Examples Of Free Will In Macbeth

A topic that is much explored within Shakespeare’s Macbeth is that of fate and free will. The tragedy of Macbeth demonstrates that everyone is ultimately responsible for shaping their destinies through their choices and actions. This theme is most exemplified in Macbeth’s transformation from Thane of Cawdor to King of Scotland. Since Macbeth becomes King of Scotland through his decision to murder Duncan, it is free will, not fate, that induces his destiny. This idea is evident when Macbeth states, “If chance will have me king,/ why, chance may crown me without my stir” (I, iii, 143-144). Macbeth believes that if fate will lead him to kingship, he need not act to ensure the witches’ prophecy becomes fulfilled. However, once he takes matters

This quotation marks a key event in the play, one in which Macbeth admits that he will murder Duncan to become King of Scotland. He hyperbolically proclaims that every aspect of his body is prepared for the act of killing Duncan. Macbeth’s control over his body at the moment of his decision supports the notion of his free will, demonstrating that the principal force propelling him to commit the crime of murder is himself. In addition, the hyperbolic nature of this quotation indicates some enthusiasm at the act of murdering Duncan. Though he is influenced by the tauntings of his wife, his investment in the crime reveals that the ultimate decision to murder Duncan is made by Macbeth alone. One of the hallmarks of free will is choice, and Macbeth’s ability to evaluate his choices is also indicative of his agency. Within Act I, Macbeth is faced with the choice of killing Duncan and seizing his destiny, or doing nothing in the hopes that he will become king by chance. In an earlier passage, Macbeth evaluates these choices by remarking on the negative consequences and moral implications of murder, expressing hesitation at having to kill