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Beowulf literary elements
Beowulf literary elements
Comparing beowulf with modern books
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In the epic Beowulf, malicious acts are portrayed through the monster Grendel. Grendel has been attacking Hrothgar for twelve years. He goes into the mead hall Heorot and attacks the soldiers causing them a long and painful death. He is an unsightly monster who gets angered easily by the villagers who create a boisterous sound. As he entered the mead hall,
The door gave away, so toughened with iron, at the touch of those hands. Rage-inflamed, wreckage-bent, he ripped open the jaws of the hall. Hastening on, the foe then stepped onto the unstained floor, angrily advanced: out of his eyes stood an unlovely light like that of fire. He saw then in the hall a host of young soldiers, a company of kinsmen caught away in sleep, a whole warrior-band.
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In his heart he laughed then, horrible monster, his hopes swelling to a gluttonous meal. He meant to wrench the life from each body that lay in place before night was done. It was not to be; he was no longer to feast on the flesh of mankind after that night. [...] As a first step he set his hands on a sleeping soldier, savagely tore at him, gnashed at his bone-joints, bolted huge gobbets, sucked at his veins, and had soon eaten all of the dead man, even down to his hands and feet. (Beowulf 38) Grendel’s acts of evil are seen through his mannerisms.
He is described as storming through the doorway as he was ripping the door off. This shows how strong and powerful Grendel is when he becomes angered. The door was made of iron hinges and tough wood so the king would be protected from the outside. But Grendel was able to tear the door off and proceeded to violently enter the mead hall. As Grendel is in the mead hall he sees the host of soldiers in front of him. Instead of feeling threatened he laughs at them. Grendel doesn’t feel inferior to the large number of soldiers because he knows he can easily destroy them. While Grendel is laughing at the soldiers he enjoys the fact that he will have a good meal. Grendel then proceeded to gnaw on a sleeping soldier. The process of him eating the soldier helps visualize how dangerous Grendel is toward humans. These details help to portray the characteristics of malicious …show more content…
behavior. Grendel is a malicious monster and doesn’t hold attributes of a nice monster. If Grendel were a nice monster he would have knocked on the door instead of tearing it down. He would have waited for a soldier to come answer the door and invite him into the hall. He would have also brought a gift for the host. Grendel could have picked out a bouquet of flowers or a fruit basket. A nice monster would also shake the hands of all the people he met while in the mead hall instead of laughing at them. While he would be shaking hands he would learn their names and ask the people polite questions. Instead of eating the soldiers for his dinner, Grendel would have accepted the food given to him without any complaints. During dinner, he would know how to politely chew his food and use a napkin instead of eating in a barbaric manner. If he did want to munch on a soldier, he would have to politely ask a soldier if it would be allowed. If Grendel was nice he would have needed to use his manners and thank the host for the invitation for dinner. And afterwards he would have sent a thank you note for the pleasant evening in the mead hall. The life of Ivan IV can be compared to the evil characteristics of Grendel.
Ivan IV’s parents both died by the time he was eight years old. Death, abuse, and violence were prevalent in Ivan IV’s life. After the parent's death, noblemen were fighting for the power to reign Russia. The noblemen treated Ivan IV with respect in the public eye but immensely belittled him in private. When he was a child he would torture dogs and push them off at steep heights. After he became Tsar of Russia, he was involved with the construction of St. Basil’s Cathedral. After it was fully constructed he blinded the architects so they could not build anything as magnificent again. His wife Anastasia died and was believed to be poisoned. After that tragic event, Ivan IV distrusted people and believed they were disloyal to the country, so he decided that he would have absolute power to execute anyone he believed was unpatriotic. Ivan IV’s behavior became more erratic as he aged. During an argument with his son, he ended up killing him with a pointed staff. Ivan IV gained the nickname Ivan the Terrible. The word terrible translates to grozny in Russian. This translates to fear, terror, and threatening. Ivan the Terrible's life of murdering people and his parents’ death can be compared to Grendel. Grendel’s mother died and many soldiers deaths originated from either attacks from Grendel or being devoured by him. Though Ivan the Terrible was not cannibalistic he did murder people and did not allow
it to affect his reign of Russia. (http://russiapedia.rt.com/prominent-russians/the-ryurikovich-dynasty/ivan-iv-the-terrible/)
For ages, humanity has always told stories of the classic struggle between man and monster. The battle between Beowulf and Grendel is a prime example of this archetype, but is Grendel only purely a monster? In his article “Gardner’s Grendel and Beowulf: Humanizing the Monster”, Jay Ruud makes a point that Grendel is a hybridization of both monster and man, particularly in John Gardner’s novel Grendel. In the poem Beowulf, Grendel is depicted as a purely evil monster who terrorizes Hrothgar and his people, but the novel provides a more humanistic backstory to the fiend. Throughout the novel, Grendel tells of his internal struggle between his thoughts of filling the role of the monster versus attempting to make amends with the humans. This conflict
Grendel had changed drastically from all the way from the start of the book all the way to the end of the book. Grendel began very immature almost child like from the beginning of the book. The way he talked and viewed all things such as plants and animals was very child like. The difference between him and a human would be his monstrous height and strength. Grendel’s first major change was when Grendel heard the words of the Shaper. Grendel would evaluate the Shaper as he would tell his stories in the mead hall, he would do so for many nights. Many times though Grendel would not agree with the stories the Shaper would say and tell to the others, sometimes he felt as if the Shaper was trying to manipulate the others around him. This would anger
John Gardener’s Grendel is another version of the epic Beowulf, except in a differing perspective. This story is retold from the viewpoint of Grendel. Gardener wants us to empathize with Grendel through his own thoughts and emotions. The way one sees the monster in Beowulf is completely different than how one would think of him in Grendel. One is forced to view someone else’s opinion versus getting to form an opinion for oneself.
Grendel in the Epic of Beowulf is portrayed as a monster, a creature that has no thoughts on who he kills.While in the movie Beowulf and Grendel(Gunnarsson 2005); he is much more human-like. In parts of the movie, thoughts are led to believe that in fact he is not out to kill random people he only harms those who have “hurt him”.This, in fact, leads to believe that Grendel from the film really wasn’t the bad guy:it shifted towards the fact that Hrothgar was the bad guy for killing Grendel 's father This ties to the fact that as we modernize we tend to need a reason to do things, most people will not endure things if in the end the end result they won 't benefit from it. Nevertheless, the film has changed the perspective and/ or natural view that one as a reader would have taken from the
No one knows who wrote Beowulf but we do know who wrote Grendel. John Gardner took the epic Beowulf and added more to the brilliant story. Grendel takes on the same story as Beowulf but from the perspective of Grendel, the beast in Beowulf. The story of Grendel is very interesting because from reading Beowulf it is completely uninspected. In Beowulf Grendel is said to be a disgusting monster that’s only job is to kill. In Grendel we really see him as very nice but turns to be evil because he is pushed into that direction.
The first opponent Beowulf must face in the land of the Danes is Grendel, textually described as “a fiend out of hell … [a] grim demon / haunting the marches, / marauding round the heath / and the desolate fens” (Beowulf, line 100 – 104). The author also provides us with a moral description, explaining how Grendel is “merciless … malignant by nature, he never showed remorse” (line 135-137). As we can see here, the author’s physical and moral portrayal of Grendel is rather unforgiving. We also resent Grendel further once we learn that he has wreaked havoc upon the Heorot hall for twelve years, “inflicting constant cruelties on the people / atrocious hurt” (line 165).
A building is ablaze and a crowd of people stare helplessly from the streets, listening to screams coming from within. A single person runs in to rescues whomever he or she can find. Whether or not that person emerges with a child in their arms, empty handed, or not at all, does nothing to alter our society’s perception of their heroism. Today’s society would classify such an action as heroic, regardless of outcome, for one reason: intentions. During Anglo-Saxton times the interpretation of such an act, based on the tale Beowulf, would not be so understanding of what was intended, but rather of the outcome. If one perished and failed in an attempt of such a heroic act words like weakness might arise. It is here that the clash of what a hero is occurs between the Anglo-Saxton tale Beowulf and John Gardner’s Grendel. Beowulf in Beowulf is a hero for he defeats evil and restores order to and for the common people. Unferth in Grendel however is unsuccessful in his campaign against evil, but like the man who emerges empty handed he is by no means any less of a hero. For heroism, as demonstrated in the Anglo-Saxton tale Beowulf, is altered in Gardner’s Grendel to convey the idea that intentions define a hero as opposed to actions.
Grendel is born a neutral being, perhaps even good, but nevertheless, without hate. The transition which he undergoes to become evil is due to misunderstandings between himself and humans and also meeting with a dragon who is questionably evil. As a young “monster”, Grendel knew nothing other than the cave he lived in and his mother who could not speak any distinguishable language. He was a playful creature who seemed to be like a “bla...
Grendel represents everything that an Anglo-Saxon warrior should not be. As he is introduced into the story, he is characterized by having, “…no idea of the
However, this stranger is unlike any human Grendel has ever met before. When Grendel attacks the mead hall that night, he discovered that this stranger is not only much stronger and smarter than he imagined, he is also much more cruel. “He’s crazy. I understand him all right, make no mistake. Understand his lunatic theory of matter and mind, the chilly intellect, the hot imagination, blocks and builder, reality as stress” (Gardner 172). This insane man is actually the hero Beowulf. However, in this story, Beowulf is portrayed as one of the worst humans of them all. He cannot just kill Grendel, he has to see Grendel suffer up to his death. He forces Grendel to sing and humiliates him in front of the other men. This unearthly cruelty is what finally took down Grendel. But it also shows that even though Grendel was physically the monster, that he was not the worst creature on earth. Grendel was not as cruel as Beowulf; in the end, man becomes the monster and the monster becomes the
Even though Grendel is depicted as a monster in the story Grendel, his story still makes him an epic hero. An epic hero is described as a character whose heroic actions are central to his/her own culture, race, or nation. Grendel may not be an actual hero like Beowulf, but a monster who endure appropriate trials for themselves. Grendel’s terrifying and violent actions are things that are feared by many people and encouraged by his race. This is what makes Grendel and epic monster.
This illustrates an inner problem of a suppressed evil side to society. Beowulf and other men that battled Grendel had trouble defeating him with weapons. They all had to tussle with Grendel and everyone except for Beowulf failed at this challenge. Symbolically meaning that that evil side to society will always be there no matter how much people try to fight it. Grendel also plays the role of envy. Imagine him being an outcast with no joy in his life hearing the mead-hall at night and all the laughter, he must have felt envious and longed to be a part of that world. Another symbolic role is revenge. Upon learning that Beowulf has hurt her only child Grendel’s mother becomes angered and seeks revenge. Her and Beowulf battle it out and the mother loses the battle. Relating this back to Cain, Grendel’s mother wants to kill Beowulf and get revenge and just like Cain, she faced her punishment, for her it was
Time after time he charges into Herot Hall, slaughtering the warriors like sheep, and feasting on them. Denmark trembles in fear and grief as Grendel terrorizes their land. The people live in fear for their family and friends. Grendel is the Anglo-Saxon embodiment of what is dark, terrifying, and threatening. Grendel is an enemy of God. He can not know God’s great love. He is a powerful ogre that resides in the dark, wet marshes. He is a shadow of death that grows impatient with the Danes. He delights in their slaughter. No crime or savage assault would quench his thirst for evil. For evil can never be quenched. Grendel is a shepherd of evil and a guardian of crime. Grendel exhibits his envy towards the warriors as Cain did to his brother. Jealousy breed loneliness.
Beowulf and Grendel (Gunnarsson 2005) depicts a very different protagonist than the one in the epic (Heaney 2000). The Beowulf in the film learns how to have mercy as the movie progresses, while the epic Beowulf is very flat. This is due to the fact that the modern culture is very different from that of the epic. Our culture isn't content with such characters. We want our characters to have more lifelike characteristics such as emotions and a change of heart.
In history, evil men have reigned supreme across many cultures. Some people say that being evil is inherent in every human. If this is true, then writing may be the ultimate way of releasing hatred of the world without hurting anyone. In Beowulf, all of society's evil men can be personified within the demons of Cain. The main demon presented in Beowulf is Grendel. Grendel personifies the exact opposite of what the Anglo-Saxons held dear. Beowulf, the story's hero, is the embodiment of what every Anglo-Saxon strove to become in their lifetime. Grendel is constantly angry, afraid and unsure of himself; while Beowulf is fearless and loyal to his king.