The landing at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915 is often given prominence in accounts of theGallipoli campaign. What other events or experiences of the campaign would you arguerequire more attention? Why?The landing at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915 is often considered the most important event of theGallipoli campaign of the First World War. Consequently, events and experiences that deserveequal or greater recognition are disregarded.The landing at Gallipoli marked the beginning of a crushing campaign. In the early morning of 25April 1915 ships carrying Australian and New Zealand soldiers arrived at the Gallipoli Peninsula.They were sent to prevent Turkey from threatening other Allied forces (Why did Anzacs land atGallipoli? n.d.). The Anzacs landed at two positions of the peninsula: Cape Helles and Ari Burnu.However, they had expected these regions to be much flatter. …show more content…
This caused them to be at adisadvantage, and their following efforts to secure considerable ground were met with fire andshelling from the Turkish, who were determined to ensure a meagre return for the Anzacs.
Thesum of Australian casualties on the first day amounted to 747, with 860 deaths occurringaltogether within the first five days (AWM, 2016). Further significance is given when in 1985, theTurkish Government honoured the arrival of the Anzacs by renaming Ari Burnu, ‘Anzac Cove’ (Awalk around 14 battlefield sites n.d.). However, the event lacked significance apart from markingthe beginning of the campaign, and more important occurrences followed.The battle of Lone Pine was a fine display of gallantry. The attack was planned to capture theforward trenches of the Turkish central stronghold. They hoped to convince the Turks to try torecapture lost ground, allowing time for the Allies to execute other attacks nearby. Given that thescheme was essentially a decoy, it is surprising that a large number of soldiers of differentnationalities were assembled to carry out the mission (McAnulty, 4 - 5 August,
1915). Thehorizon surrounding Turkish lines was symbolised by a pine tree that stood proudly on its own;this was a result of the Turks using pine branches from the area to cover their trenches. In theafternoon of August 6 the Allied forces successfully broke through and captured a fortified trench,drawing response from the Turks who indeed attempted to reclaim lost ground (Bravery Awardsat Gallipoli n.d.). A violent hand-to-hand battle ensued with substantial losses for both sides asreported by General Birdwood 'The boys went right through these Turkish works, and had regular hand tohand fights every yard. To show you the nature of the fighting I may mention that in one corner we came acrosseight Turks and six Australians, all dead, who had evidently fought it out man to man to the last.' (Birdwood’sreport on Lone Pine, quoted in Harvey Broadbent, The Boys Who Came Home: Recollections ofGallipoli, Sydney, 2000, p.92). In August, 2,666 Australian casualties occurred, making it thedeadliest month of the campaign. This battle alone amounted to over a third of August casualties,clearly outlining the substantial loss of men (AWM, 2016). Furthermore, seven Victoria Crosseswere awarded for acts of bravery within the battle. The pine trees also serve as a significantreminder of the battle. Several pine cones were brought to Australia from the war and werereplanted. One particular tree planted in 1934 still stands proudly at the Australian War Memorialin Canberra, possessing similar characteristics to those soldiers who would not give up (Smith, A2011). For these reasons, the battle is a valuable reminder of the men who showed outstandingcharacter in stepping forward to achieve success.The charge at The Nek was notable for the gratuitous manner in which lives were lost. On August7, Australian soldiers of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade were ordered to attack dominant Turkishtrenches positioned atop Hill 700. The attack began when an offshore destroyer ambushedYonatan Halawa Turkish lines. However, the opening move failed, alerting the Turks who readied men to fire backwith a machine gun. The first wave of Australian soldiers rushed into Turkish lines only to betragically eliminated within moments. The following wave of soldiers suffered the same fate andthe charge became a bloodbath. Calls to cancel the doomed attack were rejected by Major JohnAntill, who had taken over command of the 3rd Brigade (AWM n.d.). The remaining soldiersknew the charge was suicide but following orders they left behind loved ones, wrote their finalletters and said their final prayers before meeting their tragic demise. This horror is portrayedthrough the painting ‘The charge of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade at the Nek, 7 August1915’ (Lambert, 1924). The battle epitomises the failures and significant amount of casualtiesduring the Gallipoli campaign and the First World War in general.Despite the devastation of war, an experience of understanding was developed between opposingsides. The Turks launched a major counter-attack on May 19 but it failed at a cost of 3000 lives, anenormous figure (9jumpin, n.d.). No-mans-land was wholly occupied by the deceased bodies ofsoldiers for the following days. An armistice was necessary for both sides, and a Turkishrepresentative by the title Major Kemal Ohri was blindfolded and sent to Australian officials toarrange for it to happen (photographer unknown, AWM, A00843). Negotiations endedsuccessfully and a 9-hour armistice was agreed on for May 24. Soldiers were able to escape fromtheir trenches to identify and bury their dead, even going into no-mans-land to do so. TheAustralian and Turkish soldiers met one another and remarkably exchanged gifts, drinks andcigarettes like friends. A manifest feeling of peace and empathy during an extremely difficult timewas experienced (Australian Government 2009). This extraordinary connection between opposingsoldiers shone the bright light of humanity over a war-stricken period.The Anzacs who fought at Gallipoli are considered heroes, but that title is especially deserved fora stretcher bearer named John Simpson Kirkpatrick. He arrived at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915.With the assistance of a donkey known as Duffy, Simpson brought wounded soldiers to safetyfrom Monash Valley. Turkish bombs and bullets did not demoralise them in their exemplaryendeavours to rescue wounded Anzacs scattered around steep, rugged hills. Unfortunately, whilecarrying two wounded men Simpson was shot in the back by a Turkish machine-gun, dying at theage of 22. He was remembered by many Anzacs who fought at Gallipoli as a man of great honour,and his legacy continues to an inspiration. A simple yet powerful statue depicting Simpson andhis donkey assisting a wounded soldier is present at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra(AWM, n.d.). The courage and heart shown by the young man was a pure symbol of the Anzacspirit and should be remembered as a prominent experience of the Gallipoli campaign.The evacuation of Gallipoli was a triumphant success that drew the end of the Gallipoli campaign.Corporal Reginald Gardiner (1915) in a diary entry dated November 11, 1915 expressed thatwinter was recognised by all and snowfall was abundant. He wrote that most Australians had notexperienced the profoundly cold weather, or even the snow before, and were weakened severely.On November 13, Field Marshal Lord Kitchener, Commander in Chief of the British Army arrivedat Gallipoli to examine the situation of the campaign. He determined that the Anzac soldiersshould evacuate rather than stay involved in the war, acting upon the obvious risk of casualtiesand considerable loss of money (North Beach and the Sari Bair Range, 25 April–20 December1915 n.d.). This decision surprised the soldiers and those who received the news at home(Gardiner, 1915). The Anzacs used several techniques to deceive the Turks and thus minimise theloss of lives. They did not fire to signal that they were preparing for winter, and they often playedcricket to indicate that they planned to stay (Steel, M 2013). By 19 December every last AnzacYonatan Halawa managed to evacuate from Gallipoli completely under the radar of the Turks. The month ofevacuation proved to be the most successful of the campaign in terms of reducing Australiancasualties (AWM, 2016). The evacuation not only marked the end of the Gallipoli campaign butwas a quintessential execution of a plan that greatly contrasted the losses and failures thatoccurred.The landing at Gallipoli is often given prominence in reference of the Gallipoli campaign.However, several events or experiences should receive equal or greater attention. The battles ofLone Pine and The Nek and the efforts of John Simpson Kirkpatrick should be acknowledged asthe most prominent events of the Gallipoli campaign. The undeniable bravery and honour onshow accompanied with the catastrophic loss of lives during these experiences signify theirimportance as embodiments of the First World War.
The theme mateship is proven through the relationship between Frank and Archy and also Frank and his three other friends. In Gallipoli, Peter Weir explores the idea of mateship all throughout the movie. For the duration of the film he uses running to draw Frank and Archy together but also his motion picture is wholly based on the theme of mateship between the two, Archy and Frank. Additionally, mateship is shown not only through Frank and Archy but through Frank and his three friends Barney, Billy and Snowy. This essay will examine these issues to explain how mateship is proven throughout the film.
The Anzac spirit is not defined by any simple term; it is defined by the acts of valour and heroism of a person or group of Australians. The first Australian to be recognised with the highest award of bravery was Sir Neville Howse after the Boer war in South Africa (1900). The Highest medal available to troops, The Victorian Cross is awarded to a person who “in the presence of the enemy, displays the most conspicuous gallantry; a daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice; or extreme devotion to duty.” Howse was once again sent to fight for his country in World War 1 where he demonstrated his Australian clout for the second time in war. Howse demonstrated the Anzac attitude throughout his whole life leading him to things like serving as the Commonwealth Minister of Health. Howse demonstrated the values of someone worthy of the Victorian Cross through everything he did, thus allowing a spark of the soon to be dubbed Anzac spirit to be kindled and kept alight throughout the rest of Australian
The ANZAC Legend ANZAC stands for Australian and New Zealand Army Corps. The soldiers in those forces quickly became known as ANZACS, and the pride they soon took in that name endures to this day. The ANZAC legend began with the landing at Gallipoli on April 25 1915, signaling the start of the disastrous Dardanelles campaign on the Turk Peninsula. This campaign saw thousands of ANZAC fatalities before its conclusion in January 1916. Significantly, the ANZAC legend is the result of a devastating loss, rather than a great victory.
The Kokoda Battle occurred from the 21st July 1942 to 16th November in 1942, during World War II. It was a campaign which resulted in an aggressive fight between the Japanese and the Allies. I believe that, based on my research, the Kokoda Battle in World War II was a significant battle for Australians to a great extent. I believe this for three reasons: firstly, the battle was culturally significant to Australia: secondly, the battle was strategically significant to Australia: and thirdly, the battle was of military significance to Australia. I will argue that these reasons are three strong reasons.
Peter Weir re-created one of the biggest historical events in New Zealand through the tragic tale of Archy Hamilton, an innocent boy who lost his life in Gallipoli during 1915. The audience is emotionally weaved into the film by use of music, dialogue, tracking shots and close ups to create a climax of a despairing ending to the film Gallipoli. Courage was the main theme communicated by Weir throughout the film. The film exposes an underlying message for teenagers, to be brave in our everyday lives when wanting to achieve your goals
Here is a question — how did the ANZAC legend develop? The legend of Anzac was born on 25 April 1915, and was reaffirmed in eight months' fighting on Gallipoli. Although there was no military victory, the Australians displayed great courage, endurance, initiative, discipline, and mate-ship. Such qualities came to be seen as the Anzac spirit. The ANZAC book written and illustrated in Gallipoli by the men of Anzac —- The Anzac book became the finest “trench publication” produced during the Great War, and was an instant bestseller when first released in 1916. Created by soldiers under enemy fire and in extreme hardship, the illustrations, stories, cartoons, and poems were intended as a Christmas and New Year diversion for soldiers facing a harsh winter in the trenches on Gallipoli.
The Importance of Success of the Gallipoli Campagin It was important for the Gallipoli campaign to succeed for several important reasons. There were important military reasons, important political factors which had helped persuade the British and French cabinets to approve the plan and there were important personal reasons for those who planned and backed the campaign. There were many important military reasons for the campaign to succeed. The campaign made strategic sense because if successful it would break the military deadlock on the Western Front. It would also knock Turkey out of the war.
anzacday.org.au. (2000). Being a historian: Investigating the Battle of Long Tan. Retrieved May 29th, 2014, from anzacday.org.au: http://www.anzacday.org.au/education/activities/longtan/longtan01.html
The Gallipoli campaign was a military disaster but it is still one of the most important conflicts in which Australia was involved. On 25th April 1915 between 4:30 and 6:30 am the Gallipoli Peninsula was invaded by British, Australian and New Zealand forces. This was to start the long, hard weeks in which the troops were fighting for ground that the enemy controlled in Turkey. They were attempting to gain a supply route to Russia to aid them in repelling the German and Turkish soldiers from their country. I will be discussing the willingness of Australians to volunteer for the war effort and the love and respect they had for their Mother Country, England. I will also discuss how the young, naive soldiers arrived at war not knowing what warfare entailed. They were shocked by the conditions and casualties. I will also discuss the bravery that was shown by the ANZACS in the most dangerous conditions. I will conclude with my reasons of why the Gallipoli campaign holds such value and importance in Australian history and ideology.
The Australian Government has made many changes over the years to promote the memory of ANZAC Day. In regards to education, ¬¬¬programs included in schools were put in place whilst society’s view of ANZAC Day has also changed due to an emphasis in the community and wider media . Around 420,
In World War 1 (WW1), 1914-1918, Australian troops became involved in order to give support to the "Mother Country". Great Britain only became involved after Germany did not respect the neutrality of Belgium. In the first world war, Australian soldiers participated in some of the bloodiest and most enduring battles known to man, and soon developed a courageous name for themselves. Of the 330 000 Aussie soldiers who took part in WW1, there were 211 500 casualties and over 60 000 deaths, a casualty rate much higher than that of several other participants.
Peter Weir’s 1981 film Gallipoli can in every sense of the phrase be called an ‘Australian classic’. The impact and effect this film has had upon the psyche and perspective of several generations of Australians has been significant. Whilst it can be argued that every Australian is aware of the ANZAC legend, and the events that occurred on the Turkish beaches in 1915, Weir’s film encapsulates and embodies a cultural myth which is now propagated as fact and embraced as part of the contemporary Australian identity. The film projects a sense of Australian nationalism that grew out of the 1970’s, and focuses on what it ‘means’ to be an Australian in a post-colonial country. In this way Gallipoli embodies a sense of ‘Australian-ness’ through the depiction of mateship and through the stark contrast of Australia to Britain. A sense of the mythic Australia is further projected through the cinematic portrayal of the outback, and the way in which Australia is presented in isolation from the rest of the world. These features combined create not only a sense of nationalism, but also a mythology stemming from the ANZAC legend as depicted within the film.
In the world during the 19th century many wars marked history, people chose to die for their country and their religion. The two movies chosen were "No Man's Land" and "Gallipoli." The first movie was "No Man's Land" which took place in Bosnia, which was about the Serb-Bosnia conflict. The second movie was "Gallipoli" which took place in Austria, which was about the trench warfare in Gallipoli
One of Australia’s many brave soldiers from World War One (1914-1918) is John Simpson Kirkpatrick. His representation of the ANZAC spirt has made him one of the most remembered Australian solider and his legacy will never die.
as India. Not just as a threat of them taking them over but it would