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How has religion affected literature
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How has religion affected literature
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1. - Introduction. The biographic features of a writer usually have an influence on the development of his or her literary creation. The biographic influence is especially strong on the literary work of Flannery O'Connor. Her life and experiences are reflected through her work in themes, characters, descriptions and style. There are two important features of her life, which had marked the short stories and novels of Flannery O'Connor: The South of the United States and her religion, Catholicism. These two aspects are reflected in her vision of life, society and above all in the vision of the human race. "Question: To whom or to what do you attribute your view of human being? Flannery O'Connor: Probably to being a Catholic and a southerner - and a writer." 1 [Flannery O'Connor from Magee, R. M., Conversation with Flannery O'Connor, 1987: 58] 2. - Flannery O'Connor's biography. Flannery O'Connor was born in Savannah (Georgia) in 1925. Her family was deeply Catholic. The Catholicism in the South of the United States, a minority religion, is called "Old Catholic." She spent her childhood in this important city of Georgia. But in 1938 the Flannery's family had to move to a town called Milledgeville because of the illness of the father, lupus. He died some years later. O'Connor was the only child of the family, and also she was very shy and introverted. She always had a great difficulty in order to mix with people. When she finished her degree course of Social Science, Flannery O'Connor started her independent life. Firstly, in 1947 O'Connor joined the camp of Spencer Trask for writers in New York. Finally she moved to Connecticut with Sally and Robert Fitzgerald. But in 1951 Flannery was diagnosed as having lupus, t... ... middle of paper ... ...y and mind. The name is opposite to her real name Joy, with Catholic features. Hulga is the character who rejects society, Catholic religion and any human contact. But Joy is the personality inside Hulga who wants to mix with people. When she is with Manley in the hayloft and he has her wooden leg, Joy-Hulga dreams about the possibility of staying with him the rest of her life: " "Put it back on," she said. She was thinking that she would run away with him and every night he would take her leg off and every morning put it back on again." 6 [O'Connor, Flannery: A Good Man Is Hard to Find- "Good Country Peole", 1980: 193.]. The most part of the main themes of Flannery O'Connor are shown in "Good Country People": The reflection of Flannery O'Connor's Southern society, the Catholic vision of human being and her tendency to the grotesque and violent situations.
In "Good Country People," Flannery O'Connor skillfully presents a story from a third-person point of view, in which the protagonist, Joy-Hulga, believes that she is not one of those good country people. Joy is an intelligent and educated but emotionally troubled young woman, struggling to live in a farm environment deep in the countryside of the southeast United States, where she feels that she does not belong. Considering herself intellectually superior to the story's other characters, she experiences an epiphany that may lead her to reconsider her assumptions. Her experience marks a personal transition for her and constitutes the story's theme--the passage from naïveté to knowledge.
“Good Country People” is a short story written by Flannery O’Connor in the mid 50’s. The story takes place on a farm in Georgia that Mrs. Hopewell owns. Flannery O’Connor uses the characters names and personalities to symbolize that they aren’t really who they think they are. The protagonist Joy-Hulga has a heart condition and a peg leg. Her heat condition and disability reflects that she is a broken and weak person on the inside.
At the age of twenty one, Joy moved out of the house, went to college, and legally changed her name to Hulga. Hulga most likely changes her name to spite her mother, because Joy is such a beautiful name and Hulga is such an ugly one. ? She [Hulga] had arrived at it first purely on the basis of its ugly sound and then the full genius of its fitness had struck her... She saw it as the name of her highest creative act.?
Cofer, Jordan. "Flannery O'connor's Role In Popular Culture: A Review Essay." Southern Quarterly 47.2 (2010): 140-157. OmniFile Full Text Mega (H.W. Wilson). Web. 2 Nov. 2013.
O'Connor, Flannery. "Good Country People." The Complete Stories of Flannery O’Connor. New York: Farrar, 1972. 271-91. Print.
...another. As mother, she cares for her daughter but struggles to relate with her. She could see Hulga as a professor and Hopewell knows that she wanted to leave home. To compensate for their relationship and Hulga’s condition, Mrs. Hopewell treats her like a child. Hulga is an educated woman but continues to act like a child when it comes to her mother. Not only does she dress like a child, she stomps around the house to ensure that Mrs. Hopewell and Mrs. Freeman hear her. Hulga does not actually want her mother to understand her because she lashes out at her mother. If she truly wanted her mother to realize her philosophical thought she would have attempted to explain it and not shout at Hopewell. Each woman has her own faults.
Flannery O’Connor’s Catholic faith shows heavily in her writing’s, but yet most of her characters are Protestant. Protestants fall under Western churches, and follow the principle of Reformation. Flannery wants her characters to suffer, to feel anguish and find redemption. While Flannery O’Connor has written many complex texts with different themes, her faith is always the fueling force behind her creativity. Contrary to popular belief, O’Connor’s notions have only widened her points of view in her writings. O’Connor uses faith in her work to show the readers spirituality and grace.
A story without style is like a man without personality: useless and boring. However, Flannery O’Connor incorporates various different styles in her narratives. Dark humor, irony, and symbolism are perhaps the utmost powerful and common styles in her writing. From “Revelation” and “Good Country People” to “A Good Man is Hard to Find,” all of O’Connor’s stories consist of different styles in writing.
Religion is a pervasive theme in most of the literary works of the late Georgia writer Flannery O'Connor. Four of her short stories in particular deal with the relationship between Christianity and society in the Southern Bible Belt: "A Good Man Is Hard to Find," "The River," "Good Country People," and "Revelation." Louis D. Rubin, Jr. believes that the mixture of "the primitive fundamentalism of her region, [and] the Roman Catholicism of her faith . . ." makes her religious fiction both well-refined and entertaining (70-71). O'Connor's stories give a grotesque and often stark vision of the clash between traditional Southern Christian values and the ever-changing social scene of the twentieth century. Three of the main religious ingredients that lend to this effect are the presence of divine meanings, revelations of God, and the struggle between the powers of Satan and God.
Hopewell and Joy-Hulga, but also contains a humorous, yet judgmental tone in the story that defines the characters, mostly in Hulga. Hulga is considered the most ironic character in the story because of the little understanding she has of herself regardless of how well educated she is. She may consider herself the smartest woman in the story and may have pride in herself but what she doesn’t know is that Manley, a man who ironically sells Bibles and yet, is not a Christian, proves Hulga wrong in the end and makes her the one with stupidity. Using third person limited allows the reader to gather a deeper understanding of characters by using other characters that know them better than themselves. Overall, it is highly important to dig deeper into the story regarding narration by asking, who is narrating and why is his/her perception important and how does tone and irony contribute to the characters. In this case, the tone and irony gives the reader a better understanding of each individual character, both antagonist and
Flannery shows the readers this when she has Jillian and his mother argue about their own faith. The reason O’Connor incorporates religion into her short stories is because religion is “the ground note of her fiction” (Shinn, Thelma J. 375). Jillian gets fed up with his mother for going on and on about how others should “know themselves” and be gracious. Jillian exclaims, “They don’t give a damn for your graciousness...knowing who you are is good for one generation only...you have the foggiest idea where you stand now or who you are” (O’Connor 2).The mother has to take a second and process what Jillian had just said to her. Finally, she gets the words to flow out. His mom says, “I most certainly do know who I am...and if you don’t know who you are, I am ashamed of you” (O’Connor 2) The readers see here how strongly Jillian’s mother feels about her faith and how little Jillian does. This quote shows O’Connor’s incorporation with religious beliefs. Flannery was very religious, therefore the mother is a representation of her. Throughout O’Connor’s life, many people told her that she could not be an artist because she was Catholic. The reason she incorporates religious incidents throughout her short stories is to live on her Catholic beliefs and to prove to those that religion was such a huge part of her life. Flannery O’Connor stands behind her religion in such a way that the readers
Hulga had a lot of attitude towards everyone but it was pushed away because she only had one leg. When she was confronted on page two paragraph two about her ill-mannered behavior she would say, “If you want me, here I am – LIKE I AM.” And it would be brushed aside since no one wanted to argue. She also did not like people, she just tolerated them. Hulga did not like to take walks with her mother so she would tolerate talking to Mrs. Freeman just to get out of walking.
Flannery O’Connor publication “Good Country People” is a short story that is set on a small tenant farm in Georgia. An accident leaves Joy, the protagonist in the fiction, with one leg and this disfigurement leaves her emotionally scarred. She distances herself from the real world to her intellect world. She changes her name from Joy to Hulga since she feels disturbed by her surroundings and health condition. The book focuses on the themes of alienation and identity. This short story is an exciting piece of art that uses the character Hulga to demonstrate how physical challenges, intellectualism and social class play a role in developing one’s identity.
From the 19th centuries until now, American society is no longer fully committed to Christian beliefs, and many other new ideals have become adopted and more popular. People are so confused with many different beliefs mixing together in the new world, where the good and evil is just separated by a thin line of justice. People are unable to clearly see the truth anymore, but instead they try their best to see through the deceptive web of hypocrite and make assumptions using their limited knowledge and experiences. Flannery O’ Connor was born in 1925 and grew up seeing the challenge and difficulty American people face on the way to seek real goodness. Even at a very young age, O’ Connor had a very correct and wise point of view about her society
Flannery O'Connor's "Good Country People" is a story told through the examination of the relationships between the four main characters. All of the characters have distinct feelings about the others, from misunderstanding to contempt. Both Joy-Hulga, the protagonist, and Manley Pointer, the antagonist, are multi-faceted characters. While all of the characters have different levels of complexity, Joy-Hulga and Manley Pointer are the deepest and the ones with the most obvious facades.