Frogs

The two organisms discussed I this report are humans and Frogs. The Taxonomy of an organism includes kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Humans are classified by the kingdom animalia, phylum chordate, class mammalia, order primates, family hominidae, genus homo, and species homo sapiens. Frogs are classified as kingdom animalia, phylum chordate, and genus and species Rana pipens. A frogs habitat is usually spent on land for most of its adult life. However frogs reproduction and development must take place in water or in a moist place. Some adaptations frogs have that aid in their survival are having thin skin that contains mucus-secreting glands. Also they have two pairs of limbs, which can be used for swimming, jumping or walking.

The anatomy of a frog is very similar to the anatomy of humans. Both humans and frogs have the same kinds of organs and systems of organs. Digestion in a frog begins in the mouth. Although the frog has teeth, they are basically useless. The frogs tongue however is very important. Most of the time the tongue is folded back toward the throat. From here the frog is able to flick out the tongue very fast to catch its prey. The tongue is also very sticky. From the frogs mouth food passes into the stomach by the esophagus. From there the food moves into the small intestine. This is where most of the digestion takes place. There are large digestive glands, the liver and the pancreas, which are attached by ducts. Liquid wastes from the kidneys go through the ureters to the urinary bladder. Solid wastes from the large intestine go into the cloaca. Both the liquid and solid wastes leave the body through the cloaca. The digestive system in humans is much more complicated. In humans digestion beings in the mouth. Once food enters the mouth chewing and saliva starts to break it up and make it easier to swallow. Then the food goes down through the esophagus to the stomach. While in the stomach, contractions of the muscular wall continue to break down food mechanically. Chemical digestion continues when acid and enzymes are secreted into the stomach cavity. Then the food passes through the small intestine. Here enzymes from the pancreas complete the chemical part of digestion. Fat is digested with bile. Bile is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. Whatever is left of the food, mo...

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...per’s glands mix with sperm to form semen. Each testis made up of small, coiled tubes called the somniferous tubules. From there, the immature sperm pass through the epididymis, which is a storage area on the upper rear part of each testis. The vas deferens is a tube that leads upward from each testis into the lower part of the abdomen. The two vas deferens empty into the urethra. The female reproductive system is somewhat like that of the frogs. In the female reproductive system the ovaries produce the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone. In the ovaries eggs mature in the follicles. Fertilization may occur when the follicle breaks and the egg is released into the oviduct.

Locomotion in the frog is similar to that of locomotion in humans. Frogs use jointed appendages. The frog’s legs are extremely muscular are sometimes compared to human arms. Unlike the human, a frog only has four fingers, which are webbed together. They are webbed together because they often have to get around through the water. The webbed feature allows for easy swimming. A frog uses all four appendages to get around. Usually by hopping. A human only uses two, their legs.