Submitted by: Jasmine Patel Group members: Elizabeth McLeod and Ashley Kozlyk Experiment #: 2 Date Conducted: Section: 4-02 Changes in Matter Objective To find out the different chemical and physical changes in a substance when in contact with another specific substance. Theoretical Background A characteristic property is a property which defines a substance Hypothesis Chalk test hypothesis A crushed piece of chalk will become a powder. Chalk and HCl hypothesis Pouring hydrochloric acid on a piece of chalk will make the chalk disintegrate. Icing sugar and iron filings hypothesis Mixing iron filings with the icing sugar will give the icing sugar a magnetic field. Icing sugar and H2SO4 Pouring concentrated sulfuric acid in a …show more content…
small amount of icing sugar will create a small chemical reaction involving fizzing and bubbling. Nichrome wire hypothesis Placing a nichrome wire into a flame will make the wire glow orange, however it will remain intact. Magnesium strip hypothesis Placing a strip of magnesium into a flame will make it burn brightly momentarily, then it will reduce to ashes. Materials Nichrome wire test: one 5 cm piece of nichrome wire 1 pair of tweezers 1 alcohol burner 1 match 1 hot pad Magnesium strip test: 1 pair of tweezers 1 alcohol burner 1 match 5 cm magnesium strip 1 hot pad 3 pieces of cobalt glass Chalk test: 1 piece of chalk chalk dust Chalk Test and Hydrochloric Acid Test: One 50 ml beaker 20 ml of hydrochloric acid 2 pieces of chalk 1 pair of tweezers Icing sugar and iron fillings test: 1 watch glass icing sugar iron filings 1 spatula 1 magnet Acid and icing sugar test: icing sugar 1 watch glass concentrated sulfuric acid Red and blue litmus paper Procedures Breaking the piece of chalk Record the properties of a piece of chalk Break the piece of chalk into smaller pieces Record the properties of the new, smaller pieces of chalk Hydrochloric acid and a piece of chalk Record the properties of a piece of chalk Pour 20 ml of hydrochloric acid into the 50ml beaker Record the properties of the hydrochloric acid Place the piece of chalk in the acid Remove the piece of chalk from the acid after 5 minutes, using tweezers Record the properties of both the chalk that reacted and the solution obtained Magnetic field of icing sugar Using a spatula, put a small quantity of icing sugar onto the watch glass. Record the properties of the icing sugar Test the effect of a magnet to the icing sugar by placing the magnet under the watch glass. Record results Repeat steps 1 and 2 with iron filings Carefully combine the two substances and test the magnetic properties of the mixture Acid and icing sugar (demonstrated by lab technician) Using a spatula, put a small quantity of icing sugar onto the watch glass. Record the properties of the icing sugar Add about 1ml of concentrated sulfuric acid to the icing sugar sample Let the reaction proceed for 2 or 3 minutes and record the properties of the product obtained Fire and the nichrome wire Record the properties of the nichrome wire Using the tweezers, hold the nichrome wire in the hot part of the flame for about 30 seconds Place the wire on the hot pad and let it cool, then record its properties Fire and the strip of magnesium Record the properties of the magnesium strip Place a piece of blue cobalt glass in front of your eyes Using tweezers, hold the strip in the flame. Once it starts to burn, remove the strip from the flame and hold it over the hot pad, and observe it as it burns through the piece of cobalt glass Record the properties of the substance obtained Results/ Data Breaking a piece of chalk Properties before the change Action Taken Properties after the change White Dense Solid Crush White Broken to dust Solid (but smaller pieces) Powder Chalk and hydrochloric acid mixture Properties before the change Action Taken Properties after the change Chalk: White Dense Solid HCl: Acidic Clear Liquid Combine Chalk: Liquid Fizzy Bubbly HCl: Foggy with foam on top Liquid Icing sugar and iron filings magnetics Properties before the change Action Taken Properties after the change Icing sugar: Powder White Light Solid Iron filings: Powder Gray Solid Large magnetic reaction Combine Icing sugar: Magnetic properties because of the iron Powder Mixture of whites and grays Iron filings: Dark gray powder Magnetic Icing sugar and H2SO4 Properties before the change Action Taken Properties after the change Icing sugar: Powder White Light Solid H2SO4: Liquid Clear Acidic Combine Icing sugar: Turns a blackish/brownish colour H2SO4: Liquid becomes blackish/brown Mixture heats up Burning a nichrome wire Properties before the change Action Taken Properties after the change Gray Metal (but not magnetic) Solid Burn Metal glows when in contact with fire Solid Gray Burning a strip of magnesium Properties before the change Action Taken Properties after the change White/Gray Metal (but not magnetic) Solid Burn White Ashes Solid (but parts that touched the fire are more of a molten metal) Analysis Chalk crushing test It can be noted that when the chalk is crushed, it remains a solid substance, but just crushed into smaller pieces. The chalk retains its normal molecular structure, therefore this tests a physical change in matter. Chalk and HCl When the chalk’s physical appearance was noted, it was noted as solid. Once it was mixed with the hydrochloric acid, its appearance became a liquid with a white, bubbly overlay. The HCl begins the test as a clear liquid, but when mixed with the solid piece of chalk, it becomes a part of the foggy liquid. Icing sugar and iron filings The icing sugar is originally a simple, white power with no magnetic field used for baking.
When it is combined with the iron filings - which have strong magnetic capabilities - it moves with the magnet alongside those filings, giving it a magnetic ability. Icing sugar and H2SO4 Icing sugar is placed into a small watch glass and is noted as a white power. When the clear H2SO4 acid is poured onto the sugar, it becomes a fizzy brown liquid that creates a heat reaction. Burning a nichrome wire A nichrome wire is a thin grey wire to begin with. When it is held into a flame, it bursts into a white wire instead of grey. An interesting remark though, is when the wire is removed from the flame, it returns to its original state of a grey wire. Burning a strip of …show more content…
magnesium Magnesium strips are a malleable grey metal.
When it is in contact with fire, it blasts an eye damaging white light that must only be looked at through the cobalt glass provided. When the burning is over, the strip of magnesium is reduced to white ashes. Source of error During the chalk and hydrochloric acid test, there may have been an insufficient amount of acid when it was poured into the beaker. This was not realized until the chalk was placed into the acid. There was no immediate reaction between the hydrochloric acid and the piece of chalk. This may have caused a slight disturbance during the chemical reaction preventing a perfect result. However in the end, it was clear that the chalk was disintegrating which did not cause any confusion between the results. Conclusion The objective of this lab was to recognize the chemical reactions between different elements and to analyze their properties. For example, the chemical reaction between the chalk and hydrochloric acid, the icing sugar and H2SO4 the and finally the burning magnesium strip have all been proved to be chemical reactions. Meanwhile the other experiments have had a physical change. To conclude, the hypothesis will be supported because the observations made matched with those of the
hypothesis.
Solid A was identified to be sodium chloride, solid B was identified to be sucrose, and Solid C was identified to be corn starch. Within the Information Chart – Mystery White Solid Lab there are results that distinguishes itself from the other 4 experimental results within each test. Such as: the high conductivity and high melting point of sodium chloride, and the iodine reaction of corn starch. Solid A is an ionic compound due to its high melting point and high electrical conductivity (7), within the Information Chart – Mystery White Solid Lab there is only one ionic compound which is sodium chloride, with the test results of Solid A, it can be concluded that is a sodium chloride. Solid B was identified as sucrose due to its low electrical
For this experiment we have to use physical methods to separate the reaction mixture from the liquid. The physical methods that were used are filtration and evaporation. Filtration is the separation of a solid from a liquid by passing the liquid through a porous material, such as filter paper. Evaporation is when you place the residue and the damp filter paper into a drying oven to draw moisture from it by heating it and leaving only the dry solid portion behind (Lab Guide pg. 33.).
A: According to the observations in the table above, I have concluded that icing sugar is the mystery powder. From the very beginning of the experiment it was narrowed down to two substances, icing sugar and cornstarch. It was concluded to be those two because the physical appearance and the texture only matched with icing sugar and cornstarch. The two main factors of finding the mystery powder was the reaction with water and vinegar.
An elements¡¦ reaction to certain substances may be predicted by its placement on the Periodic Table of Elements. Across a period, an element on the left will react with more vigor than one on the right, of the same period. Vertically, as elements are sectioned into groups, the reaction of each element increases as you move down in the same group. With this in mind, the reactions of the substances involved in this experiment may be hypothesized, observed, and validated.
To do so, you must combine one cup of powdered sugar, one tablespoon of melted butter,
The reaction between the sugar in the gummy bear and the melted potassium chlorate in this experiment is an example of an exothermic reaction. An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy as heat or light. When potassium chlorate is melted, it produces potassium chloride and oxygen. When the sugar and oxygen react, energy accumulated in the chemical bonds of the sugar molecules is released. This is a combustion reaction, an exothermic process in which a substance reacts specifically with oxygen to produce heat, water, and carbon dioxide. During the process of combusting the sugar in the gummy bear with oxygen, the products formed are heat, a purple flame (light), carbon dioxide, and water.
How the change of Hydrochloric Acid concentration affects the rate of reaction with Marble Chips
as: a.. * Temperature * Concentration of acid * Surface area of chalk * Pressure Light intensity (this is a very small effect so it doesn't really. count and I won't take it into account). Whether a catalyst is present (in this experiment there isn't one).
== Refer to, Chemistry Lab #1 – What’s the substance? However, I changed some of procedures during my experiment, here is the changes I made in this experiment: * I only used the toothpick to place a small amount of each sample on a separate piece of paper, instead of the spatula.
Introduction: A phase change is a result from the kinetic energy (heat) either decreasing or increasing to change the state of matter (i.e. water, liquid, or gas.) Thus saying, freezing is the phase change from a liquid to a solid which results from less kinetic energy/heat. Also, melting is the phase change from a solid to a liquid which results from adding kinetic energy/heat. So, the freezing and melting point of something is the temperature at which these phase changes occur. Therefore, a phase change will occur when a vial of 10 mL of water is placed into a cup of crushed ice mixed with four spoonfuls with 5 mL of sodium chloride for 30 minutes. If 10 mL of water is placed in an ice bath, it will then freeze at 5 degrees Celsius because the kinetic energy will leave quicker with the ice involved. The purpose of this lab is to observe what temperature the water must be to undergo a phase change.
Planning: I will use marble chips and different concentrations of hydrochloric acid and water to see how it affects the rate of reaction. I will use 30ml of liquid made up of different concentrations of acid diluted with water.
The results from the experiment show that the Law of the Conservation of Mass is correct in the two different experiments. The experiment in an open environment showed that the mass will always stay the same when vinegar and sodium hydroxide react with each other. The mass of each substance was calculated before the reaction, and after the reaction, the mass of the reaction was the same and no mass was lost. In the closed environment experiment that provided gas, the amount of gas complimented to the mass of the other substances and showed that no mass had been destroyed or created. These results prove the hypothesis as the mass of both substances were predetermined before the reaction and proved the mass stayed the same throughout the
By exposing the chocolate and the cookies before the light and heat of the 60-watt light bulb, the students will be able to progressively observe the process of the material melting and make records at every stage of the experiment. Using the 15 seconds step, the students can identify the melt temperature and time of the chocolate under the lab conditions as well as make and analyze their records in the final part of the experiment. The experiment is expected to establish, which of the chocolates and cookies melt faster, and make conclusions about the influence of the consumables ingredients on their physical properties. This corresponds with the TEK 112.11 (5B) procedure, which allows students to “observe, record, and discuss how materials can be changed by heating or
One can create an electromagnet by running an electric current through a wire which in turn will create a magnetic field. An electromagnet may only be a temporary magnet but it has the same magnetic properties as a permanent magnet. Any magnet creates a magnetic field and this magnetic field will contain two ends or polls, one North and one South. The fundamental law of magnets states that ?Opposites attract and likes repel? and the same holds true with an electromagnet. A simple electromagnet can be created by the use of a power source and a piece of wire as shown in Figure 1. The magnetic field created will be stronger then the magnetic field of the earth, effecting the compass and will cause the needle to move in the direction of this newly created magnetic field.
metal situate in the same fassion also creating a magnet. Now that we know the