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Thesis of the atlantic slave trade
Atlantic slave trade and the African reaction
The economic impact of the atlantic slave trade
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Global trade patterns have changed greatly from 1750 to the present. Certain regions have gained and lost their importance to the world wide economy. This shift in trade from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic, and finally to the Pacific highlights how different factors influence the demand for different goods. By 1750 the Triangular trade had reached its high point in the Atlantic Ocean. The trade of manufactured goods from Europe to Africa, slaves from Africa to Latin America and raw materials from Latin America to Europe characterized the focus of the economy of the time. The great importance of Latin American cash crops and mineral deposits led to Europe to concentrate on obtaining only raw materials from its colonies there. This prevented the heavy …show more content…
By 1750, imperialistic powers had begun to seize control of many regions through South and Southeast Asia. India fell under control of the British East India company and later became a British colony. Many other areas fell under the control of the Dutch and other European powers. These areas were exploited as sources of raw materials and a place to send European manufactured goods. As in Latin America, few industries rose in Southeast Asia and India. Around World Wars I and II, struggles for independence began there too. When India finally did gain independence, it went through the same problem as Latin America and the rest of Southeast Asia. India’s cotton industry had been destroyed by the flow of cheap British manufactured textiles and the government held monopolies on many trade goods such as salt. Gandhi had supported the limited Westernization of India and the revival of its past industries. The Third World status of many Southeastern nations is beginning to change as trade shifts into the Pacific Ocean. and the Asian Tigers continue to gain power and
Because the trans-Atlantic slave trade was profitable for African elites and brought western many valuable goods to West Africa, when it was effectively shut down after 1808 by British patrols, people along this coast were eager to keep the European trade lines alive. The imposition of this “legitimate trade” (any non-slave trade) saw a huge rise of African export of gold and palm oil. For these the British traded guns and technologies of the Industrial Revolution, some that interested Africans and some that did not. With the help of the new, swift, sturdy clipper ship, the British were able to transport these goods faster than ever before.
Cotton, spices, silk, and tea from Asia mingled in European markets with ivory, gold, and palm oil from Africa; furs, fish, and timber from North America; and cotton, sugar, and tobacco from both North and South America. The lucra¬tive trade in enslaved human beings provided cheap labor where it was lacking. The profits accrued in Europe, increasingly in France and Britain as the Portuguese, Spanish, and then Dutch declined in relative power. It was a global network, made possible by the advancing tech¬nology of the colonialists.
Following the success of Christopher Columbus’ voyage to the Americas in the early16th century, the Spaniards, French and Europeans alike made it their number one priority to sail the open seas of the Atlantic with hopes of catching a glimpse of the new territory. Once there, they immediately fell in love the land, the Americas would be the one place in the world where a poor man would be able to come and create a wealthy living for himself despite his upbringing. Its rich grounds were perfect for farming popular crops such as tobacco, sugarcane, and cotton. However, there was only one problem; it would require an abundant amount of manpower to work these vast lands but the funding for these farming projects was very scarce in fact it was just about nonexistent. In order to combat this issue commoners back in Europe developed a system of trade, the Triangle Trade, a trade route that began in Europe and ended in the Americas. Ships leaving Europe first stopped in West Africa where they traded weapons, metal, liquor, and cloth in exchange for captives that were imprisoned as a result of war. The ships then traveled to America, where the slaves themselves were exchanged for goods such as, sugar, rum and salt. The ships returned home loaded with products popular with the European people, and ready to begin their journey again.
One country that had imperialism was India. By the mid-1880s, the British East India Company controlled three fifths of India. The cause of British domination was that the land was very diverse and the people could not unite and that the British either paid local princes or used weapons to get control. Positive effects of imperialistic rule in India were that the British set up a stronger economy and more powerful industries. They built roads and railroads. British rule brought peace and order to the countryside. They revised the legal system to promote justice for the Indians regardless of class. Indian landowners and princes, who still owned territory grew rich from exporting cash crops such as cotton and jute. The British introduced the telegraph and the postal system as a means of communication. These improvements and benefits from British rule eventually lead to Indian nationalism. The exposure to European ideas caused an Indian nationalist movement, the people dreamed of ending Imperial ...
Bentley, J., & Ziegler, H. (2008). Trade and encounters a global perspective on the past. (4th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 182-401). New York: McGraw-Hill.
In the first document, many of Columbus’ accomplishments are illustrated including his trade of sugar, which exploded because of the high value of the “white gold.” Because of its high value, demand for sugar created a complex trading web including many countries. The idea of “Triangular Sugar Trade” was misleading, because of the many people and goods involved in the interchange of goods, especially sugar.
The search for slaves leads to Africa, where the “trade triangle” is produced. This triangle of trade includes the Americas, Africa, and Britain. First, Africa provides slaves for the Americas. In the Americas, the slaves are then used to cultivate the sugar production. The Americas have greater sugar production, which then enables them to transport sugar to Britain in exchange for other goods and services such as silver and spices.
The movement of goods, people, and wealth in the late 17th and 18th centuries permanently changed societies across the continents of Europe, Africa, and North and South America, thereby increasing the reach of globalization in the modern age. Most influential to this movement was what is sometimes referred to as “The Atlantic Circuit”, a triangle of trade between Western Europe, western Africa, and the West Indies. Out of this circuit came the rapid growth of the Atlantic slave trade, which not only established multiple industries of agriculture, but significantly changed the economies of all countries involved. The agriculture industries, in combination with further colonization transformed the land of the Americas, and the impacted diets across the world. Capitalist systems and mercantilist policies provided structure to trade, and allowed both private investors and nations to profit from it. These systems laid the foundation for future economies by creating new levels of power and interaction between the private and public sectors and, in the process, generating many successes and failures.
The demand for agricultural goods in European countries created the Atlantic Economy. Europeans wanted certain things that were too expensive if bought from Asia, one of the most important of these being sugar. Other important trading commodities were tobacco, cotton, rice, cacao and coffee.
It is referred to as triangular trade because it consists of trade with Africa, the thirteen colonies, and England. These three areas are commonly called the trades “three legs.” The first leg of this trade was merchants from Europe bringing refined goods to Africa to trade for slaves. The merchants traded with chiefs and high authority leaders. The chiefs pretty much could and would trade whomever they pleased, there was no restriction regarding who the slaves were.
Throughout time societies have progressed through the collaboration of diverse ethnic groups, which exchanged goods and knowledge, as well as numerous other aspects. By trading, diverse societies are impacted economically, resulting in a myriad of alterations. Although, certain aspects throughout history remain constant as well, regardless of the formation of new civilizations. The period from 1500 to 1750, Latin America, also including the Caribbean, were involved interregional trade with a myriad of diverse regions. As a result of the desire to produce sugar on sugar plantations within Latin America, numerous slaves were imported from Africa to Latin America, as additional labor was required. Economically, the triangular trade led to the
Trade in the Indian Ocean region facilitated the spread of goods, technology, and ideas; the span of Indian Ocean trade reached from Southeast Africa and across the Indian Ocean to Southeast Asia, including Southwest Asia, India, and China along the way. From 650 C.E. to 1750 C.E., commerce in the Indian Ocean region changed in terms of who was involved and the technology that was developed, but the items traded remained the same.
The slave trade which had already begun on the West Coast of Africa provided the needed labour, and a period from 1496 (Columbus's second voyage) to 1838 saw Africans flogged and tortured in an effort to assimilate them into the plantation economy. Slave labour supplied the most coveted and important items in Atlantic and European commerce: the sugar, coffee, cotton and cacao of the Caribbean; the tobacco, rice and indigo of North America; the gold and sugar of Portuguese and Spanish South America. These commodities comprised about a third of the value of European commerce, a figure inflated by regulations that obliged colonial products to be brought to the metropolis prior to their re-export to other destinations. Atlantic navigation and European settlement of the New World made the Americas Europe's most convenient and practical source of tropical and sub-tropical produce. The rate of growth of Atlantic trade in the eighteenth century had outstripped all other branches of European commerce and created fabulous fortunes.
It attained a high level of political organization. In the 17th through 19th centuries, European traders established coastal ports for slave traffic to the Americas. Commodity trade, especially in palm oil and timber,
During the twentieth century, the world began to develop the idea of economic trade. Beginning in the 1960’s, the four Asian Tigers, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan, demonstrated that a global economy, which was fueled by an import and export system with other countries, allowed the economy of the home country itself to flourish. Th...