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"You can't get water out of stone," goes the old saying and maybe you can't, but you can get oil and natural gas out of stone with a dangerous practice called fracking. "Fracking is a technique to extract petroleum and natural gas from underground rock formations" (ProQuest). According to Ellen Gilliland, a geophysicist and researcher at Virginia Center for Coal and Energy research, fracking is one of the most controversial practices in the energy industry to develop oil and gas reserves (Gilliland). Kathleen Hartnett, a Harvard graduate, has discovered that fracking causes many environmental concerns such as contamination of drinking water, waste water pollution of rivers, groundwater depletion, air emissions of toxic pollutants, radiation, and even earthquakes (Hartnett). Fracking should not be continued due to the risks it causes to the environment such as damaging property, contaminating water, and polluting the air.
Although supporters say if fracking is properly regulated, it is safe and changes to the landscape would be minor. Fracking causes much damage to property as stated in the article "Fracking Faces Opposition Amid Safety Fears" (Adam). Charles Piddock, author of National Geographic Investigates, states that fracking can cause earthquakes. "A dozen small earthquakes that struck Ohio in 2011 were likely caused by fracking" (Piddock). There are also many landscape issues involving fracking. Each fracking site needs a lot of trucks to transport water and sand in and out to carry waste water away. Traffic wears down roads and the trucks used cause noise and odors that are harmful to the environment (Hartnett). Fracking is considered I obtainable and is largely responsible for recent development of unconventional reserv...
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...rla. "In Britain, Fracking Faces Opposition Amid Safety Fears." Washington Post. 03
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Brune, Michael. "An Industry Run Amok." USA TODAY. 26 March. 2012: A.8. SIRS Issue
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Fox, Josh. "Ban Fracking Now." USA TODAY. 07 Jun. 2011: A.8. SIRS Issues Researcher.
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Gilliland, Ellen. "Fracking' Can Access Energy From Deep Below." McClathy-Tribune News
Service. 09 Jun. 2012: n.p. SIRS Researcher. Web. 12 Feb. 2014.
Hartnett White, Kathleen. "The Fracas about Fracking." National Review. 20 Jun. 2011: 38-41.
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Piddock, Charles. "Fracking Fight." Junior Scholastic. 15. Apr. 2013: 8t. SIRS Discovery Web.
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In today's global economy, energy is one of the most crucial and sought after commodities. Who supplies it and how much they supply determines how much influence they have over other countries as well as the global economy. This is why hydraulic fracturing is currently such an important and controversial topic in the United States. Hydraulic fracturing, more commonly known as "fracking" or hydrofracturing, is the process of using pressurized liquids to fracture rocks and release hydrocarbons such as shale gas, which burns more efficiently than coal. This booming process of energy production provides a much needed economic boost, creating jobs and providing gas energy for Americans. The efficiently burning shale gas reduces carbon emission from electricity production plants, reducing carbon footprints on the environment. However, the process of hydraulic fracturing uses millions of gallons of pressurized liquid, which contains toxic chemicals, and some of this water is left over undealt with. The air near fracking sites is often also polluted and unsafe for nearby community residents. Injecting millions of gallons of water laced with toxic chemicals into the rock thousands of feet deep can cause earthquakes, causing a safety hazards for all nearby areas. Hydraulic Fracturing makes rare natural gases easily attainable, boosting the economy and reducing carbon emissions. However, the negative side effects such as contaminated water and air, make hydraulic fracturing a process that may not be worth the benefits.
Hydraulic fracturing, also commonly referred to as fracking, is a type of drilling for natural gas and oil that started in the 1940’s. In the beginning, when a well was slowing down, dynamite or TNT were placed inside the well head and detonated to help the flow of gas and oil by expanding natural cracks and veins in the earth. This method of fracking was used extensively for almost fifty years in the United States until the easy to mine and profitable oil had been almost completely tapped. A new form of hydraulic fracking was created in the early 90’s to help capture the less available oil and gas pockets remaining in the United States. The current method of fracking begins by drilling a vertical shaft lined with several piping layers and an outer layer of cement up to 10,000 feet deep. After achieving the appropriate vertical length a horizontal shaft is cut off of the vertical shaft that can stretch to lengths up to one mile long. A mixture of sand, water, and chemicals are injected in the shaft fracturing the shale formations and release pockets of oil and natural gas. The water is brought back to the surface where the gas and oil is separated out. The issue many people have with fracking is the possible side effects of chemicals used and water contamination. With the use of fracking helping American’s reach energy independence, economic benefits, and a bridge to help attain a clean energy source; fracking should be expanded in the United States.
Fracking can cause harm to people, animals, and nature. When they drill into the ground they are pumping chemicals to extract the gas and oil, and this contaminates the water sources around it. “An editorial on gas extraction from the Marcellus Shale in the Post-Star, a newspaper in Glens Falls, New York, contends, “New York state simply can’t take the risk. There are plenty of places to find fuel. It’s not so easy to find a new water supply for 17 million people.”” (Hydrofracking
Fracking has a detrimental effect on the surrounding environment through pollution and earthquakes. Fracking is the process of extracting natural gas from layers of shale rock deep within the earth. One of the world’s largest plays of natural gas is in the Marcellus Shale, located in the Appalachian basin and extends across New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, eastern Ohio and portions of Kentucky and Tennessee. The “plays” are areas where companies are actively looking for natural gas inside shale rock formations. Plays are drilled for natural gas by hydraulic fracturing in a two step process.
“Hydraulic fracturing involves the use of water pressure to create fractures in rock that allow the oil and natural gas it contains to escape and flow out of a well (Energy From Shale).” Fracking has served to extract natural gas and oil where other methods would not be as successful but many environmentalists argue that fracking is affecting the environment and our drinking supply of water. Although fracking is still a controversial topic, it provides Americans jobs, increases the economy of the region, and the natural gas and oil are cleaner and more affordable source of energy. The EPA recognizes that natural gas and oil are an essential part to help our planet survive but do not want fracking to come at an expense to the public health of the citizens or to the environment.
Conflicting reports make it difficult to discern just how detrimental the practice is to the environment and people. What is known is that fracking uses phenomenal amounts of water, which is becoming a scarce resource in many parts of the country. There is no doubt that the fluid used in the fracking process contains chemicals, and when released into water supplies has negative effects on these sources. Injection of flowback materials into deep wells has been definitively linked to increased seismic activity. Damage to roads due to the high traffic of trucks shipping equipment and product is astronomical. Worldwide, four countries have outright banned the practice and others are waiting for more research to be done before they continue to allow it. A few states know the devastating side effects that come with the practice, and have banned hydraulic fracturing. While there is no doubt that fracking can produce resources that are used by Americans, there is a lot of doubt as to whether it is safe or not. Hopefully, the country will follow those that have banned the practice, and adopt other safer forms of energy
Environmental and socioeconomic debate over an alternative method of extracting natural gas thousands of feet below the surface using horizontal drilling and hydraulic “fracking” has risen in last twenty years. Fracking is the technique of drilling deep wells under high pressure with sand, water and a variety of chemicals to crack open rocks to release natural gas (hydrogen carbons) and oil from shale or coal bed methane deposits. Townships in Colorado like Lafayette and Fort Collins, voted on a moratorium to ban fracking within city limits. Environmental organizations like the Clean Water Action and Sierra Club claim that that fracking causes environmental degradation, health issues and impacts negatively on communities and their infrastructure. Whereas organizations like the Colorado Oil and Gas Association (COGA), Halliburton and other oil and gas industry and construction groups, and some local, state and federal politicians, claim that fracking is a safe method of onshore drilling. By burning natural gas which is considered a clean fuel reduces the amount of greenhouse gases that coal does as well as lower carbon energy use in the future. Fracking decrease dependence on foreign oil and gas, improves ability to generate electricity and heat home cheaply. Fracking supports local economies and provides much needed jobs (energyfromshale.org).
When a fracking project is completed, the fluids (and wastewater that comes back up the well) have to be disposed of somewhere. What do they do with it? They pump it back into disposal wells deep into the ground, which causes the pressure to build-up. According to www.kibin.com, on November 6, 2011 a 5.6 earthquake hit Oklahoma. That was the largest earthquake in Oklahoma’s history. Fracking was the cause of this horrible disaster. Scientists aren’t just worried about disposal wells causing earthquakes, they fear something happening to those disposal wells. Scientists are concerned that if an earthquake happens near one of these disposal wells, it could hurt the well, resulting in hundreds of different chemicals coming out into the ground. If fracking was
What is Fracking? Hydraulic fracturing, also known as ‘fracking’ is a technology that involves the extraction of natural gases through the injection of harmful chemicals, sand, and water. This technique includes the process of drilling a hole deep within the surface layer of the environment. As a result, it deteriorates the density of the land, pollutes the air, and contaminates underground drinking water sources. According to Bill Freemans’s “Fracking Is Not Harmful to the Environment,” the author argues that fracking is a technique that does not harm the environment and that instead, it helps the United States achieve energy independence. In contrast to his statement, hydraulic fracturing should not be
Hydraulic fracturing is the forcing of fissures in subterranean rocks by introducing liquid at high pressure, especially to extract oil or natural gas. This process has been conducted since 1949, and more people have been studying how fracking affects the environment, such as Josh Fox. Josh Fox filmed and directed a documentary over Gas Lands, interviewing and following people whose lives have been affected by hydraulic fracturing near them. Throughout this documentary, we get to see how fracking is ruining certain aspects of people’s lives and forever damaging the environment we live on.
Natural gas extraction and consumption has risen over the past thirty years. Also known as hydraulic fracturing or fracking, a tremendous amount of uproar is being made in the environmental and political communities. Natural gas use is a great source of energy worldwide, only in America have we had a gold rush affect when it comes to extraction. Natural gas provides less dependence on foreign oil, less need for coal plants, and a more affordable energy source worldwide. There are many advantages to using natural gas but the way in which it is being extracted has caused many people to become sick. The detrimental environmental impacts caused by hydraulic fracturing continue to rise. Not to mention the political pull on big corporations and water quality standards. Currently in the Marcellus shale in Pennsylvania and the Barnett shale in Texas, the air and water quality have diminished over the past years since drilling sites ran rampant. Natural gas is natural in terms of how it came to be, but not natural in how they extract it and the problems it is causing everyone involved. To make aware the dangers of hydraulic fracturing, environmental impacts, water quality and air emissions, must be considered.
Janise Miescke 5/6/2017 Assignment 3 When Money Speaks Louder than Obligation Texas has always been one to hold the belief ‘everything is bigger in Texas’.
Fracking is dangerous to America’s water supply, water quality, and to other resources. Due to fracking America’s water supply and quality could be compromised. Fracking is also a large scale operation. Evidence of how fracking is a large scale operation would be the use of 400 tanker trucks to transport all the
Hydraulic fracturing, or it’s more common name fracking, has been a very debatable topic for decades. Fracking is when chemicals, water and sand are pumped into the ground to break apart rock so that natural gas can be released. Not only is fracking obviously bad for the environment, but it also has many impacts on the people that surround the area. Fracking has short term benefits, but long term consequences and impacts to the entire ecosystem. Fracking that is done today can affect our future generations for many years and generations to come. Although hydraulic fracking may reduce our dependency of oil on other countries and stabilize our economy, fracking has way too many environmental and health impacts; therefore proving that fracking is problematic and should not be an energy resource that countries depend on.
Firstly ‘fracking’ is carried out by injecting wells in the rock with a mixture of water, sand and chemicals to break it open to extract the fuel from it. The Food and Water Watch states that fracking one shale well requires millions of gallons of water, causing problems of water availability to arise, particularly in areas prone to water shortage. (9) Shale gas combustion releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere contributing to climate change which is also a major contributor to water scarcity. In addition, the shale gas released contributes to smog formation which is harmful to health and the environment, therefore alternative low carbon or renewable resources would be more suitable in helping to reduce water scarcity as well as air pollution. Secondly, fracking results in water pollution, which affects the quality and quantity of water. An article by the Scottish Government (2014) states 25-75% of the fracking fluid returns to the surface as waste-water. This wastewater combines with salty water containing contaminants, forming a mixture of toxic and radioactive substances which could put people at risk of sickness, if this leaked into drinking water. It also reduces the amount of fresh water available for essential daily needs. In conclusion, fracking contributes to water shortage globally as it uses up such a large quantity of water