AIM: The aim of this topic is to define fiber reinforced concrete and its application, it important properties as well as it superior resistance to cracking. As a result of the ability of fiber to arrest cracks, the composites of fiber possesses an increased in tensile strength both at the first crack and at ultimate, especially under flexural loading, and the fibers can still hold the matrix together even after a lot of cracking.
Introduction
Concrete is a structural material that is weak in tension and they also have brittle properties with a low tensile strength and strain capacity. Fiber reinforced concrete is known as one of the fastest segments in concrete which contain fibrous materials which increase the structural integrity. Fiber reinforced concrete can also be defined as a composite materials which is compose of aggregate, cement and discrete discontinuous fibers. Fibers include natural fibers, glass fibers, synthetic fibers and steel fibers. Fiber is developed recently in the early sixties and when it is added to concrete makes it to be consistent and isotropic in nature. The mode of failure of fiber reinforced concrete is either by bond failure between fiber and matrix or failure of the materials.
The application area of fiber reinforced concrete is an old form of method which helps to improve the characteristics of construction materials. The recent applications include the addition of horse hair to reinforce plaster, asbestos to reinforce pottery and straw to mud bricks.
The role of fibers in concrete is to bridge across the cracks that develop some post cracking ductility and to increase it toughness and types of loading. The uses of reinforced concrete help to increase the strength and ductility but it req...
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...forced concrete beams up to 100 percent.
Column: The use of fibers help in reducing the types of explosives failure for columns and an increase of fiber content slightly increases the ductility of axially loaded strength.
Applications of Fiber Reinforced Concrete: The application of fibers in concrete industries depends on the designer and the builder. The main area where fiber reinforced concrete are applied is as follows:
Runway, Aircraft Parking, and pavements
Tunnel Lining and Slope Stabilization.
Blast Resistant Structures.
Thin Shell, Walls, Pipes and Manholes.
Dams and Hydraulics Structures
Conclusions: From my understanding, it shows that Fiber Reinforced Concrete is a promising material to be used because of it good properties, no workability problem , it helps to control cracks in concrete and it is long lasting in concrete structures.
It has also been discovered that the components of Kevlar fiber, have a radial orientation that is in a crystal. Crystal-like regularity is the largest contributing factor in the strength of Kevlar fiber. PROPERTIES It is five times stronger, yet the same weight as steel. Kevlar Aramid fiber is an improved material, which is an extremely lightweight, man-made organic fiber. Kevlar fiber has a combination of properties, which makes Kevlar a very useful material.
The existence of a basement carpark resulted in the use of concrete as part of the structural makeup of the building. Concrete was also used structurally in the cores and floor slabs for its fire resistance and tensile and compressive strengths.
One of the pioneers who used reinforced concrete as a building material is Auguste Perret. Auguste Perret was heavily influenced by reading the works of Eugène Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc who backed the unification of architectural form and techniques of construction which had lost its technique in the 19th century. Perret spent 1891-1895 in the Académie des Beaux-Arts under the guidance of Julien Guader. He taught his students the classical principles of composition and proportion with the analysis of building types. Perret left ...
Carbon fiber as a building material: in the case of building and construction for many centuries humans have always looked towards natural resources in providing its populations with various building materials, some examples of these materials includes steel from large scale mining and bricks from clay sands. But this has proven to be deadly to our environment, through modern research we have come to understand that the uses of these natural resources have created greater environmental vulnerability. The heavy production of timber creates silt which has been polluting our water systems, and also the mass collection of clay sands and limestone for bricking and concreting purposes has caused top soil erosions which make the environment more susceptible to flooding and landslides. ...
Checking the opening of cracks and stress limits, will not be required for concrete elements. When the tensile flexural stress exceeds the effective tensile strength fcteff, then a check for pre-stressed concrete is required. This should normally occur when sections do not have tendons near the tension face or there is no exposure to chlorides, so decompression doesn’t have to be checked. The analysis using uncracked section will be done in sections controlled for decompression and have tendons near the surface tension. As the cracked section analysis is done by computer, it solves the complexity of the calculations. However, this does not mean that pre-stressed cannot be calculated directly from a set of equations as with crack width checks for RC.
Carbon fiber has applications in professional roles such as aerospace, military, and engineering materials . On their everyday uses carbon fiber is used in high-performance vehicles, sporting equipment, and musical instruments just to name a few. One field many people may not think of that affect a wide range of people is energy with carbon fiber applications for windmill blades, natural gas storage, and transportation, fuel cells.Carbon fiber is also used in Construction for lightweight pre-cast concrete and earthquake protection. Carbon fiber is utilized in oil exploration in deep water drilling platforms and drill pipes
...nd Calderwood 1978; Suaris and Shah 1984), because it requires higher energy to split the fibers from the concrete.
An attempt was made to report the comparative analysis of the modulus of rupture and the splitting tensile strength of normal concrete by (Akinkurolere, 2010). The two properties were usually used to estimate the tensile strength of concrete; however, they didn’t usually yield the same results. Taguchi's optimization technique was employed to reduce the number of trials needed to get the results. The results showed that the splitting tensile strength ranged between 60-80% of the modulus of rupture which was also known as the flexural
Concrete is a composite material used widely in the construction industry. Concrete is basically a mixture of cement, water, aggregates and admixture (sometimes). Cement is a fine gray powder that consists of oxidizes calcium, silicon and aluminum. The aggregate used is normally gravel, crushed stone or sand. Admixture is a solid or liquid substance that gives a certain characteristics of the concrete. The cement reacts with water chemically and binds the aggregates together through a process called hydration during hardening or curing of concrete. It means that water helps in the hardening of the concrete while the cement bind the aggregate and also react with water to form a solid mass.
It is used in aerospace engineering, automotive engineering, civil engineering, and sporting goods. Aerospace engineering utilizes CFPR for the strength and lightweight properties. The Airbus A350 XWB has the highest weight ratio for CFRP at 52%. This includes wing spars and fuselage components. This is one of the first commercial aircrafts to have a structural composite components, the utilization of CFRP has helped optimize aerodynamic efficiency. Using CFRP is a fairly new transition from metallic
There are many examples in nature where composites are used. For example, the coconut leaf is mainly a cantilever that uses the idea of fiber reinforcement. Bones are another examples of composites that support the weight of different body parts. Moreover, there are many engineered composites. For example, the carbon black in rubber or the asphalt mixed with cement.
Concrete is Artificial Stone obtained by mixing cement, sand and aggregates with water. Fresh concrete can be molded into almost any shape which is an inherent advantage over other materials.
3) Super workable concretes have the ability to fill the heavily reinforced sections without internal or external vibration, without segregation and without developing large sized voids
There are considerable differences in published property data for Metal matrix composite. This is partly due to the fact that there are no industry standards for metal matrix composites, as there are for metals. Reinforcements and composites are typically made by proprietary processes, and, as a consequence, the properties of materials having the same nominal composition can be radically different. The issue is further clouded by the fact that many reinforcements and they are still in the developmental stage, and are continually being refined. Numerous test methods are used throughout the industry, and it is widely recognized that this is a major source of differences in reported properties. Some properties cannot be measured as they would be for monolithic metals. For instance, toughness is an important but hard to define material property. Standard fracture mechanics tests and analytical methods for metals are based on the assumption of self-similar crack extension; i.e., a crack will simply lengthen without changing shape. Composites, however, are non-homogeneous materials with complex internal damage patterns. As a result, the applicability of conventional fracture mechanics to metal matrix composite is controversial, especially for fibre-reinforced ma...
Sustainable concrete materials and sustainable steel reinforcement have been introduced to civil engineers to get closer to the sustainable development. Sustainable buildings constructed with use of these materials have shown an increased service life and the final cost has been reduced due to them.