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Australia's response to the threat of communism Essay
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The threat of Communism on Australia domestic politics was high from 1945 towards the 1950s. The Menzies government presented policies that were directly connected to the communism matter in Australia. These policies were established during the Cold War period, at a time when the fear of communism was at its highest. The fear in Australia was demonstrated by the Petrov Affair. Furthermore, communist fears in Australia were demonstrated by political action and proposed legislation. The Alp spilt was a major turn in the Labor Party in 1955. The 1950's were a time of great distrust and tension over communism on Australian domestic politcis.
Firstly, The Petrov Affair was a spy incident during the cold war in Australia in April 1954, which involved
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After WWII, the Soviet Union wanted to expand the political ideology of communism throughout the world of influence. The capitalist system was seen to be dispersing throughout the world by the support of both the USSR and China. It was believed that it would take over nation-states and that ‘freedom’ would be taken from people in countries such as Australia. In 1945 after more than two decades of intense activity the CPA remained a leading power in the Australian trade union movement. A significant part of its membership was experienced cadres who were confident that they could continue to build the Party’s influence in the trade unions. In the “significance of the communist party case” by George Winterton. It stated “The dissolution Bill Act was designed to ban the Communist Party and affiliated bodies, and to restrict the civil liberties of persons declared by the government to be dangerous or potentially dangerous communists.” As seen in this secondary dialogue it says they are “dangerous” and therefore it would be a threat on communism In Australia. The radical action of the Communist Party Dissolution Bill and the referendum to Ban the Communist Party were both significant parts in the threat of communism …show more content…
The Menzies government presented policies that were directly connected to the communism matter in Australia. The petrov affair reflected the concern of soviet esponiage in Australia. The Dissolution Bill and the referendum to Ban the Communist Party were was to stop the communist party. Finally, the alp spilt was a spilt in the Australian labor party as a result of communism. The threat of Communism on Australian domestic politics was abnormal due from these
In the 1950’s the Second Red Scare also referred to as McCarthyism was in full swing. Fearful of communist overtaking the United States almost everyone, including educators were scrutinized and affected. In the letter “To Dr. William Ross”, Katherine Porter is responding directly to Dr. Ross and his request for an Oath of Allegiance as a condition of her employment at Colorado State University. She is writing during a time when refusal to sign such an oath, often resulted in denial or loss of employment, and destruction of careers. In “To Dr. William Ross”, Katherine Porter effectively uses logos, ethos and pathos to support her claims, and persuade her audience that an oath of allegiance is not necessary for one to be loyal and allegiant to their country.
Almost instantly after the end of World War Two, the tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union began to tear away at the thin bond formed by the two counties' alliance in the war. McCarthy and many other republican politicians believed that the democratic party, along with President Harry S. Truman, were not harsh enough on the communist party and they strongly opposed Roosevelt's New Deal. When the Republicans took control of the presidency in 1952, "McCarthyism," as it is now known. This new movement, McCarthyism, accused some Americans of being communist’s sympathizers and people that were suspected o...
The Communist Government faced some political and economic challenges in the years 1917-28, with the Civil War leading to economic collapse, mass poverty and political crisis. The Communist Government tried to introduce measures to solve these problems, but with every solution there was more political and economic challenges.
Shadowing World War II, there was an amplified fear of communism in Australia. The influence of the threat of Communism in Australian local politics from 1945 to the 1950’s was very strong as you can see through Robert Menzies, the Petrov Affair, The fear of Ussr spies, the royal commission and the Alp split show relevant threats to the Australian Domestic politics by saying they are spies, traitors and liars.
Communism is everywhere. And many people were involved in communism around the world especially during the 1950’s. One main person involved in american communism was Joseph McCarthy. McCarthy, although negatively, was very much involved in the search for communists in the United States of America.
The Red Scare in the 1950’s was actually America’s second red scare. The 1920’s red scare was what helped start suspicion over Communists, but was put off during World War 2. It was no coincidence that what many people called the second red scare ignited after World War 2, during the Cold War, in the 1950’s. The 1920’s red scare started because Americans were paranoid over the fact that Russia may seek revenge after they had overthrown a royal Russian family in 1917. What started Communist ideas in the U.S at the time was the fact that since the war was over many of people were out of jobs which caused people to ask how efficient was the government. The most successful and noteworthy of all the Soviet parties in the 1920’s had to be the International Workers of the World, which was also called the I.W.W or the Wobblies. The Wobblies first strike was on January 21 1919 where about 35,000 shipyard workers struck. They were immediately labeled reds, or Communists. After the first strike mass panic struck the U.S and many major chain stores had to reassure their customers that their workers would not revolt. A mayor named Ole Hansen from Seattle took the Wobblies strikes personally. Strikes continued over the next 6 months and were labeled as “crimes against society”, “conspiracies against the government” and even “plots to establish Communism”. This was when Attorney General A. “
Private industries were often more harsh on their employees suspected of being communist. To avoid public embarrassment that could be detrimental in the ultra- patriotic 1950's they would often hire people who were ultra-patriotic to weed out the communist, or suspected communists in their corporations.
America has endured many difficult times throughout history. One such time is known as the McCarthy era. During the early 1950's, "witch hunts" occurred of suspected communists. One only needed to be suspected of communism to be accused. Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin, in order to gain political power, capitalized on the fear of communism in the United States in the early 1950's by falsely accusing innocent citizens of political corruption, thus creating a lasting impact on the government, entertainment industry, and history of America.
The Communist Manifesto made the oppressed people aware of their status and called them to unite. It did this by outlining the history of classes and class struggle. The Communist Manifesto stated that society and history are shaped by class struggles and that two classes were present in 1848, the bourgeois and the proletariat. The document goes on to state that the bourgeois had created capitalism and were oppressing the proletariat.[1] Marx defines the proletariat as “an appendage of the machine”. [2] He recognized how the proletariats were being exploited and he brought it to the attention of the public. Not only does the Communist Manifesto point out that the proletariats were being exploited, it went a step further and called the proletariats to action. He called the working class the revolutionary class and told them that they had the power to fight the bourgeois.[3] The Communist Manifesto forced the Proletariats to recognize their exploitation. As a result the attitude of the proletariat was changed. Proof that the proletariats attitudes were changed comes from the widespread uprising of revolutions in Europe that followed the publication of the Communist Manifesto.
Karl Marx 's writing of ‘The Communist Manifesto’ in 1848 has been documented by a vast number of academics as one of the most influential pieces of political texts written in the modern era. Its ideologically driven ideas formed the solid foundation of the Communist movement throughout the 20th century, offering a greater alternative for those who were rapidly becoming disillusioned and frustrated with the growing wealth and social divisions created by capitalism. A feeling not just felt in by a couple of individuals in one society, but a feeling that was spreading throughout various societies worldwide. As Toma highlights in his work, Marx felt that ‘capitalism would produce a crisis-ridden, polarized society destined to be taken over by
The red-scare caused fear among the people of communists, so the industrialists would enjoy and promote the public’s red-scare because they used it as a way to stop the up-and-coming unions from existing if possible.
The first reason Americans began fearing the Communist party, is due to the party’s association with Russia and Stalinism. Russia was the most widely known Communist state in the world and the American Communist party’s adoration of it was the best-known thing about them . This became a large problem for the American Communist party when Stalin became a terrifying figure to the average American as knowledge of his atrocities and betrayals began to leak past the Iron Curtain. While most of the American Communists “just didn’t believe” these rumours, the average person did, and they did not see a difference between the American C...
There were many events that lead up to the Bolshevik Revolution. First off, in 1848, Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels published a thought-provoking book. The Communist Manifesto expressed their support of a world in which there was no difference in class. A world in which the workers and commoners ran the show and there was no high and supreme ruler. Many intellectual Russians began to become aware of this pamphlet as well as the advanced state of the world compared to Russia. Other countries were going through an industrial revolution, while the Czars had made it clear that no industrial surge was about to happen in Russia. The popularity of the Czars further went down hill as Nicolas II’s poor military and political decisions caused mass losses in World War I. Eventually, the citizens could take no more and began a riot in St. Petersburg that led to the first Russian Revolution of 1917.
... within the countries and factions within their respective Communist parties, in the 1980’s and early 1990’s (244).