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Roles of women in shakespeares play othello
Othello plot,theme and characterization
Gender roles in othello
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Carol Thomas McNeely had once said “ The sexes so sharply differentiated in the play, badly misunderstand each other. The men persistently misconceive the women; the women fatally overestimate the men. Each sex, trapped in its own values and attitudes misjudges the other. ” To rephrase the quote, it says that due to the misunderstanding of the fundamental needs for each gender, it confines the genders into stereotypical boxes. In the play, Othello, one of the main themes about gender roles in this play is that miscommunication between the different genders. Due to the misunderstanding between the two of the main characters in the play, it had caused a great demise for both sexes. To start with, Othello’s anger caused him to make a foolish judgment of Desdemona’s …show more content…
Othello, in this scene, is beside the bed that he and Desdemona share. He starts out on his soliloquy by breaking down crying because of what he is going to do to Desdemona. It states, “Yet she must die, else she’ll betray more men. / Put out the light, and then put out the light. / If I quench thee, thou flaming minister,” (IIV. ii. 6-8) Othello, not only being a deranged heartbroken madman, he decides that he must play God with another’s person life. Othello tries to justify his heinous actions by saying that he is saving the men of the rest of the world from one woman. To Othello and his society, is seems that if a woman makes one, only one, wrongdoing, her fate is determined by that one mistake. Women in this society are seen as the lesser, and their lives as something that can be thrown away or easily blown out, like a candle. Any of the men in the play, including Othello, don’t have any respect for women and think a situation, like Othello’s, can be resolved by brutal and partisan
William Shakespeare is known to be the greatest writer in the English language, and till this day Shakespeare upholds the title of being the start of English literature. Something every reader has possibly observed is how Shakespeare portrays women. The majority of William Shakespeare’s plays objectifies women and in some ways shows his underline feelings towards women, and their roles in society. This is clearly shown through out Shakespeare’s play ‘Othello’. The society of Othello is completely controlled by men who are the military and political leaders of their homeland. Furthermore women are seen as powerless second-class citizens, who are in place for nothing more than to serve their men. But the horrendous actions and intense downfall of the men in Othello show how men are not nearly as authoritative and powerful as they seem. The boldness of the female characters proves that they are much more capable of just serving. Furthermore, by the end of the play, I admit the men of Othello are not the ones who perform courage and power instead; this title is given to the women in the play.
Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear similarly experience an "unhooking" (Tompkins) in the eponymous plays. These tragic figures struggle with internal and external femininity: after realizing their emotions and labeling them feminine, they identify women as the source of this negative femininity. Their inability to deal with the female gender in any form destabilizes their masculinity, causing an unhooking/unlatching within them. The origin of Hamlet's psychological decay lies in his anger towards Gertrude and his inability to adjust to her marrying Claudius. From Hamlet's perspective, Gertrude giving herself to a new husband signifies her failure to honor his father and her abandonment of Hamlet; he is figuratively orphaned, and he resents his sole living parent. Additionally, Hamlet's emotional confidence has been significantly damaged: seeing his mother with another man substantiates the possibility that his future wife could leave him for another man and cause him serious pain. This realization compels Hamlet to mask his feelings for Ophelia with madness, a defense mechanism intended to conceal his vulnerability. Ophelia reports that he appeared "with his doublet all unbrac'd,/No hat upon his head, his stockins fouled,/Ungart'red, and down-gyved to his ankle" (2.1.75-7), but as Hamlet is well-aware of the dress code, he likely intended for his behavior to be viewed as unacceptable and thus mad.
If we are to assume, as Richard Levin speculates, that women were in the audiences of many Renaissance plays, it is then highly possible that feminine stage images were affected by their presence(165). Likewise, the issues represented by these images would have been constructed to take these women into account in order to satisfy them as paying customers. Levin offers only a "tentative hypothesis on the incorporation of feminine sentiment into Renaissance drama. Considering that Shakespeare and his contemporaries produced in a period where doctrines such as "An Homily on the State of Matrimony" and Juan Luis Vives' _The Instruction of a Christian Woman_ were used to define the nature of women, the chances of art imitating life was very likely.
Othello represents a prime example of Shakespeare's ability to develop relationships between the sexes so as to demonstrate those relationships' weaknesses. In Othello, the sexes are divided by misconceptions and ego- centric views of the opposite gender. The men of the play, in particular Othello, maintain a patriarchal, chivalric notion of the sexes, while the women of the play yearn for more involvement in their husbands' affairs. So it is that the thrust of the play emerges from "the opposition of attitudes, viewpoints, and sexes." (Neely 214)
In Shakespeare's Othello, as in most writings of his time, women are viewed as trophies or objects to capture the attention of men. I do not doubt that these men do love their wives, but the love, respect and admiration for their women is much different that of our time. It seems modern women are much more capable of having what could be known as an "equal opportunity" marriage. In the days of sacred virginity, and honesty of one's word, well off women such as Desdemona were not given responsibility. Women in her position sat back and left the work up to their men and their servants. In due time they were given respect and admiration, and were seen as angels to be loved and cared for, but what does this really matter when one is unable to care for themselves, or have the power to accomplish without being told that someone supposedly more powerful will take care of it for them? I feel that this misogyny and sexism is eternal and even now, our world suffers from it. Many say this has to do with the "times" and the period in which Shakespeare was writing. But still, in these times as many others, there were people even then, that knew that misogyny and sexism were wrong, and must be changed. Unfortunately, it was not a general consensus.
“Speak of me as I am; nothing extenuate, / Nor set down aught in malice: then must you speak / Of one not easily jealous, but being wrought / Perplex’d in the extreme” (v.ii.342-346). Othello solicited to be known as a man so bewildered that he became unaware of his own actions when he accused Desdemona of disloyalty and dispatched of her without mercy. He doesn’t kill himself because of guilt, he kills himself so his legacy will be noble Othello, not as the man who killed his wife for simply hearing a rumor. This shows the audience that he is not sad that he killed his wife.
Neely, Carol. "Women and Men in Othello" Critical Essays on Shakespeare’s Othello. Ed. Anthony G. Barthelemy Pub. Macmillan New York, NY 1994.
William Shakespeare’s plays often put emphasis on the role of female characters and their influence on the male protagonists. This statement rings true whether it is regarding the impact of Ophelia’s insanity on Hamlet, the devastating results of Romeo’s love for Juliet or the shocking behaviour of Macbeth under Lady Macbeth’s control. Women have always been an integral part of Shakespeare’s works. Similarly, it is no different when concerning the women in the playwright’s quintessential tragedy, ‘Othello’. The play features only three women throughout its course, with each of them representing various levels of class, virtue and intelligence. Desdemona is aristocratic, virtuous, and tenacious; Emilia is a middle class maid, who is manipulated by Iago and loyal to Desdemona; and Bianca is at the bottom of the pile, being described as a frivolous “strumpet” - due to her occupation as a courtesan.
In the era that Shakespeare lived, there was a universal hierarchy that men were superior to women. In his play, Othello, this social hierarchy that was in place at the time was challenged. Othello’s wife, Desdemona, does not follow this assumption that women are not independent. She is not a wimp; she is a soldier’s wife and fit to be so. In Othello, Iago is frustrated with his commanding officer, Othello, who promotes Cassio over him and plots to ruin Othello’s life. Iago appears honest and trustworthy, but through his actions causes Othello’s misery, suicide, and death of his wife, Desdemona. Despite the status of women at the time, Desdemona exhibits maturity and independence, expresses her own ideas, and stands up for herself to Othello.
From this point on, Othello insecurity manifests into a seemingly irrational fear of being cuckolded, and his self-perceived worth diminishes exponentially. Othello comments on the likelihood of Desdemona cheating, by explaining how it may be “for [he is] black / And have not those soft parts of conversation / That chamberers have…” (3.3.280-282) Othello’s frustration with the threat of being cuckolded puts strain on his relationship with Desdemona, and she quickly becomes a victim of domestic abuse. For example, Othello acts as an interrogator, demanding to see the handkerchief which he gave her that symbolizes faithfulness and commitment towards Othello. (Quotation) When she is unable to produce their symbol of trust, Othello’s anger manifests inside him. The audience is shown a stark contrast to Othello’s typically cool, collected and composted nature. This abrupt and irrational change in behaviour is emphasized when Othello strikes Desdemona in front of Lordovico, (4.1.245) Othello’s
Gender roles are potentially life threatening because they reflect what humanity has in store for the future. Stereotypes of all genders have significance because they are expectations of how they are expected to act: men are dominant, strong, brave, and women are soft, kind, caring, and more. In William Shakespeare’s Othello, strict ideas about gender roles are mentioned throughout the entire play. However, throughout the centuries, these about women have not changed and have not gained as much freedom as they wish/deserve to have. For example, Brabantio, wants to control his daughter with what she does and get rid of Othello because of his race. Additionally, Othello mistreats
In modern society women have equal respect from men. Women do not need to be compliant to men and are free to express themselves. Although some pockets of discrimination exist in present-day society, it was not the same in Elizabethan England The disrespect that women received was unparalleled. Different levels of society bolstered this dramatic inequality of people, especially women to new heights. William Shakespeare writes influential books on the life of people living in Europe in the Elizabethan time period. William Shakespeare's Othello shows the identity of women to portray the injustice of unequal status of women expecting them to be blindly obedient to men.
Shakespeare wrote Othello during the Elizabethan era and was written in the last year of Queen Elizabeth I reign. It is seen as a Jacobean play but the context that it was made was Elizabethan. During this time period, it was set for Shakespeare to write in a way that appraises the Queen. Othello is a reflection of Elizabethan times but with universal themes. The culture of this time included a clear hierarchy, more barbaric in nature and a male dominance leaving women in a submissive role. During Shakespeare’s time, appearance was meant to indicate the lies within good and evil. Shakespeare uses the male characters in his play to show the contrast in how men treat women. All the men portrayed have a different social hierarchy. This idea is clearly shown throughout the characters of Iago, Othello, and Cassio. The three women in the play also play a similar idea of all having different societal roles and different hierarchy status.
The play Othello is presented as a male-dominated society where women are only recognized as property; objects to own and to bear children. Women in the Elizabethan society and in Shakespeare society were not seen as equal to men and were expected to be loyal to their husbands, be respectful, and to not go against their husbands judgements or actions. Shakespeare presents Desdemona, Emilia , and Bianca as women in the Elizabethan time where they were judged based on their class, mortality, and intelligence. Shakespeare makes his female characters act the way they would be expected to act in an Elizabethan society. The role of these women in Othello is crucial because they show how women were treated and how unhealthy their relationships between men really were in both Elizabethan and Shakespeare's society.
Neely, Carol. "Women and Men in Othello" Critical Essays on Shakespeare’s Othello. Ed. Anthony G. Barthelemy Pub. Macmillan New York, NY 1994.