Generalized Transference Theory

The generalized positive and negative transference discussed by Weiner and Bornstein (2009) brings up an interesting question as to the origin of generalized transference experiences shared by a majority of therapy clients. If it is not tied to any individual in particular, then the tendency to idealize the therapist followed by the tendency to harbor negative feelings must be related to a shared human experience. For psychoanalytic theory, the most influential shared experiences seem centered around infant development and the maternal bond. This paper will explore the possible relationship between generalized transference reactions and infant development as described in object relations theory.

In his paper on the dynamics of transference, Freud (1912) briefly refers to transference as a reanimation of the “infantile imagos,” which suggests that aspects of infantile phantasies can be activated in transference. Themes of idealization and vilification of one’s caregiver are primary features of these phantasies in Klein’s theory of development (Mitchell & Black, 1995). It is conceivable that the initial generalized positive transference could be a

However, later on in the treatment process, when a therapist begins to use more confrontational interventions, the client may come to realize that this “good” therapist is not there only to make them feel good. The therapist may also refuse to give advice on demand or reciprocate self-disclosures leaving the client feeling less and less in control. This could result in generalized negative transference. As the pendulum swings in the opposite direction, the client will theoretically then experience the therapist as the prototype of the early “bad”