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Ethical issues in genetic engineering
Genetic engineering morally and ethically
Ethical issues in genetic engineering
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Biology is a vital subject that explains the science of living things. Technology uses the concepts of science to solve the challenges that affect the world and mankind. Societies have progressed in understanding the science of life to a point where life can be manipulated through technology. The film ‘Gattaca’ focuses on the bioethical aspects of reproduction, which is a subject of intense debate in the world. The underlying thematic concept of the movie is the question of biological determination of the real potential that human beings have on the universe. Perhaps the controversial issue in the film is the technological use of genetic engineering to create perfect societies. The controversy surrounding the technology stems from the genetic science potential to be used for harmful and positive use by technologists. This essay seeks to analyze the concept of genetic engineering in the film ‘Gattaca’ to create a perfect society.
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Human beings in the world are more than their genetic potential, and they are supposed to be left free to operate within the environment without discrimination.
Neither group of persons should be awarded a higher status than the other on the basis of their genetic orientation without demonstrating integrity and character. The film explores human freedom by comparing between accidental and engineered children. Victor was accidentally conceived and discriminated by the society because he lacked what people perceived as the right traits for engineered children. He was seen to be a weak person, not able to compete with other individuals. However, Victor did not give up, and at one point, as he competed with his brother Anton during swimming, he emerged as the winner. The judgment against Victor was not appropriate and lacked substance as far as his capabilities are
concerned. Favoring genetic engineering over inherited genes is not suitable for scientists and people in the society. Although genetic engineering enhances some of the human being traits in their lives, inherited genes can affect the performance of individuals. The main point that the film asserts is that the human spirit, determination, and genetically inherited traits substantially affect person’s abilities. For instance, Vincent was conceived in a natural way and was born through natural childbirth, leaving flaws in the genetic code. The flaws could have been solved by use of genetic engineering. Although he had flaws, Vincent was capable of performing more than genetically engineered individuals. Vincent faced difficulties due to discrimination resulting from judgments based on his genetic profile. Genetic engineering should be practiced in an ethical manner because it enhances the individual’s performances that are vital to improving their wellbeing. Though many critics oppose the concept of genetic engineering, the benefits are more than what was previously thought. The technology allows people to instill intellectual faculties and control diseases that would affect the performance of individuals. In ‘Gattaca’, selection of sex was a common practice for women, giving parents the ability to determine characteristics they desire their children to have when they are born. In conclusion, although many people doubt the technology and observe that there are many issues to be handled legally, the merits of the technology are invaluable. The incalculable and ubiquitous benefits of the technique as a whole, as well as the issues involved in the film, mute the calls for banning the technology. With utmost consideration and caution, genetic engineering will lead to limitless heights of humanity.
...cs and New Genetics” the ways that Factor X and human dignity spreads throughout society in the future show that it is the moral responsibility of society to continue to show others respect and dignity. Through the use of the pieces, “Human Dignity and Human Reproductive Cloning” by Steven Malby, “Genetic Testing and Its Implications: Human Genetics Researchers Grapple with Ethical Issues” by Isaac Rabino, and “Gender Differences in the Perception of Genetic Engineering Applied to Human Reproduction”,by Carol L. Napolitano and Oladele A. Ogunseitan, the decline on the amount of human dignity found in today's society as well as the regression in Factor X that can be found today compared to times past and how the increase in genetic engineering has greater caused for even more hurdles, for the spread of human dignity and Factor X to all members of society, to overcome.
The film Gattaca directed by Andrew Niccol is a science fiction that discovers the overall effects of genetic engineering. This is shown through the idea of a imminent society compelled by eugenics, where hypothetical children are conceived within a world of genetic manipulation. By doing this, it ensures that the upcoming generation posses the finest hereditary traits to benefit the future.
Victor grows up in school both on the American Indian Reservation, then later in the farm town junior high. He faces serious discrimination at both of these schools, due to his Native American background. This is made clear in both of the schools by the way the other students treat him as well as how his teachers treat him. His classmates would steal his glasses, trip him, call him names, fight him, and many other forms of bullying. His teachers also bullied him verbally. One of his teachers gave him a spelling test and because he aced it, she made him swallow the test. When Victor was at a high school dance and he passed out on the ground. His teacher approached him and the first thing he asked was, “What’s that boy been drinking? ...
Victor’s obsession with the genesis of life prevents him from thinking clearly. Initially, Victor has a strong interest in science. However, during his time at Ingolstadt, when he becomes interested in the cause of the generation of life, he decides to create and animate a human being. He completely neglects his family and friends because his sole focus is on his creation. Victor prioritizes the creation of his creature over his own health and happiness. Since he works in complete secrecy, there is nobody to help him stop his obsession. In addition, there is nobody who can monitor the aesthetic quality of his creation. He is so fixed on completing his project that he fails to notice how ugly it is. As soon as the creature comes to life, Victor is so horrified and disgusted with it that he runs away. He feels like “the beauty of [his] dream [va...
The use of genetic modification in enhancing human characteristics has brought about negative issues, such as discrimination, ethical issues and corruption. With this in mind, genetic modification has benefitted humans immensely; developing the knowledge of the human mind, preventing hereditary diseases and improving the physical attributes of individuals. Nevertheless, the disadvantages surrounding the enhancement of human characteristics through genetic means outweigh the advantages as portrayed by the film and text, “Gattaca” and “Flowers for Algernon” respectively. In conclusion, the enhancement of human characteristics through genetic means should be strictly advocated against.
The ethics behind genetic engineering have been discussed and argued for years now. Some arguing points often include competitive advantages, playing God, and the polarization of society, but Sandel takes a different approach in explaining society’s “unease” with the morality of genetic engineering. Broadcasted through several examples throughout the book, Sandel explains that genetic engineering is immoral because it takes away what makes us human and makes us something else. He states that by taking control of our genetic makeup, or the makeup of our progeny, we lose our human dignity and humility. Our hunger for control will lead to the loss of appreciation for natural gifts, whether they are certain talents, inherited from the genetic lottery, or the gift of life itself.
A reckless abandonment cost Victor and others, their lives. The Creation killed everyone Victor loved as vengeance for his treatment and isolation. Nevertheless, Victor chose to keep his knowledge of his own doing a secret and watched in guilt as many people, including his own family, died. Victor’s ignorance becomes the
...s creation as a way of revenge and payback for all the distress he brought to the creature. The creature, beginning as the most innocent, is alienated by his creator and every individual who witnesses his presence. Finally, Victor isolates himself from his beloved ones in order to fulfill his ambitions. All these misfortunes are caused by the lack of moral decision making. Unfortunately, these decisions ruined the life of many people involved in Victor’s life. All these events are the proof of what people’s actions can result into when isolation is a major theme in one’s life.
Savulescu, Julian. “Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Human Beings.” Readings in the Philosophy of Technology. Ed. David Kaplan. 2nd ed. Lanham: Roman & Littlefield, 2009. 417-430.
Genetic engineering has been around for many years and is widely used all over the planet. Many people don’t realize that genetic engineering is part of their daily lives and diet. Today, almost 70 percent of processed foods from a grocery store were genetically engineered. Genetic engineering can be in plants, foods, animals, and even humans. Although debates about genetic engineering still exist, many people have accepted due to the health benefits of gene therapy. The lack of knowledge has always tricked people because they only focused on the negative perspective of genetic engineering and not the positive perspective. In this paper, I will be talking about how Genetic engineering is connected to Brave New World, how the history of genetic engineering impacts the world, how genetic engineering works, how people opinions are influenced, how the side effects can be devastating, how the genetic engineering can be beneficial for the society and also how the ethical issues affect people’s perspective.
Vincent Freeman was one of the last individuals that was conceived “naturally”. Vincent was born with poor eyesight, had heart problems, and had a life expectancy of about 30 years. Vincent’s dream was to travel into space but his specific gene makeup would not allow him to. He decided on a plan to buy another man’s identity, a former athlete. Jerome was a former star athlete that was paralyzed from a car accident. Jerome agreed to give him his elite DNA to give Vincent the chance to be a part of the space team. Vincent just had to make sure that he does not leave any traces of his DNA around. Vincent succeeds in the Gattaca space program as soon as he had Jerome’s genetics. He gave a urine sample at his job interview, which proved his genetic superiority and he earned a position at Gattaca. As he is about to embark
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The evolution of technology has been hand in hand with the human subjugation of earth, but the question persists, when does the use of technology go too far? Advances in medical science have tremendously improved the average human lifespan and the quality of life for individuals. Medical science and biology are steadily arriving at new ways to make humans superior by the use of advanced genetic alteration. This ability raises the question of how ought this new technology be used, if at all? The idea of human enhancement is a very general, since humans are constantly “enhancing” themselves through the use of tools. In referring to human enhancement, I am specifically referring to the use of genetic intervention prior to birth. Julian Savulescu in his, “Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings” argues that it is not only permissible to intervene genetically, but is morally obligatory. In this paper I will argue that it is not morally obligatory to genetically intervene, but may be permissible under the criterion established by Savulescu. I plan to argue that the argument used by Savulescu for the obligation to genetically intervene is not the same obligation as the prevention and treatment of disease. The ability for humans to genetically intervene is not sufficient to provide a moral obligation.
Genetic engineering is a technology that has been created to alter DNA of different species to try and make them more improved. This essay will discuss the eugenics, the religious point of view about genetic engineering, genetically modified food and the genetic screening of embryos. In this essay it will be said wether genetic engineering is ethical or unethical.
The main ethical dilemma presented in the film is the use of genetic modification technology in humans. The scientists initially approach this dilemma by thinking like classic teleologians. “By incorporating human DNA into the hybrid template, we can begin to address any number of genetically influenced diseases…Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, diabetes, even some forms of cancer”. (Splice, 2009) They are producing a greater good by choosing this ethical path. This is the core motive for the current use of GMOs. According to the Human Genome Project (U.S. Department of Energy Genome Programs, 2008), GMOs have a variety of applications; To increase the yield of crops and animal products, to make plants and animals more resistant to certain disease, and more efficiently processed are but a few. The end product of these applications is, in theory, to benefit humanity. If we are already genetically modifying plants and animals, is a...