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Forensic anthropology and odontology
Forensic anthropology and odontology
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Forensic Odontology or dentistry has been a very useful tool when it comes to identifying an unknown body. It has been used throughout history to give those thought lost back their identity and the families closure. To become a forensic odontologist one must first earn a DDS degree, then gain training in the field. Odontology can be done on the spot at a crime scene or at the autopsy. Bite mark analysis has made a huge impact in the incarceration of a criminal.
Forensic Odontologist must earn a Doctor of Dental Science (DDS) degree to become a dentist. More extensive training is required in the techniques and methods of forensic odontology, along with hands-on experience, often by observing a more senior professional. To become board certified
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They are involved in aiding investigative agencies to identify recovered human remains in addition to the identification of whole or fragmented bodies. Forensic dentist may also be asked to assist in determining race, age, occupation, and previous dental history of unidentified human beings. They are responsible for six main areas of practice: identification of mass fatalities, identification of found human remains, civil cases involving malpractice, assessment of bite mark injuries, age estimation and assessment of cases of …show more content…
There are four for the field of forensic odontology, the Bureau of Legal Dentistry (BOLD), American Society of Forensic Odontology (ASFO), American Board of Forensic Odontology (ABFO) and the International Organization for Forensic Odonto-Stomatology (IOFOS). The American Board of Forensic Odontology (ABFO) created methodology guidelines, in attempts to reduce the discrepancies and increase the validity of bite mark analysis. They also provide information on how to best collect and preserve evidence, this is so that potentially useful evidence won’t be thrown out just because the forensic odontologist’s collection methods weren’t
Forensic pathologists are the people who determine the cause and time of death if the deceased person died under suspicious circumstances, whether they be violent or not. They determine if the death was accidental, a homicide, natural, a suicide, or even if the cause of death was unknown. They do this by studying said victim’s medical history, evaluating the crime scene for evidence, studying the body for any clues, and performing an autopsy. After determining the cause, time, and the manner in which the victim died, forensic pathologists make a written report on the victim and sometimes testify in court to report their findings.
Odontology is when the use of dental knowledge is used to help solve a crime. Souviron’s use of this technique left no doubt in the court room. This was one of the main reasons for Bundy to be finally convicted of the Chi Omega murders. The number of murders by Ted Bundy will forever be a mystery, but with the use of Odontology, we can guarantee at least one murder done by Bundy.
CONCLUSION “There are just too many variables,” said Dr. C. Michael Bowers, author of “Forensics Dental Evidence: An Investigator’s Handbook,” (Bowers, 2004.)
Forensic anthropology is the study of bones in relation to a criminal investigation. Some have probably seen it used on television, but this is not an accurate portrayal of what this truly is. Many times, this area of forensic science is hidden from the public eye; people only get to see all of the glamorous parts. What they do not see is all of the hard work and effort that is put in to get the job correctly done. This career is a rare decision for someone to choose, because of the lack of opportunity for employment positions as well as the low income per year; however, it is an extremely fascinating occupation. Forensic anthropology has been known to help many organizations, including museums, and law enforcement agencies.
The Faculty of General Dental Practice is responsible for continued professional development of dental clinicians. It is committed to improving standards of patient care within dentistry by providing up to date publications and guidelines for clinicians. The standards and guidelines by the FGDP are evidence based and are recognised as authoritative statements of good practice within the profession (REF). The FGDP have produced standards and evidence-based guidelines detailing the Selection Criteria for Dental Radiography (REF).
In order to understand Forensic Anthropology we must break it down into the components. According to Oxford American Dictionary the term Forensic is significant to the use of scientific methods to investigate a crime. Anthropology is defined by Oxford American Dictionary as the study of societies, cultures, and human origins. The combination of both, Forensic and Anthropology, consists of applying the principles which are introduced by Anthropologists to solving a crime. Forensic Anthropology is currently a small field but is expected to grow in the upcoming years due how it is being portrayed in books, television shows, classes, and many other resources. The usage of this field is becoming crucial because of how gruesome the crimes being committed by criminals are becoming. Although Forensic Anthropology is currently a small field it requires a lot of education, carries plenty of job responsibilities, and continues to aid in the solving of crimes.
The road to becoming a forensic anthropologist starts with a realistic self-assessment. Students must be prepared to spend up at least eight years studying and training in school for a doctoral degree needed to practice forensic anthropology with law enforcement agencies. However, students must face the fact that the majority of forensic anthropologists work in universities and only occasionally consult with law enforcement on cases from time to time. Almost all forensic anthropologists are either professors or researchers. Students who do practice hands-on forensic anthropology must be prepared to deal with cadavers, disturbing cases and decomposing body materials. Once students overcome these obstacles, they should join an appropriate degree program.
Sauer, N. J. (1998). The timing of injuries and manner of death: distinguishing among antemortem, perimortem and postmortem trauma. Forensic Osteology, 2nd edition Springfield, Illinois: Charles C Thomas, 321-332.
There are six general areas in forensic. Theres a medical examiner, crime laboratory analyst,crime scene examiner and a forensic engineer. determining which one you want can be hard, but its easier to talk to someone who does that job. They can tell you different things about the job.
Picture yourself with a toothache or someone with poor hygiene and knowing you cannot do anything to change it without a dentist. A dentist is specialized individual that treats the diseases and conditions that affect the oral cavity.
Forensics Anthropology is the study that goes beyond the human skeleton. A forensics anthropologist can find out. How a person lived, the food that person ate, and the overall make-up of a human. The use of forensics has grown in recent years, it is used to solve crimes and locate missing persons. Snow, (1982) Forensics anthropology is not a new science. The first case forensics anthropology was used on was the Jezebel case, dating back to the nineteenth century. This case involved a person, who was thrown from a window. Snow, (1982) The remains found in this case were the skull, feet, and the palm of the victim’s hands.
The education level chosen depends on what kind of forensic job you are interested in and what salary you are going for. Most entry-level forensic positions require a bachelor’s degree in forensic or natural science (see Anne 1996). Undergraduate programs consist of toxicology, biochemistry, and criminal justice classes. The American Academy of Forensic Sciences also recommends English classes. This is because forensic scientists need very honed written and oral communication capabilities to write detailed reports and testify to physical evidence in court.
When arriving at the crime scene Geberth (1997) notes that there are certain procedures the investigators and forensic teams must abide by. When they arrive they have to document just about every thing, especially the important things. They have to go through a checklist, like the time of day, the weather, and interviews with officers, suspects, witnesses, and family members. When examining the body the forensic investigators record name, address, and the sex of the victim, determine the death, and they have to take pictures. Also they must stabilize the scene with barriers of rope or whatever is necessary. Collecting evidence is also important. They must make sure they do not get their fingerprints and other things like hair, saliva, etc… on the evidence. There is a whole lot to do when arriving, but those are the main and important ones.
Picture yourself with a tooth ache or someone with poor hygiene and knowing you cannot do anything to change it without a dentist. A dentist is specialized individual that treats the diseases and conditions that affect the oral cavity.
...ot be found, the forensic dentists uses a post-mortem dental profiling to aide in narrowing down the search (3). Bite marks are quite common in forensic odontology. The American Board of Forensic Odontology has broken up bite mark analysis into 3 major stages. These stages are a description of bite marks, the collection of evidence from the victim and the suspect and finally, the analysis of the bite marks (5). The methods used to perform this task are the manual process which using tracing, photocopier generated overlays, 2D polyline method and the painting method (4). Despite having better and more improved methods to conduct the comparison of bite marks, there still exists a huge problem. The problem involves the physical properties of skin which may cause the bite mark to change (5). Hopefully, in the future more research is done to overcome this issue.