II.INDUSTRY PROFILE
2.1.INDUSTRY PROFILE(Fondry Industry):
Foundry industry is a branch of industry that produces the castings by filling molds with molten alloys. The volume of foundry production in the world is more than 80 millions.
Casting is used to produce an average of 40%(by weight) of stock for machine parts,bt in some areas of machine building, such as appliance tool manufacture, the percentage of castings is 80 percent. Appliance building consumes about 70 percent of all cast stock, the metallurgical industry devour 20 percent, and 10 percent is used in hygienic engineering. Cast parts are used in metal working lathes, combustion engines, compressors, pumps, electronic motors, condensation and hydraulic turbines, rolling mills,
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1993 A Plasma ladle refiner first foundry application occurs at maynard steel company.
1995 A lost foam vaccum casting process to produce stainless steel with low carbon content .some of members like OH Babcock,Wilcox got the patent for this.
1996 Cast metal matrix composites are first used in production model automobile in the brake rotors for the Lotus Elise.
1997 Argon and Inland steel corporation limited developed the electromagnetic casting process.It reduces the cost and energy expenditures in steel production.
The production of cast items was known from ancient times in India,china,Babylonia,Greece Egypt and rome.Where it is pre used for preparing religious objects and articles.
In 13 and 14 th century some place like Byzantim venice.genoa,Florence were promonent for producing cast metals.Bronze and iron balls prepared by Russia at that times. The first foundry constructed in Mosow as a cannon Shop.Foundaries were built in during tula and other cities During the region of Ivan IV.
Charcterization of metal casting
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There are some international standards for preparation of goods so every organization must follow those standards in preparation of product. Here in this type of products are tested by the device called DIRECT READING OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTRO METER, by sing this methods alloy castings are tested. If any unethical practice is applied in the process the company sued in the court.
Mass Spectrometry:
It is a type of analytical technique. It measures the mass to charge ratio of charged particles, it is used to determine masses of particles. It is used to determine the elemental composition of a sample. we can say how it helps in castings, by using this technique how much percentage of raw materials needed to prepare particular alloy castings. 2.2.2 VISION:
To become leading alloy castings producer in India by providing qualitative products to customers and create value towards
The Shang Dynasty invented and, over the years, perfected the technique of casting a bronze vessel from a clay mold assembly, which this wine vessel has also been made from using those techniques (Cantor). This mold was formed around a model of the vessel and was then cut into sections that were carved or impressed in the desired design, in this case the braided or grid design, on the inner or outer surfaces. The decorated clay piece-mold was then fired and reassembled around a clay core. Small bronze spacers were used to hold the piece-mold and the clay core apart. Then, molten bronze was poured into the mold. Using this piece-mold casting technique helped the bronze worker to achieve greater sharpness and definition in any intricate design
The Foundry is hard to describe in one world. Some people, even me, would say that the main characteristic that ties The Foundry together is industrialization, but there is definitely more to that. If industrialization were the only thing to be spoken about, then there would be no room to talk about the business aspect or the Northeast Corridor, or the agriculture in the Appalachian Plateau. If Industrialization and the Great Lakes were the only things that we focused on, then we would miss the forests and mountains that take part in the landscape of The Foundry. There is diversity in people, land, and culture throughout The Foundry and it will forever be difficult to characterize it in one word.
-Developed and implemented strip casting overseas to eliminate a step in the steel making process
In the mid-nineteenth century, Andrew Carnegie created the Carnegie Steel Company, the largest steel monopoly during the Industrial Revolution, which dominated Pittsburgh’s industrial production and economy. Because of this, Pittsburgh was dubbed The Forge of America. Because the Carnegie Steel Company was so dominant in Pittsburgh’s economy at the time, the history of the company serves to explain the history of industry at the time.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (1995). Profile of the Iron and Steel Industry. Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. Washingto, DC: Office of Compliance. Retrieved February 07, 2014, from http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe
...l presented polluting influences, so new innovation must be imagined to dispose of them. Wrought iron was not effectively produced from mineral fuel pig iron until the center of the eighteenth century.
Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. Because it is so common, iron has been used by human society for thousands of years. Iron was known and used for weapons in prehistoric ages, the earliest example still in existence; a group of rusty iron beads found in Egypt, dates from about 4000BC. This period in history was given the name Iron Age because it was the time when people found ways to get iron and to use it for building tools and weapons.
The inefficiencies and the problems involved in making steels in the traditional form of ingots are alleviated by the continuous-casting process, which produces higher quality steels at reduced costs. Conceived in the 1860s, continuous or strand casting was first developed for casting nonferrous metal strips. The process now is used widely for steel production, with major productivity improvements and cost reductions.
were used in nature and strong and weak were used in quality. In the procedure
Through the years, the process of turning raw materials into useful materials is a tradition that hasn’t changed over hundreds of years. The general process of turning metal to blades, silicon to magic mirrors or computers and ceramics to pottery or circuits. If we examine the past we can learn much about our future because all technological advancements need is to look to our ancient ancestors and examine how they dealt with the problems of their time.
1000 series: this type of aluminium is used for construction and contains less than one percent additives. It is used to make sheet metal and foil and is not heat treatable but can be strengthened through work hardening. A process of beating, stretching and bending to inc...
Metals possess many unique fundamental properties that make them an ideal material for use in a diverse range of applications. Many common place things know today are made from metals; bridges, utensils, vehicles of all modes of transport, contain some form of metal or metallic compound. Properties such as high tensile strength, high fracture toughness, malleability and availability are just some of the many advantages associated with metals. Metals, accompanied by their many compounds and alloys, similar properties, high and low corrosion levels, and affects, whether negative or positive, are a grand force to be reckoned with.
Continuous casting invented in 1865 by Sir Henry Bessemer one of the original founders of modern steelmaking, this invention used and developed to produce 750 million tons of steel, 20 million tons of aluminum, and many tons of other alloys produced in the world every year.
Steelmaking is a process in which raw materials such as iron and ferrous scrap are used to form steel. This process improves the quality of steel, giving it specific characteristics to suit the needs of diverse industries. Due to the availability, strength, and relatively inexpensive production cost, steel has become one of our world’s most valuable resources. The production of steel directly effects our lives nearly every day. Transportation on our railways, erecting buildings, manufacturing appliances and tools, canned food, and computers are just a few applications of steel in modern life.
Metallurgy is the field of materials science and material engineering that studies the physical and chemical behaviour of metallic elements, their microstructure compounds and their mixtures, which are mostly known as alloy. Metallurgy can be refers as the technology of metals where science is applied to the production of metals, and the engineering of metal components for the uses of products for consumers and manufacturers.