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Influence of media in stereotypes
Influence of media in stereotypes
Influence of media in stereotypes
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In this article, the author focuses the reality of Sikhs being targets of anti-Muslim hate crimes 15 years post September 11th. Basu interviews victims who tell their stories of constantly living in fear—these families, primarily the Sikh men, are constantly targeted, harassed, and brutally murdered. As a commitment to their faith, Sikh men wear turbans and grow long beards. Many Americans, however, mistake them for Muslims based of their physical appearance. Sikhism, a monotheistic religion founded in Punjab is the fifth largest religion in the world. Close to 500,000 Sikhs preside in the United States, yet a majority of Americans know nothing about Sikhs. Post September 11th, there has been a sharp increase in hate crimes directed at Sikhs …show more content…
In relations to this article, I had recently seen a video made by Comedy Central’s Hasan Minhaj on how islamophobia targets America’s Sikh (non-Muslim) residents. In this video, Hasan randomly selects candidates on the street, he holds up a poster with four photos on it—a bird, binoculars, a Sikh man, and kids playing hide and go seek—then, he asks a simple question, “which one of these is a Sikh?” The first man points to the bird, meanwhile the second one points to the kids playing hide and go “seek”. Clearly, the media has had significant influence on how Muslims or should I say “terrorists” are portrayed throughout the United States of America. Media outlets have long instilled a fear of terrorism in American people without educating them; the portrayals of Muslims in the media have contributed to the construction of precarious Muslim stereotypes. I am baffled knowing some Americans accept everything they hear the media—they assume that a man wearing a turban with a beard automatically must mean that he is a Muslim, a terrorist or even
The Muslim Sikh community in the United States have been facing violence and discrimination against their people increasingly since 9/11. FBI: Dramatic Spike in Hate Crimes Targeting Muslims. (2012) . Retrieved from http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/2012/spring/fbi-dramatic-spike-in-hate-crimes-targetin. According to the FBI, Anti-Muslim has soared by 50% in 2010 since the September 11th attacks. The groups of people who encourage these types of hate crimes are misinformed and prejudice against a whole religion, instead of focusing in a humane way on a group of terrorists that caused so much turmoil in the United States.
(Chermak, 2006) The media is one of the leading causes of stereotypes, and what influences our beliefs today. When you think of a terrorist, you may think of either a middle-aged Muslim male or a middle-aged white male with some sort of mental or social disorder. This isn't always the case. A terrorist can be of any race, age, and social class.
Even though Sikh Americans have experienced a heightened amount of animosity, it is quite a warm feeling when communities and groups gather to support victims of hate crimes as stated in this excerpt, "It has happened before in New Jersey. But this time, an act of hateful vandalism has drawn an avalanche of support for a victimized Hindu family, highlighting the growth of networks aiming to assist South Asian-American victims of bias crimes. The family of five arrived home in Wayne last Saturday to discover their house and walkways spray-painted with anti-Indian and anti-Hindu epithets. Police disclosed the incident on Wednesday, and said the family also had been targeted with hate mail and graffiti in January."(Crouse) The community responded by putting out calls and e-mails in an attempt to reach the family. This was done by Asian-American civil rights leaders after they had read about the incidents. Other local actions of support came in the form of one bank branch's offer to cover the cost of removing the graffiti and a contractor's offer to do the work for free. There are many hate crimes that have been inflicted on Sikh Americans, but it is important to realize there are positive and supporting reactions from different communities to try to alleviate this type of racism.
The media has been known to portray or show many “Muslims” as terrorists, and several times they fail to show the peaceful Muslims. Furthermore, the media affects the perception of many Americans, and when they portray Muslims as scary and dangerous people, this causes many stereotypes to form. This in turn, makes it common for people to accept and believe in the various stereotypes of Muslims. Also, countless Muslims are ethnically profiled based on their religious appearance. To be more specific, numerous Muslims are stereotyped due to their long beards and cultural robes. Stereotypes, such as these, are affected by the descriptions of other notorious terrorists, such as Osama Bin Laden, who was well known for his long beard. Additionally, a number of people have become irrational and unreasonable when it comes to preventing Muslims to affect America, such as many protests “to ban Sharia law in any American court” (Azlan). Sharia is basically the law of an Islamic government, and the protest is illogical, since Sharia law has never been practiced in any American court and there is no indication, that there will be (Azlan). Many of these labels are unfair, and the media unjustly portrays and connects innocent American Muslims to terrorists which is
Movies, one can argue, are one of America’s greatest pastimes. Unfortunately, after 9/11, films have become increasingly prejudiced against American Muslims. In movies Muslims are frequently portrayed negatively. According to James Emery, a professor of Anthropology, Hollywood profits off of “casting individuals associated with specific negative stereotypes”. This is due to the fact that viewers automatically link characters with their clichéd images (Emery). For Muslims, the clichéd image is of the violent fundamentalist, who carried out the terroristic attacks on 9/11. As a result, the main stereotypes involved in movies display Muslims as extremists, villains, thieves, and desert nomads. An example of a movie that has such a negative character role for Muslims in film is Disney’s cartoon Aladdin, depict...
According to Petrosino (2003: 10) hate crimes can be defined as "..the victimisation of minorities due to their racial or ethnic identity by members of the majority. " (p. 4) Hate crimes are also known as bias-motivated crimes because the crimes are motivated by a bias towards a person or persons including but not limited to those of a different gender, ethnic background, religion, or sexual orientation. Hate crimes are quite serious and have severe and long lasting-effects for the targeted victims. Due to the severe nature of the crimes many countries have strict laws in place to punish offenders. Hate crime is not widely discussed in Canadian society because it has not been a prominent issue until now. “..The extent of the problem in Canada was limited to a small number of persons, such activity could create a climate of malice and destructiveness to the values of our society (Cohen Report, 1966:24). As a result of the committee’s efforts, Parliament amended the Criminal Code in 1970, thus rendering hate propaganda as a punishable offence (Law Reform Commission of Canada, 1986:7)
Since the September 11th attacks, the media has become more bias in its portrayal of ethnic minorities. A news story may not say “Black people may rob your house” but their bias portrayal in the media would make you believe it (Schemer & Wirth). The article features a section on several experiments...
Over half of hate crime offenders enjoy the thrill and excitement of committing a hate crime, which fits perfectly into the elements of the General Theory of Crime. As mentioned above, there are many people who have thoughts regarding other people and judge them because of characteristics they might not be able to change. This could be their race, disability, or gender identity. Not everyone chooses to commit criminal acts towards someone based on their thoughts of him or her. The people that do commit hate crimes are exhibiting low self-control along with other characteristics that Gottfredson and Hirschi claimed are elements of low self-control such as insensitivity. Jack McDevitt, Jack Levin, and Susan Bennett (2002) explain the different
Islam in America has historically been misunderstood, and this is due to the misconception of culture and religion as well as lack of education and incorrect portrayal in the media, which gives a skewed idea of Islam. Especially in the United States, Islam has been seen as the “terrorist religion” or a religion for the extremists and a religion in which freedom is not an option. Among the countless misconceptions, the basis of stereotypes by Americans is due to the mix up between religion and culture. Furthermore, the media only fuels fire to these misunderstandings and lack of factual information about Islam causing Americans to lash out on American Muslims without reason.
Prejudice is a premature judgment, a positive or negative attitude towards a person or group of people. Based on beliefs and not facts, it can affect a person’s emotions and behavior, often leading to discrimination. This is what happened to Patel and Mukker. Wasn't it because of the definition of "all black people bringing criminal activity" that Mr. Patel was tackled viciously to the floor? And wasn't it because of the preconception of "a Sikh man wearing a turban is a terrorist" that poor Mr. Mukker received the many blows to his face? Many people come to this country to escape from unjustness from their countries. So do we, as citizens of this country, set a positive example in America by showing even more racism and unlawfulness? While in the hospital Mr. Inderjit Mukker says "No American should be afraid to practice their faith in our country,” said the victim, Mr. Mukker. “I’m thankful for the swift response of authorities to apprehend the individual, but without this being fully investigated as a hate crime, we risk ignoring the horrific pattern of intolerance, abuse, and violence that Sikhs and other minority communities in this country continue to face" I'm sure that both Mr. Mukker and Mr. Patel helped this country learn a valuable lesson about misjudgment, unfairness, and
Hate Crime in the United States of America THESIS: In this research paper, information will be given on hate crime in the United States of America. It’s best to know about these types of crimes before it’s too late because it’s rarely reported or spoken about but does occur on regular bases. Hate crime didn't come about until the early 1980's. It's sad how these types of crimes still occur so many years later; there are innocent people who are attacked simply because of their race, religion or sexual orientation. Based on the articles, hate crime in the USA is very common and the chances to be a victim are high enough. Hate crimes are ignorant and pointless, they need to be stopped.Done to many different people in many different waysHate crimes are biased motivated, they're based on ethnicity, gender, language, nationality, physical appearance and sexual orientation. Hate crimes have various ways of being committed. They can be done either by physically assaulting another individual, doing damage to their property, bullying them, harassing them, verbal abusing or insulting someone. Hate crimes occur because of people who are prejudice and ignorant who can’t understand that there are differences among people. A victim of hate crime is more than likely to be attacked by another individual because of their race. The most common type of hate crimes that are committed is racially motivated. While gay people are also attacked often also, hate crimes based on sexual orientation come in second. In 2012 and 2013 there were 42,236 reported hate crimes. 85% were race hate crimes, 10% were sexual orientation, 4% were disability and religion hate crimes and 1% transgender. The FBI has found that most hate crime offenders are white at 70%...
“ I hear the mournful wail of millions! Whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are, today rendered more intolerable…” - Frederick Douglass , 1852. This quote here shows us how slaves were miserable during the 1800s and all because people didn’t think they were the same. During this time we can see that the U.S was very divided. The division in between people was mainly shown through slavery, racism, and how white people believed that they were dominant over every race. Although now in 2017, nearly 165 years later, America seems to be more united than ever compared to how the world was before. The strengthening of America can be seen through how slaves were treated before, how laws worked before, and how severe the current problems
“Stereotyping is a three-part process” (Floyd, 61). In the first stage, we identify a group to which we believe another person belongs. For example, if a man is wearing a turban, one might assume he is a Muslim. In the next stage, we recall a generalization others often make about the people in that group. For example, many people in the United States generalize all Muslims as terrorists or haters of America. The last stage in the process of stereotyping is applying the generalization to that person. “You are Muslim, therefore must be a terrorist.” Obviously, these assumptions are not accurate, but are examples in the process of stereotyping (Floyd, 61).
To understand the culture of fear we must observe the role of media and politics in perpetuating it. Goffman offers his audience an insight into understanding the reasons for this fear, with the type of stigma he calls the tribal stigma. In his definition, tribal stigma is a type of stigma which is passed on to others through the affiliation of religion, race, and nation (Goffman), in this context religion is the focal point of the stigmatisation. As previously mentioned, media and politics have had a pivotal role to play in how societies view the Islamic community. They are able to attain greater power over the masses through communicating fear to their audience. When people within a society watch mainstream media of terrorist attacks that
Once again Singh was a direct witness to the horrific event – the 1984 anti-Sikh riots. “Popular media representations of the Sikh tradition flash the image of a ….. negative icon symbolizing religious violence and separatism”(Bhogal 107). Just as blacks were termed as “beasts” for the work of few blacks who practiced violence, they same happened to the Sikhs who were painted as “terrorists” for the barbaric acts of few Sikhs engaged in the Khalistan