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Essays on french culture
Conclusion of france culture
Essay on french culture
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French Striking Behaviour
Thought this particular behaviour, the project will be an in-depth analysis of this aspect of French culture.
The project will be carried out through independent researches, comparison with another culture, American culture, and using the concepts and tools discussed in the module.
In the first part, I will explain French culture in general.
Then, in a second part, I will describe the phenomena and behaviour of going on strike in France.
Then we will discuss the traditional aspect of striking in France.
We will then analyse the striking behaviour using ‘theoretical’ concepts and tools.
Finally, in the last part, I will explain how I organised my work and how I carried out my research project, including the methods I used to achieve it.
1/ French culture in general customs and etiquette
A/ French etiquette
France is a Western Europe located country. Its capital is Paris and it has 60 millions inhabitants. The official language is French and is spoken by 88% of the population. The rest of the population speaks dialects which have no legal status.
France is family oriented country. Indeed family values like marriage for instance are very important. Friendship is also important and a friend has the duty to be available and thus imply habitual contacts.
When you meet people, the common greeting is to shake hands. If you are meeting friends you may kiss on each cheek. First name is used only for family and friends.
B/ Business
In Business environment people are formal and polite. Business is done through trust and respect. The way French persons talk or write is often related to their social status, education level, and which part of the country they have been educated. When you do business it is very important to build a network for future alliances and trust. There is a high power distance as you don’t talk to your manager directly; you need to go through hierarchy. You won’t share the same office as somebody higher in the hierarchy than you. Meeting your supervisors in your free time is also very unusual.
C/ Values and society
French are highly individualist people as they are self interest. If they find a better paid job for example they won’t hesitate to leave their company. They are not used to share flats, cars, TV…
However, it is a feminity society with a strong welfare. Everybody on the Left and many people on the Right are very attached to the so-called French "modèle social" (social model) ; for them, it means free or moderately priced in public sectors such as health and education, a higher compensation for unemployed people, a minimum income for all (RMI), etc.
McQuillan, Aidan. “Des chemins divergents: les Irlandais et les Canadiens francais au XIXe siècle.” ed. Wadell, Eric. “Le dialogue avec les cultures minoritaires.” Ste-Foy, QC: Les Presses De L'Université Laval 1990.
In addition, France proves to be a haven for interracial relationships as well. As seen in Another Country, the French society does not frown upon relationship between the races.
In response to the question set, I will go into detail of the study, consisting of the background, main hypotheses, as well the aims, procedure and results gathered from the study; explaining the four research methods chosen to investigate, furthering into the three methods actually tested.
The citizens of France, inspired by the enlightenment, desired a government run by the people. Marquis de Lafayette wrote, “Men are born and remain free and equal in rights; social distinctions may be based only upon general usefulness” (de Lafayette 783). The French wanted to bring equality to all classes. The French revolution brought much more social change than the American revolution. Inspired by Lafayette’s declaration that, “no group, no individual may exercise authority not emanating expressly therefrom” (de Lafayette 783), the class system was destroyed. The revolutionaries were open to ending slavery, however women remained marginalized within the social structure of France. Similarly to the American revolution, the enlightenment ideas that drove the French revolution were not applied to society as a
William H. Sewell, Jr.’s Work and Revolution in France: The Language of Labor from the Old Regime to 1848 (1980) is a qualitative analysis of the French labor movement, sweeping three radical revolutionary eras: 1790’s, 1830’s, and 1850’s. Sewell’s strategy encompasses “aggregating and analyzing” (1980: 5) events that would generally be considered the banal factional struggles and encounters of individual French workers. He amasses these facts into a macro-history of the workers’ plight to class-consciousness from the ancien regime to the repressive post-revolutionary era of 1850’s. Sewell frames his historical analysis within the context of the way the workers’ movement utilized the evolving rhetoric to advocate their pro-rights agenda. He performs a stringent investigation on the progression and determination of the use of specific terminology, focusing his lens on how concepts of culture (i.e., ideas, beliefs, and behaviors) aid in shifts of existing structures.
Each social class in France has its own reasons for wanting a change in government. The aristocracy was upset by the king’s power, while the Bourgeoisie was upset by the privileges of the aristocracy. The peasants and urban workers were upset by their burdensome existence. The rigid, unjust social structure meant that citizens were looking for change because “all social classes.had become uncomfortable and unhappy with the status quo.” (Nardo, 13)
Formal greeting calls for a prolonged handshake with the left hand to support the right arm and direct eye contact to show respect
Compared to other countries, France’s economy is the fourth largest in the world. France is a very industrialized nation, yet it has kept some of the cultural characteristics that contribute to its old-world charm. The economy is “exceptionally diversified” (“Economic Structure”, 1). It produces everything from aircrafts to pharmaceuticals.
Each culture has its own distinct dialects, their own way of expressing how each society see’s the world. The language gives clues about what is important to the culture. Spoken French in Canada is distinct from the same language spoken in France. One of the differences is the profanity or swearwords spoken in French Canada. These words are the Sacres. This spoken profanity gives evidence to what the values of this society are because; the words are connected to their religious beliefs, pay tribute to their French roots, and highlight creativity in spoken language.
First it is important to understand the French economy during the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The working class people were struggling with their need to get by in life and feed their family and the internal call to make a choice and gain equality. The problem was that the proletariats did not have much of a choice at the time because if they did not work then they did not survive. The struggling class had to agree to what all the owners said and “whatever their status, the peasants continued to pay to their lord feudal dues on such land as they held on his estates." 2 It was clear that a social change was needed since the workers were being so abused and getting no reward for their efforts.
They also take the time to prepare the food, and then sit down and eat it socially. As a result of meals being “events” or “celebrations”, they eat slower and enjoy their food. In America, people often eat on-the-go (in their car, while walking, etc.) so food is consumed quickly which makes it easier to overeat. Therefore, the French eat less food in a longer period of time, which allows them to take pleasure in their meal. Another French custom is to always eat at the same time of day, which limits the amount of control a person has on when they eat - this is controlled by the
The social differences in France were very unreasonable. People openly argued that “social differences should not be defined by law, as they were in the old regimes order” (2). In France, much of the inequality came from the social class system. It led to angry peasants and tons of revolting. This could have been avoided if France maintained equality for all estates, as it would have been rational. In addition, the clergy and nobles were given many rights which “included top jobs in government, the army, the courts, and the Church” (109). This was very biased as they were able to get the highest jobs, not because they earned it, but because of their social stature. Meanwhile, commoners or bourgeoisie, were not granted those jobs even if they had the ability to do them. This caused much of the third estate to become mad which led to uncivilized manner in France. If the government had just given equal rights and granted jobs by merit opposed to social class rankings, there would have been less drama between the estates and everything would have been
The French welfare system is complex and covers a wide variety of topics, from minimum wage to taxation systems to family benefits. The United States’ welfare system is not any less complex, and has similarities to Frances, but also has key differences. France has the idea that their system is more democratic than the United States’, but it can be difficult to determine with so many different parts to the system. There are also things that each county could learn from the other that would improve the status of their social welfare sytem.
The French culture is known worldwide by its arts and lifestyle. There are many countries in Europe, South America and African are influence by the French culture not just the US. First we have artists like Nicolas Poussin and Louise Moillon who develop a more advance art style. Next is Michel de Montaigne a French philosopher that made essays and writes about the brain advances literature worldwide. They have beautiful architecture and garden, for example The Palace of Versailles and Hall of Mirrors. Third haute couture talk about the high fashion of France spread through Europe and change fashion. Finally, cuisine the evolutionary of food in France and food we still eat today. These are the people and art we owe the French from its culture
The French are all about preserving their culture and being individualized. They often take great pride in the French products and the French style, and believe in keeping the French culture “pure” so they also limit the amount of foreign goods that are being imported. But during the World Wars the French began to allow foreigners to immigrate into France to take jobs due to an increase in job shortages. The immigration from the World Wars added to the diversity of the French culture. Ever since the 1850’s there has been a steady flow of immigration into France, and now nine percent of the French population is made up of immigrants (Gofen 62). The break down of the cultures in France is eighty-five percent of the French population is Roman Catholic, eight percent Muslim, two percent Protestants, and one percent Jewish. From 1801-1905, Roman Catholicism was the man religion in France and bishops and priests were being paid by the government to be state officials. But this was broken in 1905 (“France” 460). The current debate in France is the banning of religious symbols in public school systems. An example of a religious symbol being banned is headscarves. Headscarves have been banned since 2004, but the French do not allow ANY religious symbols in public school systems (“In Knots”) France should not continue to ban the wearing of religious symbols in public school systems because since the World Wars France began to allow foreigners to immigrate into France, in the United States there are no laws restricting the wearing of religious symbols, and important French figures have had foreign parents.