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Governmental budgeting
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A budget surplus is a period when income or receipts exceed outlays or expenditures. A budget surplus often refers to the financial states of governments; individuals use the term savings instead of the term budget surplus. A [surplus] is regarded as an indication that the government is being effectively managed.
A budget surplus might be used to make a desired purchase that has been delayed, pay off debt or save for the future. A city government that has a surplus may use the money to render improvements to a local dilapidated park.
When expenditures exceed income, the outcome is [a budget deficit], which is funded by borrowing funds and paying interest on the borrowed money, similar to an individual spending more than he earns and carries
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government budget surplus. The receipts for the year amounted to $330 billion while expenditures for the year were $323 billion. This gave a budget surplus of $6 billion.
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Economic and spending changes generate a surplus. A budget surplus is an indicator of a healthy economy. However, it is not necessary for a government to maintain a budget surplus. For instance, not having budget surplus does not mean that the economy of the country is not being run efficiently. A budget surplus implies that the government has extra funds; these funds should be utilized to pay debts, which reduces the interest payable, and help the economy in the future.
For example, a surplus can be used to reduce taxes, start new programs, fund to existing public programs such as social security or Medicare; reduce the public debt, fund existing government agencies such as the military, infrastructure, energy, and public works, pay salaries, implement policy, or save to spend in the future when a budget deficit occurs.
A budget surplus occurs when a reduction in costs and spending or both have been successful or when revenues exceed expectations. An increase in taxes can also result in a surplus. A surplus decreases consumer demand, lowers consumer prices and slows down the
The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 was designed to lower spending in some areas to help balance the budget. Hence the name Balanced Budget Act. The main area from which the BBA cuts back spending is Medicare.
The dollar will be worth less and less if the nation is in high debt. People will also be affected, when you have less money you spend and buy less due to increased prices, which can cause problems in the economy such as a recession or worse a depression. Budget deficit calls for the government to let costs exceed national income and use monetary policy to jump start the economy. The government must be careful when choosing the best way to build the economy. If the policies fail, they can lead the nation into many problems, as stated above.
Our Preamble lists five main goals that are required to help create a strong and stable society within our country. However, money is required in order to achieve these goals. We get this money from the Federal Budget which is the yearly amount we receive in order to better our country. The question here is, are we slicing the pie correctly in relation to the federal budget? In each of three budget clusters, the U.S Government should make adjustments in the way it is distributing money by making changes involving the Big Five, the Middle Five, and the Little Guys.
...vailable for stimulus programs to boost the economy out of the 2008 financial crisis. This caused fewer jobs to be created, which meant less tax revenue and more debt.
The Australian Budget is an annually published document which details the Federal Government's plans to affect the level of economic activity, resource allocation, and income distribution through the use of fiscal policy. It describes the framework which the government intends to follow during the next financial year which will result in the attainment of their objectives. The budget is a publication of the government's plans regarding the use of fiscal policy, and is published to parliament and the general public on “budget night”, so as to allow open dissemination about the status of public finances and to promote transparency in Australia's fiscal policy.
For government budgeting to be effective, the process that guides it must be an evolving one. As the government gets bigger, it will most likely destabilize the existing method. Therefore, it must change to keep pace with the demands and growth of the country. The process must be capable of handling the complexity of our nation and its multifaceted needs so it will always need revisions and restructuring to face these new challenges. Its ultimate goal must be to reinforce the government and strengthen the country.
In the passage against the dog park in the first paragraph, the author mentions a dog park being a burden for taxpayers. Rather than not building a dog park, a dog facility should be built. It could be an indoor building with fake grass and obsticles. It would be the size of the average dog shelter, there could be a small fee at entry per dog, and the only employees necessary would be custodial or administration workers. The cost to establish the facility would be similar to the the cost of the dog park, but since there would be a small fee to enter the facility, tax payers would not be burdened continuously.
In general, an increase in government spending and decrease in the collection of government taxes and other receipts, increases the debt held by the local government. Government taxes and receipts fluctuate annually, and are frequently less than government spending. In the past, the U.S. public debt has increased for the duration of wars and recessions. When the government consumes more than what it accumulates in taxes, there is a budget deficit and the government then borrows from the private sector or from foreign governments to protect their spending. The compilation of historical borrowing is what materializes the government debt.
Throughout the years the U.S has had more budget deficits than it has had surpluses. This is due to the excess in spending and not enough revenues to pay for it. Many have debated over the U.S budget deficit problem. However to fix the problem one has to research the past to figure out how the U.S budget deficit got to where it is now. Hopefully by figuring out this, one could project what the U.S budget deficit will look like in years to come.
The budget is a method in which to reign-in discretionary spending, and will likely show variances between what costs have been anticipated and what costs are actually incurred. The Budget Process Budgetary planning may differ between organizations. Single-period budgets and rolling budgets have methodologies that provide advantages and disadvantages that may make one budget time frame better than another. A single period may require less time in planning during a fiscal year, but is less accurate than a rolling budget that is continuously planned on a repetitive basis. In either case, budgets are planned in advance in order for a company to operate profitably, and less so to have "actual results equal budgeted results."
The primary purposes of the governmental budget are to legitimize public expenditures and to account for and control the usage of public resources. As budgets evolve, officials find that the annual budget should be used for planning, coordinating, and scheduling programs. Demands on municipalities force them to engage in establishing priorities and monitoring how well the priorities are achieved. It is no longer possible for a municipal government to do everything for everyone. A municipal government must prioritize the services that are mandatory, urgent, and that are done well. Resources must be aligned with strategies and citizen’s needs by allocating them over some time frame; usually twelve months – a fiscal year.
In time of economic crisis the government has a choice to cut spending or increase spending for public goods and services. “In 2009, Congress passed the American Recovery and Rein- vestment Act, which authorized $787 billion in spending to promote job growth and bolster economic activity”(Stratmann/Okolski 3). John Maynard Keynes, an economist of 20th century, suggest that the government should run a deficit if it will create jobs and increase capital gain. This theory support the current stimulus package that has been introduce during President Obama’s term. Although the flaw with this concept is that it makes the assumption the government has done studies and understands which areas needs the funding the most and knows where it will be beneficial, realistically that is not true. “Federal spending is less likely to stimulate growth when it cannot accurately target the projects where it will be most productive” (Stratmann/Okolski 2). This can be seen because political figures will spend money where it directly supports their needs as well. For instance, the political figure would rather spend money to things that will yield a p...
Budget is combining your income and expenses to decide how much money you are going to spend on an item. Budget is an important step to determine your financial health and financial stability. It’s an important financial tool because it can help plan for expenses, cut cost were unneeded, save for future goals, plan for emergencies that occur inexpediently, and list what you are spending and saving.
The national budget is the main instrument through which governments collect resources from the economy, in a sufficient and appropriate manner; and allocate and use those resources responsively, efficiently and effectively (Todorovic & Djordjevic, 2009). The work of public budget has increased extremely more complicated, abstruse and worrying (Hou, 2006, p.730).
The government will obviously have no savings during a deficit period, as they are borrowing to fund their excessive spending programs. This becomes a serious issue during emergencies, as there will be no surplus on which to rely on during these periods, which will in turn lead to excessive borrowing from other nations to support this spending level, usually at very high interest rates. This in effect is spending money which you do not have and can end up increasing the cost of everything you buy. As prices start to rise, this can be detrimental to the economy, leading to inflation. If interest rates or inflation start to rise, due to the efforts of the government, this can lead to what many economists term the “Crowding Out