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Ghouls, Ghosts, and Goblins! All fictional characters we enjoy being entertained, and even frightened by in classic horror films… but what about literature? When you first hear the word gothic, what do you think of? What images come to mind and why? Now think about Gothic literature, do the same images and characteristics come to mind? I’m going to dive deeper into the elements and characteristics of the gothic literature, and explore exactly how the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley is in fact, a Gothic Fiction novel.
Traits of Both Horrific and Romantic Literature can be found in the novel Frankenstein. Gothic literature can be defined as stories that combine elements of romanticism and horror. Frankenstein does so almost seamlessly. Traits of romanticism that the novel possesses include the power of nature over human works and the individual vs. society. When Victor Frankenstein was in the presence of rage and fear due to his creation of the monster Frankenstein; the serenity of the Appalachian mountains is what kept victor sane and provided him with a sense of peace. When the monster Frankenstein made his appearance in society, he receives a highly negative reaction, so he goes to nature to immerse himself in the quietness of nature to calm him. On page 76. Of Frankenstein he says... “Dear mountains! My own beautiful lake!” Frankenstein's negative emotions begins to
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The fact that he is a creation made of dead parts if inarguably horrific. The presence of both romanticism and horror in Shelley’s novel makes the genre of Frankenstein Gothic. Gothic literature is characterized as being mysterious, suspenseful, somber, dark, and melodramatic. All of which are characteristics found in the novel
The setting in Frankenstein is vivid and on the opposite ends of the spectrum to the setting in the poem A Cottage in Grasmere Vale. In Frankenstein, the novel is bookended by the setting as it starts off in the Arctic and also ends in the Arctic. These two settings, are in contrast as in A Cottage in Grasmere Vale the setting is scenic ‘Peaceful our valley, fair and green, and beautiful her cottages’ and in Frankenstein the setting is described as ‘those icy climes’ Shelley uses nature to represent Dante’s inferno and the ninth innermost circle of hell, the ninth circle of hell is for people who have betrayed god which is what Victor does by trying to change nature, and the setting is in the Arctic, surrounded in ice. Victor is fascinated with
Using gothic conventions Frankenstein explores Mary Shelley’s personal views on the scientific developments, moral and economical issues that occurred during the 19th century and Shelley’s personal emotions and questions regarding her life. As an educated person, Mary Shelley had an interest in the development of the world such as political and moral issues and she challenged these issues in the novel.
The literary elements of remote and desolate settings, a metonymy of gloom and horror, and women in distress, clearly show “Frankenstein” to be a Gothic Romantic work. Mary Shelley used this writing style to effectively allow the reader to feel Victor Frankenstein’s regret and wretchedness. In writing “Frankenstein” Mary Shelley wrote one the most popular Gothic Romantic novels of all time.
Critic Mark Edmunson calls Gothic literature “the art of haunting”, adding that “Gothic shows that life, even at it’s most ostensibly innocent, is possessed, that the present is in thrall to the past. All are guilty; all will, in time, pay the price. And Gothic should also possess the reader; scare him, so he can think of nothing else. He has to read it--or see it--again and again to achieve some peace.” Edmunson quotes Chris Baldick, author of a book on the Frankenstein myth, that Gothic literature "should combine a fearful sense of inheritance in time with a claustrophobic sense of enclosure in space, these two dimensions reinforcing one another to produce an impression of sickening descent into disintegration” (Edmunson, p. 48).
The definition of the Horror genre differs completely to the Gothic genre. This idea of how the Gothic novel transformed from various architectures based around impending castles and morality tales, to the idea of monsters, fear, and repugnance. Therefore, it is interesting to notice the change from how the genre has developed from arguably the 17th century to the 20th century, where vampires, werewolf’s, and other monsters are very popular with teen audiences especially.
Gothic literature was developed during the eighteenth and nineteenth century of the Gothic era when war and controversy was too common. It received its name after the Gothic architecture that was becoming a popular trend in the construction of buildings. As the buildings of daunting castles and labyrinths began, so did the beginning foundation of Gothic literature. The construction of these buildings will later become an obsession with Gothic authors. For about 300 years before the Renaissance period, the construction of these castles and labyrinths continued, not only in England, but also in Gothic stories (Landau 2014). Many wars and controversies, such as the Industrial Revolution and Revolutionary War, were happening at this time, causing the Gothic literature to thrive (“Gothic Literature” 2011). People were looking for an escape from the real world and the thrill that Gothic literature offered was exactly what they needed. Gothic literature focuses on the horrors and the dark sides to the human brain, such as in Mary Shelley’s book Frankenstein. Gothic literature today, as well as in the past, has been able to separate itself apart from other types of literature with its unique literary devices used to create fear and terror within the reader.
The term ‘Gothic’ conjures a range of possible meanings, definitions and associations. It explicitly denotes certain historical and cultural phenomena. Gothicism was part of the Romantic Movement that started in the eighteenth century and lasted about three decades into the nineteenth century. For this essay, the definition of Gothic that is applicable is: An 18th century literary style characterized by gloom and the supernatural. In the Gothic novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, a wide range of issues are explored. Frankenstein represents an entirely new vision of the female Gothic, along with many other traditional themes such as religion, science, colonialism and myth.
Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, follows the conquest of Victor Frankenstein, as he brings the dead to life, and then portrays his guilt and shame for creating such a thing. The monster seeks revenge on his creator’s family when he grasps that he will never be accepted by mankind. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a gothic novel that utilizes several different romantic themes, such as individualism and alienation, glorification of the ordinary, and the supernatural.
In the examination of Northanger Abbey and Frankenstein one comes to very different conclusions as to why their authors used gothic elements. The two authors had very different purposes for their stories. Powerful emotions are often an element of gothic literature as it was a genre that took Romanticism to excessive extents. While Austen used this gothic element to satirize the gothic novel, Shelley used it to display a deeper point about the evils of ambition. Both authors exhibited characters severe emotions to show the importance of rationality instead of extremes, but ultimately had a different purpose in presenting this view.
As one of the first gothic novels Frankenstein explores the darker side of human nature, ambitions, and the human mind.
Frankenstein by Mary Shelley is a gothic science fiction novel written in the romantic era that focuses on the elements of life. The romantic era was sparked by the changing social environment, including the industrial revolution. It was a form of revolt against the scientific revolutions of the era by developing a form of literature that romanticize nature and giving nature godliness. This element of romanticized nature is a recurrent element in Frankenstein and is used to reflect emotions, as a place for relaxation and as foreshadowing. Frankenstein also includes various other elements of romanticism including strong emotions and interest in the common people.
Monsters are often present in gothic novels; especially in those that combine horror and romance. A monster will be the cause of individual characters fears. Frankenstein can be linked to this genre in many ways, the most obvious link being the horror element of the story. The thought of someone created from dead flesh would have been a horrific thought back then and still would be now, also Victor playing god would have been considered terrible back then “A new species would bless me as its creator” the 1800’s were still very religious times and trying to create life artificially would have been condemned by religious people.
As can be seen Frankenstein utilises many of the conventions of the gothic genre and can thus be considered a gothic novel. Its links to the Romantic movement are also evident. The stereotypical settings, characters and plots, interest in the sublime, emphasis on suspense, the production of excessive emotion in the reader ( particularly that of terror and horror), the presence of the supernatural and the notion of the ’double’ are all features of Frankenstein that illustrate this.
The way that Dr. Frankenstein collects the body parts in mysterious circumstances help bring out the gothic of the novel. Most of Dr. Frankenstein thoughts were gothic and dark. When he was truly at awe was when he was experiencing the beauty of nature. “But I did not feel the inconvenience of the weather; my imagination was busy in scenes of evil and despair. I considered the being whom I had cast among mankind, and endowed with the will and power to effect purposes of horror, such as the deed which he had now done, nearly in the light of my own vampire, my own spirit let loose from the grave, and forced to destroy all that was dear to me.”(Dr.Frakenstein, cha 7
The Gothic genre, or otherwise known as a Gothic romance, was a popular form of literature during the time that Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein. Mary Shelley used the Gothic genre of Romantic literature in the writing of the novel Frankenstein. She a may have even been influenced by the Gothic structure, Castle Frankenstein, to write the Gothic novel Frankenstein (Williams 3). Gothic novels were a type of fiction that became popular in England during the 1700’s and early 1800’s (Dunn 279). Gothic novels were mysteries that often involved the supernatural and heavily filled with horror (?). Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein was one of the most prominent Gothic novels in the time of the Romantics (?). According to Frank J. Dunn, “In the 1800’s, elements of the Gothic novel appeared in other forms of fiction that shared its interest in the terrible and the exotic (279).” Gothic novels follow a set of many characteristics and aspects that help define what it truly is. Gothic novels have many different characteristics: they evoke terror both physical and psychological, they have character that keep themselves isolated in time or space from contemporary l...