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Confession and punishment
The Christian Doctrine of Sin
Humor as a Literary Tool
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Recommended: Confession and punishment
Confession is the admission of one’s sins. In the Christian religion, it is done within a confessional booth before a priest, who will then give the confessor a penance in accordance with his or her crimes. Confession of one’s mortal sins is required in order regain God’s grace, and the priest is believed to have been given the authority to grant forgiveness and absolution. Most of the time, confession is a solemn affair. However, some authors have written stories that focus on the subject of confession and have even managed to add an element of humor into it. One example is “First Confession” by Frank O’Connor. Through the use of narrative viewpoint, tone and mood, contrast, and characterization, the author of the short story “First Confession” evokes humor in the readers.
The narrative viewpoint of this story, a detached autobiography, helps to arouse the feeling of humor. There are many experiences in life when things may seem frightening or frustrating while they are happening, but when we think about them later, we realize that they could have been comical. In a detached autobiography, the narrator reflects on and writes about something that has happened in the past. Usually, he has matured from the time the events in the story took place and is now in a different frame of mind, so he is able to write about them with an outsider’s detachment. In this case, Jackie is writing about his first confession, which probably happened many years ago. Thus, he can now talk about it while highlighting the funny side of the story. For instance, Jackie’s reactions to Mrs. Ryan’s and Nora’s attempts to scare him reveal the gullibility of a typical seven-year-old and how it can be amusing. Likewise, he portrays sibling rivalry in a humorou...
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...out the characters, as well as to add humor to the story.
Frank O’Connor, the author of the short story “First Confession” makes the story humorous by effectively using literary devices like the narrative viewpoint, tone and mood, contrast, and characterization. He has created a light and entertaining mood by having a main character who the reader can understand, plus amusing supporting characters. Altogether, O’Connor has succeeded in making humor the single effect of a story whose main subject is confession – a fairly serious practice where Christians confess their sins to a priest in the hope of gaining forgiveness from God. Only the most skilled can give their stories an underlying feeling opposite to what it is about, and he is one of the few writers who have mastered their craft enough to make their readers laugh at something that is usually considered dreary.
This gives the author opportunity to use his writing to give personal insight to the situation. Moody gives a first person narrative of a person’s mind when going through a highly unexpected change in their life through the narrator. The story starts sporadically going from present day Halloween to past memories of the narrator with his sister. Moody adds sentences fragments such as “Jokes with the fillip of sentimentality. Anyway, in this picture her blond hair...” (294). The fragments that constantly appears gives the narrator a complex mindset, and the narrator gets off topic throughout the story. After a recent death or just any major change in life, the thoughts of the mind are running trying to make sense of the situation. His mind creates confusion in the story, but this is what the author wants to portray through the
She had been in New York for quite some time, doing well in school and with a brand new best friend. When she returned to her grandparents, she nurtured her grandpa in his last moments, and when he had taken his last breath a little bit of Jacqueline had slipped away as well. It isn’t that she hadn’t cherished the time with her grandfather, but as if his death was too sudden, and when she had started to really find her way in New York and South Carolina began to fade into a memory, the news was a wake up call.
Suffering from the death of a close friend, the boy tries to ignore his feelings and jokes on his sister. His friend was a mental patient who threw himself off a building. Being really young and unable to cope with this tragedy, the boy jokes to his sister about the bridge collapsing. "The mention of the suicide and of the bridge collapsing set a depressing tone for the rest of the story" (Baker 170). Arguments about Raisinettes force the father to settle it by saying, "you will both spoil your lunch." As their day continues, their arguments become more serious and present concern for the father who is trying to understand his children better. In complete agreement with Justin Oeltzes’ paper, "A Sad Story," I also feel that this dark foreshadowing of time to come is an indication of the author’s direct intention to write a sad story.
In the commencement of the story, the narrator is shocked and in disbelief about the news of his brother’s incarceration, “It was not to be believed” (83). It had been over a year since he had seen his brother, but all he had was memories of him, “This would always be at a moment when I was remembering some specific thing Sonny had once said or done” (83). The narrator’s thoughts about Sonny triggered his anxiety that very day. It was difficult to bear the news of what his brother had become, yet at some point he could relate to Sonny on a personal level, “I hear my brother. And myself” (84). After the news had spurred, the narrator experienced extreme anxiety to the point of sweating. Jus...
Flannery O’Connor believed in the power of religion to give new purpose to life. She saw the fall of the old world, felt the force and presence of God, and her allegorical fictions often portray characters who discover themselves transforming to the Catholic mind. Though her literature does not preach, she uses subtle, thematic undertones and it is apparent that as her characters struggle through violence and pain, divine grace is thrown at them. In her story “Revelation,” the protagonist, Mrs. Turpin, acts sanctimoniously, but ironically the virtue that gives her eminence is what brings about her downfall. Mrs. Turpin’s veneer of so called good behavior fails to fill the void that would bring her to heaven. Grace hits her with force and their illusions, causing a traumatic collapse exposing the emptiness of her philosophy. As Flannery O’Connor said, “In Good Fiction, certain of the details will tend to accumulate meaning from the action of the story itself, and when this happens they become symbolic in the way they work.” (487). The significance is not in the plot or the actual events, but rather the meaning is between the lines.
Augustine. “Confessions”. The Norton Anthology of Western Literature. 8th ed. Vol. 1. New York: W.W. Norton, 2006. 1113-41. Print.
‘Atonement’ features unpalatable truths about the multifaceted human condition, which we develop an awareness of as we make mistakes and confront obstacles in life. However, atoning for the mistakes can sometimes be difficult, or impossible. Briony omitted to telling her parents the truth
Human nature is a conglomerate perception which is the dominant liable expressed in the short story of “A Tell-Tale Heart”. Directly related, Edgar Allan Poe displays the ramifications of guilt and how it can consume oneself, as well as disclosing the nature of human defense mechanisms, all the while continuing on with displaying the labyrinth of passion and fears of humans which make a blind appearance throughout the story. A guilty conscience of one’s self is a pertinent facet of human nature that Edgar Allan Poe continually stresses throughout the story. The emotion that causes a person to choose right from wrong, good over bad is guilt, which consequently is one of the most ethically moral and methodically powerful emotion known to human nature. Throughout the story, Edgar Allan Poe displays the narrator to be rather complacent and pompous, however, the narrator establishes what one could define as apprehension and remorse after committing murder of an innocent man. It is to believe that the narrator will never confess but as his heightened senses blur the lines between real and ...
Such as sins we do, no matter how young or old you are, you will eventually make bad decisions. We aren’t perfect but no matter how bad our sin is; we shouldn’t take pleasure of it because this can worsen us. This bad bodily habit can result for continuous confessions. This confession is one long prayer and must confess all of your sin’s to God. This will guide you to a stronger belief in God. Like Saint Augustine all his sins made him praise to God who mercifully directed his path and brought him out of misery and error. Overall, he wants his audience to believe that God is the creator of everything and most importantly the savior in all of us. However, times have changed and that the confession was written a long time ago. Nowadays many people don’t have a religion because people are more open with their feelings. For instance, exposing their sexuality. Many churches still don’t accept same-sex marriage and that the bible is somewhat unfair. Yet sins are constant, but religion can change over time. I personally think that everyone has their own savior, not just relating to a God or any type of religion. It could be yourself, your significant other, family, friends, etc. In the end, religion does not matter, just know the basic principles in life and that is: don’t hurt others and always be
In the Confessions, by Saint Augustine, Augustine addressed himself articulately and passionately to the persistent questions that stirred the minds and hearts of men since time began. The Confessions tells a story in the form of a long conversion with God. Through this conversion to Catholic Christianity, Augustine encounters many aspects of love. These forms of love help guide him towards an ultimate relationship with God. His restless heart finally finds peace and rest in God at the end of The Confessions.
In the story “Two Kinds”, the author, Amy Tan, intends to make reader think of the meaning behind the story. She doesn’t speak out as an analyzer to illustrate what is the real problem between her and her mother. Instead, she uses her own point of view as a narrator to state what she has experienced and what she feels in her mind all along the story. She has not judged what is right or wrong based on her opinion. Instead of giving instruction of how to solve a family issue, the author chooses to write a narrative diary containing her true feeling toward events during her childhood, which offers reader not only a clear account, but insight on how the narrator feels frustrated due to failing her mother’s expectations which leads to a large conflict between the narrator and her mother.
In the books of the Confessions, Augustine praises God and confesses his sins while telling the story of his journey. The first half of the Confessions describe his journey away from himself, which include giving into his personal pleasure. The fifth book is when he has a revelation, and the rest of the Confessions gives the account of the process of getting back to himself, or being fully human. It is a path that took a large part of his life, but it in the end, he accepts his vocation of “being”.
A collection of short stories published in 1907, Dubliners, by James Joyce, revolves around the everyday lives of ordinary citizens in Dublin, Ireland (Freidrich 166). According to Joyce himself, his intention was to "write a chapter of the moral history of [his] country and [he] chose Dublin for the scene because the city seemed to [b]e the centre of paralysis" (Friedrich 166). True to his goal, each of the fifteen stories are tales of disappointment, darkness, captivity, frustration, and flaw. The book is divided into four sections: childhood, adolescence, maturity, and public life (Levin 159). The structure of the book shows that gradually, citizens become trapped in Dublin society (Stone 140). The stories portray Joyce's feeling that Dublin is the epitome of paralysis and all of the citizens are victims (Levin 159). Although each story from Dubliners is a unique and separate depiction, they all have similarities with each other. In addition, because the first three stories -- The Sisters, An Encounter, and Araby parallel each other in many ways, they can be seen as a set in and of themselves. The purpose of this essay is to explore one particular similarity in order to prove that the childhood stories can be seen as specific section of Dubliners. By examining the characters of Father Flynn in The Sisters, Father Butler in An Encounter, and Mangan's sister in Araby, I will demonstrate that the idea of being held captive by religion is felt by the protagonist of each story. In this paper, I argue that because religion played such a significant role in the lives of the middle class, it was something that many citizens felt was suffocating and from which it was impossible to get away. Each of the three childhood stories uses religion to keep the protagonist captive. In The Sisters, Father Flynn plays an important role in making the narrator feel like a prisoner. Mr. Cotter's comment that "… a young lad [should] run about and play with young lads of his own age…" suggests that the narrator has spent a great deal of time with the priest. Even in death, the boy can not free himself from the presence of Father Flynn (Stone 169) as is illustrated in the following passage: "But the grey face still followed me. It murmured; and I understood that it desired to confess something.
Although “The Pardoner’s Tale” and Selling Salvation” come from two different genres they both share similarities and differences.AlthoughAlothough these two texts from very different genres, “The Pardoner’s Tale” and “Selling Salvation,” still have many similarities and differences. While “The Pardoner’s Tale” is an imaginary tale, “Selling Salvation” is a non-fiction text article. Still, through characteristics, author’s purpose, and author’s craft, these two texts resemble each other in some way, while still having their own unique differences.
As a literal deathbed revelation, William Wilson begins the short story by informing the readers about the end of his own personal struggle by introducing and immediately acknowledging his guilt and inevitable death, directly foreshadowing the protagonist’s eventual downward spiral into vice. The exhortative and confession-like nature of the opening piece stems from the liberal use of the first person pronoun “I”, combined with legal and crime related jargon such as, “ crime”, “guilt”, and “victim” found on page 1. Poe infuses this meticulous word choice into the concretization of abstract ideas where the protagonist’s “virtue dropped bodily as a mantle” (Poe 1), leading him to cloak his “nakedness in triple guilt” (Poe 1). In these two examples, not only are virtue and guilt transformed into physical clothing that can be worn by the narrator, but the reader is also introduced to the protagonist’s propensity to externalize the internal, hinting at the inevitable conclusion and revelation that the second William Wilson is not truly a physical being, but the manifestation of something