There have been many means and methods in the past decade, fostered to ensure that the construction of buildings, complexes and many enormous structures are made with energy saving measures such as heat dispersal during the summer, and to also ensure the promotion of environmental sustainability such as the control of carbon emissions and greenhouse gases. And by the use of complex and highly innovative building materials like carbon fiber, such feet can be achieved.
What is Carbon fiber: carbon fiber is a very strong material that has a very light weight structure, it is very favorable by many innovative builders due to its many potencies. Carbon fiber is in shortened terms very thin strands of carbon, more thinner than the hair of a human, they are then twisted into a yarn type look and then woven by very complex machinery to help them take on a very definite shape. And then they are finally coated with external materials to attain a finalized formed.
Carbon fiber as a building material: in the case of building and construction for many centuries humans have always looked towards natural resources in providing its populations with various building materials, some examples of these materials includes steel from large scale mining and bricks from clay sands. But this has proven to be deadly to our environment, through modern research we have come to understand that the uses of these natural resources have created greater environmental vulnerability. The heavy production of timber creates silt which has been polluting our water systems, and also the mass collection of clay sands and limestone for bricking and concreting purposes has caused top soil erosions which make the environment more susceptible to flooding and landslides. ...
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Cost of production of carbon fiber: through the use of carbon fiber, we may be able to cut construction costs by up to 80% by using various carbon fiber components (frank R. Field, Richard Roth, and Randolph E. Kirchain.2008). Due to the more reduced tooling and the even simpler assembly and joining of the materials. Carbon fiber about 40 years ago use to cost about 100 dollars a pound but due to various technological advances and high demand for the product and due to its great environmental sustainability features, the price of carbon fiber now costs a cheap 10 dollars a pound which in comparison to some heavy duty building materials such as titanium, it’s found to be much more cheaper. The cost of carbon fiber is first and foremost driven by its manufacture, usually petroleum pedestal precursor’s amount for over half of its production cost.
The minimization of the load occurs through the site orientation of the building and the R-values of the materials used. Although the site is constrained by the historic pattern of the street and houses that are currently there, the building is still able maintain interior temperatures in the ...
Chemical Vapor Deposition is the most popular method for producing CNTs the process involved high temperature, hydrocarbon source such as methane which is decomposed in the presence of a metal catalyst (Ando, 2004). There are various types of Chemical Vapor deposition processes, but this method is recognized as Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition which is comparatively less expensive to Laser Ablation and Arc discharge methods (Ando, 2004). Chemical Vapor deposition is a flexible and lean way to produce Carbon Nano-tubes. It is very versatile process in which source hydrocarbon can be supplied in any form (Solid, Liquid or gas) and we can use substrates such as Ceramic bricks, cement, glass wool etc. The growth of C...
However, the inhalation of some kinds of asbestos fibres is now thought to cause various illnesses, including cancer, and thus most uses of asbestos are banned in many countries. Fibre glass has been found to be a suitable substitute for thermal insulation and woven ceramic fibre performs as well or better as an insulator of high-temperature electrical conductors. Most respirable asbestos fibres are invisible to the unaided human eye because their size is about 3.0-20.0 µm in length and can be as thin as 0.01 µm. Fibres ultimately form because when these minerals originally cooled and crystallized, they formed by the polymeric molecules lining up parallel with each other and forming oriented ... ... middle of paper ... ...
Carbon fiber is the most expensive. However, carbon fiber propellers are more reasonably priced. The other two factors deserve bigger attention.
Fiberglass reinforced concrete doesn’t crack easily where it can be cut without chipping because it is sprayed on, the surface has no bugholes or voids. GFRC used for creative prefabricated architectural cladding. GFRC is an perfect material to use on a variety of roofing structures. It is easy to fix lightweight but tough and unaffected by environmental conditions. It can imitate traditional roofing materials such as slate, natural stone or clay products but unlike these materials it is neither heavy nor brittle. GFRC can be moulded into complex shapes for roofing accessories such as finials, ridges and chimneys. It is non-combustible with a high impact strength and can be used on all types of roof. Next, GFRC use in renovation. Thin lightweight panels are easy to fix and minimise the weight imposed on the existing structure. In addition,GFRC can provide best solutions in the construction of foundations and floors where in-situ concrete floors it can give economic benefits together with excellent appearance. On ground floor concrete slabs, during cold climate insulated GFRC can help in minimising heat loss from the
In conclusion, the designers and builders of the tower have an undesirable job: creating a building that is functional, modern, sustainable and unique. At the same time it is honoring the memory of the people that died in and around the buildings that stood there before. While the green sustainable features have been criticized for being too expensive, they will do more than save just water, electricity and emissions. They and the grace of the building will inspire a generation of green and safe skyscrapers for the twenty-first century. This building has become one of the safest, environmentally friendly and expensive ever built, but as critics slate the building for various reasons, one cannot take away the determination through political, social and economic status that designers and workers have created such a beautiful building with great meaning.
In addition to its more practical benefits noted earlier, concrete is also widely used because of the environmental benefits that can be enjoyed through its use as well. Since the ingredients and process for making concrete are so basic, there is very little impact to the environment in the form of waste, none of which can be considered especially dangerous or toxic. As noted before, concrete is inherently fire retardant. In order for wood, for example, to be made to be fire retardant, it requires the use of specific treatment methods and chemicals. These chemicals can have an adverse reaction on both the environment and even on the workers performing these actions. Furthermore, if disposed of incorrectly, the chemicals used can continue to harm the environment long after the building has been demolished. Another obvious advantage over the use of wood is that concrete use has no effect on
Carbon fibers were discovered in the late 1800s by Thomas Edison. The early lightbulbs Edison created used the carbon fibers as filaments. These carbon fibers used to create the early lightbulbs had a substantial tolerance to heat, but they lacked the tensile strength of modern carbon fibers. Edison used cellulose-based materials, such as cotton or bamboo, to make his carbon fibers. He used a method called “pyrolysis” to cook the bamboo at high temperatures in a controlled atmosphere to carbonize bamboo filaments, making them fire-resistant and capable of enduring intense heat needed for luminescence.
It is a versatile modern industrial material made of Silica in the form of numerous extremely fine filaments. These fibers might be finer than human hair many times and seem in appearance and feel as silk. It is a light weight material and very strong with favorable bulk strength compared with metals and it can be easily formed by means of molding processes. GF is the most prevail fiber reinforcement that used in construction and among the most adaptable industrial materials. They exhibit different useful properties such as transparency, hardness, resistance to chemical attack, inertness, and stability, as well as desirable fiber properties such as strength, stiffness, and flexibility.
Sustainable design seeks to reduce negative impacts on the environment, the health and comfort of building occupants, thereby improving building performance. The basic objects of sustainability are to reduce consumption of non-renewable resources, minimal waste, and create healthy, productive environments (“Sustainable Design”). Focusing primarily on the sustainable design principles, there are five, including: low-impact materials, energy efficiency, quality and durability, design for reuse and recycling, and renewability. As sustainability appears to become the necessary trend in architecture, the question concerning the cost versus outcome of “going green” really an investment or a waste of time and money comes to mind. With our research provided below, we believe the expenses may truly be with the investment in the end.
Carbon is one of the basic elements of matter (Bush 1230-1231). The name carbon comes from the Latin word "carbo" meaning charcoal.Carbon is the sixth most abundant element (Gangson). More than 1,000,000 compounds are made from carbon(Carbon (C)). "The Element Carbon is defined as a naturally abundant non-metallic element that occurs in many inorganic and in all organic compounds, exists freely as graphite and diamond and as a constituent of coal, limestone, and petroleum, and is capable of chemical self-bonding to form an enormous number of chemically, biologically, and commercially important molecules." Carbon is used in diamonds, petroleum oil, radiocarbon dating, smoke detectors, kerosine, gasoline, carbon fiber. (Alcin).
Fabrics can be made of natural and synthetic materials. Natural fabrics, like cotton (NY Fashion Center) for example, are found here on earth while synthetic fabrics are manmade (MV Styles). There are many distinguish ways to determine if a fabric is natural or synthetic. Each fabric is different in its own way due to it reaction to heat, its odor, residue and chemicals (MV Styles). Fabrics are seen and used every day and in every way. Synthetic material has been pushed more into the picture because it much easier to make and the cheapest to buy. Synthetic materials are sometimes made form fossil fuels like coal. Cotton and Broadcloth are natural fabrics; Polyester is synthetic and Flannel in a synthetic blend with cotton. Fabrics are made up of fibers which have their own chemical structure, which determines their classification. Polymers make up the fibers (Ball-Deslich and Funkhouser). Since cotton is natural, it comes from a natural cellulose fiber with the polymer of glucose (Cotton). Polyester is synthetic which can be classified as saturated or u...
Despite the fact that novel technologies are continuously under development to complement existing practices in coming up with greener buildings, the universal intent is that such structures are designed to diminish the general effect on the built environment on health of the humans in addition to the natural environment via: Diminishing environmental degradation, pollution and waste, improving productivity of the employee and guarding occupant health, efficient usage of water, energy, in addition to other resources.
Sustainable buildings are becoming somewhat of a necessity in the world today. As the demand for green building develops, so does the demand for green building materials. Just as the old techniques and building materials seem to disappear in the assembly of things, they are now making a come back. Green building focuses on the efficiency of major resources like water and energy. As the cost for sustainable materials and products are on the decline, building green seems to be the most cost effective kind of design and construction. Looking specifically at green materials and their impact on the production of structures, it is evident that they are a prime choice for building material. The use of green materials should be promoted because they are better for the environment, more healthful for the consumer, and better for the economy.
Buildings consume a variety of materials in their construction. Green design reduces the dependence on resource intensive products and materials. Today, there are an increasing number of products available made from efficient, earth-friendly, or recycled materials. In a green building, consideration is also given to the construction process itself. Materials that minimize waste or can be recycled, help contribute to an efficient and environmentally sensitive construction process.