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Essay of the coming of democracy in south africa
Charter of rights and freedom
Charter of rights and freedom
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Introduction
The Freedom Charter as was adopted on 26 June 1955 at the congress of the people, was a statement of the core principles of the South African congress alliance (www.ANC.org.za). It had a demand the people shall govern and this was its core value amongst which it was founded (www.ANC.org.za), all the injustices of the past were to be corrected by the pledge in the Freedom Charter. However, today 20 years after democracy little has been done to achieve what is found in the Freedom Charter, which is why there has developed a debate as to whether be it still relevant, given the direction which South Africa is moving in. according to Naude (2012) the Freedom Charter would have been turning fifty eight and more years this year and ever since there have been problems with it, it is the purpose of this paper to deal with the Freedom Charter by focusing on its relevance today and as to whether South Africa has abandoned the Freedom Charter. This paper is a result of the argument that is present about the Charter and seeks to answer the above mentioned question, one will show the appropriateness of the research topic in today’s South Africa since it cannot be doubted that academics have a huge role to play in the society by formulating arguments and give clarities where necessary. Through the use of sub-headings the paper will illustrate and backup the argument, which the paper will position it to it. Firstly one will look at what the document is why it is important, whether it is still relevant together with its objectives and at a later stage one will critically evaluate the findings of this paper in order to see if the paper met its objectives. This paper shall adopt qualitative and quantitative methods where necessary.
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...M., 2012. “Freedom Charter Sold out the dispossessed”, (Sowetan live) viewed, 2 February 2012, from http://www.sowetanlive.co.za/columnists/2012/02/02/freedom-charter-sold-out-the-dispossessed
Southall, R., 2001. Opposition and Democracy in South Africa. Frank Cass Publishers. Pp260-261.
Sphiro I and Tebeau K., 2011. After Apartheid: Reinventing South Africa. University of Virginia Press.
NUMSA. ANC has abandoned the Freedom Charter. Viewed 20 December 2014, from http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/politics?ANC-has-abandoned-the-Freedom-Charter-NUMSA www.ANC.org.za Office of the Presedency 2014. Twenty year review 1994-2014. From http://thepresidency-dpme.gov.za/news/pages/20-year-Review.aspx www.eff.co.za I.S RADEBE
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SOCIOLOGY 700 ASSIGNMENT.
TOPIC:
The relevance of the Freedom Charter today: Is South Africa shifting its focus from the Freedom Charter?
Moreover, although no powers or rights have been explicitly ‘reserved’ to the people, supporters of the charter nevertheless appear to give Canadians hope that the possibility may exist. COMPARISON OF BILL OF RIGHTS AND THE CANADIAN CHARTER... ... middle of paper ... ...
Alexander, N, (2002) “’Race’ and class in South Africa historiography: An overview”, An ordinary country, Scottvile: University of Natal Press.
...f South African language and culture, acknowledgement of the racial oppression in South Africa, past and present, that it was wrong and positive action is required to make it right, and finally that all South Africans are legitimate and enjoy full moral equality (“About – DA”). In order for all this to be possible, the state must ensure it does not compromise the freedom of the individual (“About – DA”).
In a world that is hungry for heroes and leaders to rise and speak up for the weak, there will only be a few people who will step up and take on that role. Nelson Mandela’s autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom, is an Alan Paton Award winning book that speaks of the struggles of an influential leader who faced adversity in the early 1900’s, while trying to gain freedom from his own demons and for the African people whose voice had been oppressed by their government. The idea expressed throughout the Mandela’s work is that the struggle for freedom is never over. Thus, freedom is not only for the oppressed, but for the oppressors too, and to achieve this, one must take a long walk to freedom just as Nelson Mandela did for his people and South Africa.
Massey, Douglas A. and Nancy A. Denton. American Apartheid. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was enacted under the Pierre Trudeau government on April 17, 1982. According to Phillip Bryden, “With the entrenchment of the Charter into the Canadian Constitution, Canadians were not only given an explicit definition of their rights, but the courts were empowered to rule on the constitutionality of government legislation” (101). Prior to 1982, Canada’s central constitutional document was the British North America Act of 1867. According to Kallen, “The BNA Act (the Constitution Act, 1867) makes no explicit reference to human rights” (240). The adoption of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms significantly transformed the operation of Canada’s political system. Presently, Canadians define their needs and complaints in human rights terms. Bryden states, “More and more, interest groups and minorities are turning to the courts, rather than the usual political processes, to make their grievances heard” (101). Since it’s inception in 1982 the Charter has become a very debatable issue. A strong support for the Charter remains, but there also has been much criticism toward the Charter. Academic critics of the Charter such as Robert Martin believe that the Charter is doing more harm than good, and is essentially antidemocratic and UN-Canadian. I believe that Parliament’s involvement in implementing the Charter is antidemocratic, although, the Charter itself represents a democratic document. Parliament’s involvement in implementing the Charter is antidemocratic because the power of the executive is enhanced at the expense of Parliament, and the power of the judiciary is enhanced at the expense of elected officials, although, the notwithstanding clause continues to provide Parliament with a check on...
The United States rests upon a foundation of freedom, where its citizens can enjoy many civil liberties as the result of decades of colonial struggles. However, African Americans did not achieve freedom concurrently with whites, revealing a contradiction within the “nation of liberty”. It has been stated that "For whites, freedom, no matter how defined, was a given, a birthright to be defended. For African Americans, it was an open-ended process, a transformation of every aspect of their lives and of the society and culture that had sustained slavery in the first place." African Americans gained freedom through the changing economic nature of slavery and historical events like the Haitian Revolution policies, whereas whites received freedom
Freedom is having the right to own, act, think, and speak without any restrictions from the outside. Ever since the New World was discovered, people have been fighting for their independence till this day. People of other colors and race have been forced to do labor without their consent. Today, those same people have been blamed or accused of crimes that were not committed by them despite of being free. Freedom has different meanings and those meanings change overtime; however sometimes the significance of freedom does not change.
The Charter of Rights and Freedoms has fundamentally shaped Canadian society since its inception through the Constitution Act of 1982. Promising egalitarian, linguistic, religious as well as other basic rights, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms is one of the primary doctrines in which Canadian law is founded upon. Many have argued that the advent of the Charter has transformed Canadian society into one that is preoccupied with that of rights. The rise in social movements, specifically in areas of women’s rights, indigenous rights and homosexual rights, are indicative of this. The Charter has created a divide amongst those who believe that this rise in a “rights culture” is ultimately beneficial if not necessary for Canadian society, especially in preserving the voices of the marginalized citizenry who until recently remained invisible in the eyes of parliament, and those who believe that Canada as nation has become preoccupied with preserving the right of gays, lesbians, women and other minority groups that it has sacrificed its majoritarian values. The word preoccupation, especially used in this context, holds a negative connotation suggesting some sort of obsession, and to describe Canada as a nation “preoccupied” with rights is an overstatement. Canada’s recent Charter revolution has often been seen as a means by which minority groups enact their own changes which may or may not be seen as desirable by a majority of people. However, because the Charter is important in preserving the rights of marginalized or minority groups, this can ultimately be beneficial for those whose world views have historically been persecuted. The subsequent paragraphs will further discuss how Canada’s recent Charter revolution has transformed Canada...
The End of Apartheid - HistoryWiz South Africa. (n.d.). HistoryWiz: for students, teachers and lovers of history. Retrieved February 19, 2011, from http://www.historywiz.org/end.htm
Coster, P., & Woolf, A. (Eds.).(2011). World book: South Africa’s Anti-Apartheid Movement, (pp. 56-57). Arcturus Publishers: Chicago.
John Dugard, Nicholas Haysom and Gilbert Marcus. (1992).The Last Years of Apartheid: Civil Liberties in South Africa. New York: Ford Foundation
...ellent policies, 5) the Constitution had come into existence through the working together of various groups that had composed South Africa, 6) South Africa's political and economic institutions are well established, 7) and that South Africa is by far the most developed country in Africa. However, there are still avenues that can impede further progress, more so economically then politically. Primarily the lack of foreign investment, especially when South Africa's gold and diamond reserves are emptied as other parts of economy are not as developed. Secondly, the economic gap between whites and blacks that was stretched during the time of apartheid needs to be tightened or else it could become dangerous to the stability of the political system. However, due to the leadership of Nelson Mandela, South Africa’s current government structure exists to solve these issues.
Dr. Alex Borraine once said, “ I still believe that goodness and beauty, compassion and new beginnings, can triumph over the evil which seems to be all-persuasive.” Archbishop Desmond Tutu is an incredibly controversial man, with this being said his speech at Stellenbosch in August 2011 made headlines around the world. His speech was about the fact that the white population, being the beneficiaries of the apartheid system, should pay a “wealth tax”. This caused heavy debate within our country and therefore the main topic that will be addressed in this essay. Specific reference will be made to transformative constitutionalism and whether this “wealth tax” would be constitutional within our country.
I was treated well in prison; security guards grew a certain respect for me. I decided not to waste my time, so I informed my cellmates about the apartheid, and their horrible laws. They listened attentively, and wanted to help, so together we organized hunger strikes and protests. After 27 years, on February 11, 1990 I was released from jail. I could’ve got out of jail in 1985, P.W. Botha offered me a release but only if I would stop the armed conflict. Without a doubt, I chose to stay in prison because I believed that the right thing to do was to put an end to apartheid. P.W. Botha was an evil man, he committed to state terrorism and to thwart black majority rule. He had a stroke in 1989 and Frederick Willem replaced Botha. Frederick on the other hand, was the complete opposite of Botha. He set me free from jail.”