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Impacts of climate change on agriculture essay
Climate Change and its Impact on Agriculture
The effect of global warming on agriculture
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Final Summary Paper (Midwest)
The Midwest region of the United States consists of Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ohio, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and Indiana. A major source of the Midwest region of the United States is agriculture. The biggest issue the Midwest faces due to climate change is the effect of flooding on agriculture. Without agriculture the Midwest would not be what it is today. Over the years as flooding has increased planting and crop establishment has been delayed (US Global Change Research Program). Also flooding has changed the types of crops that can now be planted in the Midwest (Ben Chou). The extreme rainfalls and flooding have become more common over the past century and are expected to keep on increasing causing many harms for the Midwest including hurting agriculture (University of Michigan).
The Midwestern United States has experienced flooding for a long time now, but recently the annual precipitation has been far greater than before. Precipitation has increased 37 percent since 1958 (Jeff Spross). However a few major floods have been recorded dating back to 1913. In 1913 torrential rainfall hit Indiana and Ohio. The ground was greatly damaged from the flood causing difficult agricultural years for many years after the flood. Another flood hit a large portion of the Midwest region including the eastern Dakotas, Wisconsin, Kansas, and Indiana in 1993. Recovery costs for the Great Flood exceeded $4.2 billion. Like the flood in 1913 agriculture was affected for many years hurting the economy of the Midwest. A more recent disastrous flood hit mainly Iowa in 2008. After the flood in 2008 agriculture again took a hard hit and since the government ...
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"Midwest." Http://downloads.globalchange.gov/usimpacts/pdfs/midwest. US Global Change Research Program, n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. http://downloads.globalchange.gov/usimpacts/pdfs/midwest.pdf
Chou, Ben. "Floods, Droughts and Agriculture." Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 May 2014. http://switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/bchou/floods_droughts_and_agricultur.html
Spross, Jeff. "The Impact Of Climate Change On The Midwest: More Heat, More Droughts, More Floods, Fewer Crops." ThinkProgress RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 May 2014. http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2014/05/07/3434933/national-climate-assessment-midwest/
Rosenthal, Andrew, and Dustin Devine. "WeatherBug® Your Weather Just Got Better™." USA Weather and Forecast Information on WeatherBug.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 May 2014. http://weather.weatherbug.com/weather-news/weather-reports.html?story=8170
Case study: the flooding that occurred in Minden Hills in the spring of 2013, flooded the downtown core. The picturesque cottage town has the Gull River flowing through it. The river overflowed in April because of many reasons: a couple of days of rain, the third largest amount in over a century, but it also happened because the frost in the ground stopped the water from going into the Earth, the lakes and rivers being full from the spring thaw, and the rapid
John M. Barry's Rising Tide: The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 and How It Changed America, takes us back 70 years to a society that most of us would hardly recognize.
The one feature common to the Hoover Dam, the Mississippi River and the Three Gorges Dam is that they all try to control nature’s swings, specifically in the form of flooding. Before the Hoover dam was built, the Colorado river “used to flood spectacularly.but after 1900 the Colorado provoked a vehement response” (Pg 177). The response was simple, but large. The U.S. built several large dams, including the Hoover dam, on the Colorado to decrease its flooding and increase power and irrigation. Unfortunately, just as human control of the Colorado’s flooding increased, its organisms and habitats were detrimentally influenced, and the water became more and more salinated.
The nature of the Southern Plains soils and the periodic influence of drought could not be changed, but the technological abuse of the land could have been stopped. This is not to say that mechanized agriculture irreparably damaged the land-it did not. New and improved implements such as tractors, one-way disk plows, grain drills, and combines reduced plowing, planting, and harvesting costs and increased agricultural productivity. Increased productivity caused prices to fall, and farmers compensated by breaking more sod for wheat. At the same time, farmers gave little thought to using their new technology in ways to conserve the
With 30 feet of water covering the land, 18,268,780 acres were destroyed (Economic). 4,413,600 acres of this was agricultural land. In this part of the country, farming and agriculture was a big deal, so when some of the land and animals were lost the economy suffered. After the flood and disaster relief organizations came, it was estimated that only 20% of the farm land could be used that year (The Mississippi). With a loss of land and no need for companies, people lost their jobs. Since people lost their jobs, families began to struggle. 85% of land owners and farmers had no source of income, but still had to provide for their family, pay taxes, and pay the mortgage payment (The Mississippi).
Popper FJ, Popper DE. "Great Plains: Checkered Past, Hopeful Future" Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy. Winter 1994: 89-100.
The dust bowl has a long history for its impact on agriculture. Starting around the early 1930s, the dust storms were becoming visible in the middle region of the United States (Ganzel, 2003). This middle region was known to farmers as the Great Plains, which consisted of several states such as Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas and New Mexico (Ganzel, 2003). These middle states were recognized for the farmers who grew wheat. Farmers worked day and night to establish large wheat fields in the Great Plains. The fields of the Great Plains were mainly grown with wheat, for it was the crop that farmers thought will lead them to a wealthy life (Documentary, 2014). Unfortunately, the land of the Great Plains was being overran by too many wheat fields. To make matters worse, farmers did not know what good agricultural techniques were; as a result, the land was tilled, over-plowed and abused (Documentary, 2014). The farmers did not know that the land has its limits, and ignoring it will have a consequence. In this case, the consequence was the dust bowl.
The changes in the quantity and timing of precipitation and the availability of water will profoundly affect people and other life forms. Ecosystems will change and wildlife behavior and habitat as well as crop yields will eventually be affected. Climate change will also have an impact on water-related economic activity – not just agricultural methods, for example skiing areas, may experience decreased snowfall, having an adverse impact on the economies of mountain towns and cities.
Weeks of heavy rain in the Midwest caused rivers to swell and levees to break. Millions of acres of farmland are now underwater, their plantings most likely destroyed. By March, Iowa had tied its third-highest monthly snowfall in 121 years of record keeping, and then came the rain. April’s statewide average was the second highest in 136 years.... ...
One of the impacts of climate change is that as the temperatures in cooler parts of the world change and become warmer, this will allow that place to be more habitable to other different types of food crops, thus expanding the area in which these crops can be grown. For example, less frequent freezes will allow crops like citrus to be planted and gro...
Climate change is currently one of the greatest challenges facing our species. This case study report will examine issues related to food production in relation to climate change. In this regard, the focus will be on the Peace River Country, which is a parkland region that spans from northwestern Alberta to the Rocky Mountains in northeastern British Columbia and around the Peace River. As part of its examination, this report will explore the local environment conditions, and offer predictions of what lies ahead in areas of economic development, the food practices including how climate changes may affect the local food production, as well as other future and predicted changes in the area.
“Taken as a whole, the range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time.” (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) There are many different observable effects on the Earth due to climate change. Scientists have stated that global temperatures will continue to rise; this is due in a large part to greenhouse gas emissions. The IPCC also states that the different regions will have various types of changes. In the northeast, it is predicted that there will be heat waves, heavy downpours and a rise in the sea level. The northwest will see a reduction in the water supply, as well as a rise in sea level. There will also be erosion, insect outbreaks and an increase
Since 1960s both minimum and maximum temperatures have exhibited a rising trend; with minimum increasing by a range of 0.7-2.0 degrees Celsius and maximum by 0.2-1.3 degree Celsius varying by region and season. Notable also is variability of rainfall patterns such as below normal rainfall in the long rains season and more during the short rainfall season, some regions have recorded more intense rainfall and downpours that have resulted to floods and infrastructural impairments. Extinction or near extinction of flora and fauna, changes in flowering and maturity patterns in crops are all attributable to climate change. These changes have had and are expected to have far reaching impacts on the economic sectors of the economy. Some of the expected sectoral impacts are discussed
Agriculture is considered to be one of the most vulnerable sectors to climate change. Although at present, the overall impact of climate change on global scale agricultural productivity is not reliably estimated (Gornall et al., 2010). Many studies show serious implications on agricultural productivity for instance IFPRI(2009) projects that in South Asia by 2050 climate change will reduce production of rice, wheat and maize by 14%, 44% to 49% and 9%-19% respectively relative to no climate change situation. Historical temperature yield relationship indicates that at the global scale warming from 1981-2002 very likely offset some of the yield gains from technology advances, rising CO2 and other non climatic factors (Lobell and Field, 2007).
Climate change is currently affecting agriculture because it is causing prolonged droughts, violent flooding, sea level to rise, and also health related issues. Droughts and flooding utterly affect agriculture because it damages cultivation since the amount of water applied to crops and farming is fundamental to the...