Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Human and animal cloning
Cloning in medicine essays
Is cloning the future of medicine
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Human and animal cloning
Cloning is a very important scientific and medical discovery. Therapeutic cloning especially. Therapeutic cloning is the production of stem cells for organ and tissue repair. The stem cells would be provided from an almost exact clone of the person. There are types of cloning that are banned though, such as reproductive cloning (the production of genetically identical individuals) as of 1996, and no cloning is allowed to receive federal/government funding in the United States of America. While some cloning is bad or unrealistic, one type of cloning that should be allowed is therapeutic cloning for medicinal reasons and it needs more money to be researched. Cloning has been a topic of discussion and scientific interest for many years. Research has been conducted on on cloning since the 1880’s. Animal cloning has been very successful, while human cloning has not had the same exact record of success. British biologist John Gurdon in 1962 cloned tadpoles by injecting intestine cells from an adult frog into nucleus lacking eggs. The tadpoles did not survive to adulthood but this discovery paved the way for further interest and research into cloning. Dolly the sheep is another important example of cloning. She was cloned from a somatic cell. Human cloning has been unsuccessful in the past with many lies and fails in experiments. An …show more content…
“Because the stem cells created by human therapeutic cloning are derived from the patients themselves, there can be no problem with immunological rejection, as happens with donor transplants” (Aldridge, 12). Susan Aldridge also wrote in her article about how this would end the ever growing demand versus supply of needed organs for transplants. This wouldn’t be the only problem it solves though. It could also cure diseases such as diabetes and alzheimer's, not temporarily, but completely, to name a few. It would also make large changes to the medical science
Therapeutic cloning is the process whereby parts of a human body are grown independently from a body from STEM cells collected from embryos for the purpose of using these parts to replace dysfunctional ones in living humans. Therapeutic Cloning is an important contemporary issue as the technology required to conduct Therapeutic Cloning is coming, with cloning having been successfully conducted on Dolly the sheep. This process is controversial as in the process of collecting STEM cells from an embryo, the embryo will be killed. Many groups, institutions and religions see this as completely unacceptable, as they see the embryo as a human life. Whereas other groups believe that this is acceptable as they do not believe that the embryo is a human life, as well as the fact that this process will greatly benefit a large number of people. In this essay I will compare the view of Christianity who are against Therapeutic Cloning with Utilitarianism who are in favour of Therapeutic Cloning.
Human cloning research has once been the subject of terrifying science-fiction films and novels, science experiments gone wrong, accomplished only by the evil scientists twirling their moustaches. However, ideas presented on page and screen are rarely accurate. The possibility of cloning an exact copy of another human with one already fully developed is almost impossible, but through meticulous research, scientists have discovered the numerous benefits of cloning humans, either with individual cells or an embryo.
Cloning, especially human cloning attracts increasingly more attention after the first mammal cloning animal Dolly born in 1997. Cloning is divided into two categories: therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Therapeutic cloning is more related to tissue level cloning to transplant healthy cells and reproductive cloning is individual level cloning. Thus, the term cloning in this essay is used to describe both individual level and tissue level cloning. Public have different views. Some people support it because of its medical value, yet some people argue that it may bring many safety risks and moral problems. Hence, decisions ought to be made to identify the extent of cloning. Therefore, this essay introduces two major benefits of human cloning on disease therapy and analysis two arguments against it on safety and ethical issues.
The concept of cloning has been around since the 1800’s, although, in the field of scientists, it has slowly been evolving into a vigorously debated topic, throughout the last 3 decades. Cloning is essentially defined as the process of artificially reproducing genetically identical organisms. Scientists all around the world, through research, are still learning more about the topic, but the fascinating process officially gained awareness as a result of a 1986 experiment conducted by Ian Wilmut, scientist at the Roslin Institute in Scotland. The project was essentially centred around a sheep referred to as “Dolly” that was cloned in a lab using a frozen mammary cell from another adult sheep. At the time, this was a significant milestone in the field, as all cloning up to this point had been done using embryos, and never actual adult cells. The Dolly experiment served as a catalyst for additional intensive research, which consequently resulted in a myriad of new benefits and uses for cloning. From that point on, we have made many advancements, and currently, in our modern day society, scientists are more capable of putting their research into practice, with the assistance of the constant improvements in technology. The method of cloning has already been implemented as a solution to infertility, and plants and animals can be cloned for the purpose of creating new possible food alternatives. The main benefit of cloning revolves around health, as lives can be saved or prolonged, thanks to a theoretically simple process known as organ transplantation, where for example, the parts from a cloned pig can be used to replace those malfunctioning, in a human. If scientists keep doing research on the topic at the current rate, and conducting e...
Cloning is a recent innovative technique the National Institute of Health defines as a process employed to produce genetically identical copies of a biological entity. Depending on the purpose for the clone, human health or even human life can be improved or designed respectively. “Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is the most common cloning technique. SCNT involves putting the nucleus of a body cell into an egg from which the nucleus has been removed."^1 From this technique, an embryonic cell is activated to produce an animal that is genetically identical to the donor. Today, human cloning still remains as a vision, but because of the success of Dolly, the lamb, researchers are becoming more confident in the ability to produce a genuine
Cloning is vital in American society because it will help us further our knowledge in genetics. Also cloning will make us realize how much scientists can actually accomplish knowing how to clone. Scientists were able to clone an animal in 1997. That accomplishment made all the scientist’s theories about cloning possible. It gave the scientists hope that one day they will maybe be able to clone a human because they were able to clone a mammal. Eugenics is also vital to American society. Eugenics is the practice of improving human’s genetic quality of the human population as a whole. Cloning plays a huge role in science. It’s all about genetics and DNA and what humans can do to further our knowledge with the human anatomy. Not all people agree with cloning and eugenics like some scientists do which causes a lot of controversy.
The success of the experiment was the starting point to animal cloning and further progression of cloning in general. In bioethics, the dissimilar notion of human cloning has been a very controversial yet sensitive issue which essentially questions the morals and principles of cloning as well as the merits of science and biology. Due to the breakthroughs in science, researchers have made outstanding advancements in biological science; however, the ideology of cloning is still a strong provocative issue. It not only provokes worry on the ethical issues and concerns of the use of biotechnology, but it also raises the question is contemporary artificial cloning justifiable? Most people argue that human cloning is not morally and ethically acceptable due to both religious concerns and long-term health problems.
4) Kassirer JP, “Should human cloning be off limits?” The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 338, no. 2 (June 1998), pp. 905-906
In recent years our world has undergone many changes and advancements, cloning is a primary example of this new modernism. On July 5th, 1995, Dolly, the first cloned animal, was created. She was cloned from a six-year-old sheep, making her cells genetically six years old at her creation. However, scientists were amazed to see Dolly live for another six years, until she died early 2005 from a common lung disease found in sheep. This discovery sparked a curiosity for cloning all over the world, however, mankind must answer a question, should cloning be allowed? To answer this question some issues need to be explored. Is cloning morally correct, is it a reliable way to produce life, and should human experimentation be allowed?
Recent discoveries involving cloning have sparked ideas of cloning an entire human body (ProQuest Staff). Cloning is “the production of an organism with genetic material identical to that of another organism” (Seidel). Therapeutic cloning is used to repair the body when something isn’t working right, and it involves the production of new cells from a somatic cell (Aldridge). Reproductive cloning involves letting a created embryo develop without interference (Aldridge). Stem cells, if isolated, will continue to divide infinitely (Belval 6). Thoughts of cloning date back to the beginning of the twentieth century (ProQuest Staff). In 1938, a man decided that something more complex than a salamander should be cloned (ProQuest Staff). A sheep named Dolly was cloned from an udder cell in 1997, and this proved that human cloning may be possible (Aldridge). In 1998, two separate organizations decl...
Due to such negative reactions towards cloning the public is never given the opportunity to actually go into depth about what exactly cloning does. There are two types of cloning, one of the two, “reproductive cloning is when the creation of an individual has identical genetic material to an existing being” (Bargalow). In comparison, therapeutic cloning is the removal of genetic material to clone and mend a patient's cells, organs, or
One of the most beneficial aspects to cloning is the ability to duplicate organs. Many patients in hospitals are waiting for transplants and many of them are dying because they are not receiving a needed organ. To solve this problem, scientists have been using embryonic stem cells to produce organs or tissues to repair or replace damaged ones (Human Cloning). Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, hearts, lungs, livers, and kidneys can all be produced. By combining the technology of stem cell research and human cloning, it will be possible to produce the needed tissues and organs for patients in desperate need for a transplant (Human Cloning). The waiting list for transplants will become a lot shorter and a lot less people will have to suff...
The term “cloning” was constructed by the British geneticist J.B.S. Haldane in 1963; the word derives from the Greek word “κλαδάκι”, which is translated to “twig” in English. Although cloning is commonly seen as artificial, asexually reproduction usually coveided by plants can be considered as cloning too. A clone is an identical replicated copy by some conscious design. Cloning techniques have dramatically improved throughout the past years, revolutionizing our future in this area of study. This process has been proven successful on variant occasions. Several species such as frogs, mice, sheep and cows have been skillfully copied through trial and error. In fact, when this technique began success rate were and still is quite low. Dolly (a
Pr: First I will be talking about what is human cloning and what “ethical” means, then the medical benefits, and lastly the scientific research and possibilities.
This dialogue is between two students at the university. Steve is a little uncomfortable about cloning, while Sally presents many valid arguments in favor of it. Steve presents many moral questions that Sally answers.