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Essay on machismo
The Value Of Honour
Essay on the meaning of macho
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Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez portrays the idea of machismo, which is very prevalent in Colombian culture. Machismo is the strong sense of masculine pride, and how men have power over women sexually. Men can do what they want, while the women have to stay pure until marriage; this is a double standard prevalent in Colombian culture. I learned in the presentation that in Colombian culture, women were considered inferior and were looked at as possessions. Marquez grew up in an area that practiced Machismo throughout the whole culture. A big tradition in Colombian culture was the code of honor. The code of honor is a set of rules governing a community based on ideals that define what’s honorable in that community.
I learned in the presentation that maintaining honor was really important and it even governed people’s lives in Columbia. Another tradition in Colombian culture was honor killings; honor killings are the tradition of killing a family member who brings dishonor on the family. These honor killings were supported by women and Prudencia Cotes says in the novel that she wouldn’t have married Pedro if he didn’t do the honor of killing Santiago Nasar. The idea of machismo is prevalent throughout the whole novel of Chronicle of a Death Foretold, by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Signs of masculinity throughout the novel include when Santiago sleeps with a gun and when Pedro shaves with a butcher knife; these are examples of machismo. When Bayardo insists on buying the nicest house in the village, this is him trying to show off his wealth, which in turn shows his masculinity. The idea of honor killings in the novel show how important family honor is in this culture. Marquez uses the Vicario twin brothers to show how the ideal machismo men kill to earn back their honor; this is an important part of machismo culture.
“The Role of Gender and Ethnicity in Perceptions of Rape and Its Aftereffects” by L Schneider and "The Two Faces Of Revenge: Moral Responsibility and The Culture Of Honor" by Tamler. Sommers help me better understand in “Spanish Roulette” how, in a Spanish honor culture, rape is personal not police business, rape stains the honor of both family and the victim and how retaliation is thought to be required to avoid further victimization.
By examining the narrative voice as well as the cultural restraints placed on them, readers can see the sexist culture in the novel and that the novel itself does not necessarily advocate this misogyny. Yunior, a Dominican man, is the overall narrator of the novel, so readers essentially see everything through his masculine eye. When discussing a brief fling with Lola, Oscar’s sister, Yunior says, “Even those nights after I got jumped she wouldn’t let me steal on her ass for nothing. So you can sleep in my bed but you can’t sleep with me?” (Diaz 169) His question suggests that it is his right to sleep with her, and his discussion of Lola herself objectifies her by noting only her body and her refusal to use it. This objectification is clearly sexist, but it is a reflection of the narrative voice, Yunior, not of Lola. Yunior will casually refer to a woman as “a bitch” (Diaz 183), which is clearly demeaning, but it is a man’s view and does not reflect on the substance of the women. It shows readers the culture he was raised in, not an actual portrayal of the women, illustrating a misogynist society but not a misogynistic novel. In the Dominican Republic, gender-based violence is the fourth leading cause of death, hinting at the overall problems caused by the hyper-sexualized nature of the country. Sociologist Denise Paiewonsky
Twinam, Ann. “The negotiations of Honor: Elite, Sexuality, and Illegitimacy in Eighteenth-Century Spanish America”. In The Faces of Honor: Sex, Shame, and Violence in Colonial Latin America, edited by Lyman L. Johnson and Sonya Lipsett-Rivera, 68-102. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1998.
The most important aspect of the chivalric code is honor. Without honor a man is
Before the Nicaraguan Sandinista Revolution had taken place in the late 1970s, male and female gender roles had been clearly and traditionally defined as to how one should behave and conduct one’s self. Men and women identified these ideal traits and behaviors for potential husbands and wives, or as guidelines in how to raise their children, and even so that the family order of gender role was not upset. Traditional male behavior had originally been based around the notion of machismo. In this way, they are meant to act aggressive, violent, dominant, sexually conquer and drink and gamble. Women on the other hand were expected to be soft spoken, obedient and caretaker of the household. Once the Revolution started, and as times were getting harder, the idea of the ideal New Man and woman had changed.
Honor, illegitimacy and sexuality were among the most contested issues especially in the colonial Spanish America (Lavrin 10). In colonial Latin America, the concept of personal honor was more of a mental construct that was expressed through a complex set of social and personal behavioral code that was a prerequisite for acceptance in any given social setting (Lavrin 10). Sexual conduct was referred to as the touchstone of honor because it restrained people from engaging in sexual behavior before marriage (Lavrin 10). Those who were most affected by these assertions were the female due to social consequences emanating from illegitimate children.
“Poverty and exploitation of women in Latin America can never be alleviated because they are rooted in machismo,” meaning that because of the way society was run in Latin American, women can’t advance from the ancient state of mind that they belong in the private sphere and should stay there, because only men are good enough to be out in the public sphere. The reason why society was run in this manner, was because of the machismo feeling engraved in the minds of men and, in some cases, women in society. Alicia, Carolina, and Nancy don’t really have any other choice, than try to survive on their own by doing acts that are not “approved” by the society they live in. Even now, because of their actions, we could even disagree with the way they decided to approach their situation, because even now a day, we could think that selling one’s body or being involved in “off the book”
Marianismo and machismo are the traditional gender roles in Latin America. Marianismo is the aspect of female gender roles while machismo is the aspect of male gender roles. The key belief of machismo is that men hold supremacy over women. For the most part these gender roles conform to traditional understanding of sexuality, masculinity, and femininity. There is only one key contradiction I found when it came to traditional understandings of sexuality, masculinity and femininity. Some people may confuse the meanings of gender, sex, and sexuality. Gender is what a person chooses to define themselves as: masculine or feminine. Sex is biological: male or female. Sexuality is then defined as the expression of sexual interest. These three words connect to one another.
In a society where women are considered less than men, masochism reigns. Masculinity assumes that men are the valuable gender in the world: more intelligent, better problem solvers, and harder workers. It also assumes that women are best led by men: should women should be followers and obey their husbands. In “Beautiful Señoritas,” masochism remains strong. Even today, in certain parts of the Latin world, there are men invested in masculine views, those extremes of superiority are seen in characters such as Don José. The United States has been a worldwide leader in women’s rights and equality, and many cultures and nationalities have lagged far behind in recognizing equality for women. Notably Latin, Middle Eastern and Asian cultures have women in subservient roles, with harsh punishment and outcast from society often the result for women that try to esta...
In the two novellas No One Writes to the Colonel and Chronicle of a Death Foretold, Garcia-Marquez shows the complexity involved in the pursuit of honor. He explains through his writings that preserving honor is essential to live, but can be very harmful to others. The pursuit of honor can cause complex and difficult situations that can either benefit or harm others in a society. It can cause people to either live a truthful life or a false life run by lies and illusion. In the process of attaining honor strong relationships and friendships can fall apart. The pursuit of honor can give liveliness and vigor to people or put them people into a state of paralysis.
Lady Macbeth is the culprit of manipulating Macbeth which leads to disastrous events making her responsible for the evil that dwells in Macbeth. Lady Macbeth calls Macbeth’s masculinity into question to encourage him to kill King Duncan. King Duncan arrives at Inverness, and Lady Macbeth and Macbeth set a plan in motion to kill the King Duncan so Macbeth can obtain his position as king. Everyone is patiently waiting for a delicious feast inside the castle. As Macbeth enters gradually, he is reluctant and has second thoughts deciding whether or not to kill the king but then considers to kill King Duncan after Lady Macbeth encourages him. As Lady Macbeth enters, she tells Macbeth that the King wants to see him. After deciding whether to kill
In Shakespeare's Macbeth Lady Macbeth is one of the most dominant characters in the play. She is the wife of Protagonist Macbeth. In many parts of the play she characterizes herself as a manipulative ambitious woman who will do anything for power. Lady Macbeth uses her masculinity as a way to get what she wants. As a female she wants to become stronger like a man so that she can commit all the acts of violence she would like to. Throughout the play we realize that Lady Macbeth lives vicariously through Macbeth. She uses her words and his masculinity, which is very important to Macbeth, to get inside his head and make him become the vicious killer he is by the end of the play. As the play goes on Lady Macbeth starts to feel more guilt
In Latin America, women are treated differently from men and children. They do lots of work for unexplainable reasons. Others for religious reasons and family orders and others because of the men involved. Women are like objects to men and have to obey their orders to either be rich or to live. Some have sex to get the men’s approval, others marry a rich man that they don’t even know very well, and become slaves. An important book called Chronicles of a Death Foretold is an example of how these women are treated. Purisima del Carmen, Angela Vicario's mother, has raised Angela and her sisters to be good wives. The girls do not marry until late in life, rarely socializing beyond the outsides of their own home. They spend their time sewing, weaving, washing and ironing. Other occupations include arranging flowers, cleaning up the house, and writing engagement letters to other men. They also keep the old traditions alive, such as helping the sick, comforting the dying, and covering the dead. While their mother believes they are perfect, men view them as too tied to their women's traditions. The men are afraid that the women would pay more attention to their job more than the men. Throughout the book, the women receive the respect they deserve from the men and others around them.
Traditional gender roles exist in Gabriel Garcia Marquez’ novel One Hundred Years of Solitude, but traditional distribution of power between the genders does not. In analyzing each character and their life, it’s easy to see how Marquez presented each in terms of his own view on gender constructs. Marquez portrays femininity and masculinity very differently. But why would Marquez choose to make such a clear distinction between the roles of each gender? Marquez sees women as spiritual and overpowered by traditional standards, and men doomed by their own obsessions. Men are wily and therefore vulnerable, whereas women are dignified and durable, and survive for much longer.
In Chronicle of a Death Foretold, women are portrayed as characters that are required to abide by cultural and social norms that are found in Catholic and Colombian societies. An example of this would be in the form of the character Angela Vicario. From a very conservative family, the daughters of Purísima del Carmen