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Cause-effect essay
Cause-effect essay
Theory on the solutions to crime
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We Are All Tired of the “Blame-Game” Cyril Connolly once said, “Slums may well be breeding grounds of crime, but middle class suburbs are incubators of apathy and delirium”. This is the common attitude about crime in this day and age. There is no doubt that there has been a recent increase in crime. However, our society is constantly playing the “blame-game.” In the articles “Romanticizing ‘Broken Windows” by Charles M. Blow and “Broken Windows’ Policing Does Work” by Heather Mac Donald, both authors are tip-toeing around the real issues and solutions, and, instead, fighting about what, or who is at fault for crime on the climb. In all reality, does it really matter what the major cause is? Do we really need to know the root to fix the problem? …show more content…
They bend over to grab a book out of their bag, and when they sit back up they see that their pencil is not on their desk anymore. They then get up out of the desk and start screaming and pointing fingers and saying “Did you take my pencil? Did you?” instead of just grabbing a new one out of their bag, and fixing the whole problem. This is called the “blame-game.” One of the many articles that is playing this famous game is “Romanticizing ‘Broken Windows’ policing” by Charles M. Blow. Blow places many causations in his piece. He says the reasons for the increase in crime is rebellion against police for their racial tendencies during stop-and-frisk procedures, as well as fear of police due to “police bashing,” (Blow 1) or cop’s use of the “iron fist” (Blow 1) and excessive force. Although Blow does a great job of arguing his points, the only point he derives that contests to a solution is expressed nonchalantly at the end of his rant. He believes that terminating fear of “prosecutions for run-of-the-mill policing” (Blow 1) will end the crime wave. Too much emphasis was put on the causes of the crime wave. As the reader, I felt as if the dilemma almost does not matter to Blow at all. He does not come across as actually wanting to fix the problem, rather it seems as if what he really wants is the simple affirmation from his readers. Yes, Blow, “correlation is not causation,” but arguing causation will not give you a solution. …show more content…
There is absolutely no doubt that there is a serious and impactful problem at hand. This we unquestionably cannot turn our backs to. After all, none of us want our children growing up in a place where they are scared to go out and play in their own backyard because of rampant crime. It is essential to nip the growing crime in the butt before it gets any worse than it already is. The articles “Romanticizing ‘Broken Windows” by Charles M. Blow and “Broken Windows’ Policing Does Work” by Heather Mac Donald do not strive to achieve this goal. Instead, both play opposing roles in the “blame-game.” In these two articles, a proposition is made, but not explained. Any resolution mentioned in either piece is easy to miss, simply because of the amount of emphasis that is taken off the solution, and, instead, put to a cause. The question we should be asking ourselves and our communities is: How will we fix this problem? What will we do to make out communities safer, for our children? It does not matter if media, riots, or race has created such a growth in crime. What matters is resolving the problem. The solution is quite unpretentious, in order to reduce such high crime in our communities, we should increase outreach programs for first and repeat offenders of smaller crimes so they may get back on their feet and ditch their criminal pasts
Through the first chapter of this book the focus was primarily on the notion of controlling crime. The best way to describe crime policy used in this chapter is comparing it to a game of ‘heads I win, tails you lose’. This chapter also addresses the causes for decline in America’s
Some policy supporters argued that the strategy reduce crime rate even though there are no empirical data to support their claim. This policy shed a light on the negative perception that community has regarding community policing. I chose the second article “An analysis of the new york city police department 's 'stop-and-frisk ' policy in the context of claims of racial bias” by Gelman Fagan & Kiss (2007) would assist me because it dealt with racial bias in community policing and its shows how certain minorities groups are racially profiled through the process of ‘stop-and frisk.’ My topic focuses on community policing and this policy will give an argued to know the route of the distrust communities has towards law enforcement
In this particular chapter I am focusing on, Walker broaches the topic of “unleashing the cops”, a concept that he assumes Conservatives believe is one of the main solutions to decreasing crime. In the crime control agenda for Conservatives, they expect increasingly rigorous police patrol, which would be done by expanding the number of units available for patrol whose focus is either on intense crackdowns on specific crime or general focus on certain areas and crimes as a whole. They also expect the criminal justice system to give police in general more powers that have otherwise been restricted by the Constitution on matters of obtaining evidence and coercing admissions of guilt.
When New York City had a new leftist mayor, many foreshadowed there would be a significant rise in crime spanning over a few years. The new mayor, Bill de Blasio, was to blame. De Blasio wanted to reform city measure, but he went about it in a different way. De Blasio talked and listen more to ex-cons on this matter, putting their options and advice to the forefront of his mind. Many of them rallied for reducing police stratagems to reduce New York City’s crime rates. It was believed that de Blasio agreed with this idea because of his thoughts on some of the tactics New York City’s police officers used. De Blasio fought against “Stop and Frisk”, because of how they unjustly discriminated against young, African American males and put their safety at risk.
During the 1970’s to the early 1990’s there had emerged two new approaches to the study of crime and deviance. The discipline of criminology had expanded further introducing right and left realism, both believe in different areas and came together in order to try and get a better understanding on crime and prevention. There were many theorists that had influenced the realism approaches such as; Jock Young (Left Wing) and James Wilson (Right Wing).
This era is where the shift from a centralized task force has gravitated to a decentralized task force, causing some friction from both the community and the officers that serve it. Police are told that they are needed to listen to the concerns for the community; however, law enforcement is still the primary goal. Police forces now have to defend the values for which the forces were built upon. The idea of problem solving has come into question with police discretion towards certain run-ins with the law. Williams and Murphy argue it is due to the lack of sensitivity from minorities and the concern on crime itself than the community. Kelling and Moore contradict Williams and Murphy, with Kelling/Moore suggesting the era is more about listening to concerns of the community and improving the citizen satisfaction. But both the article came to the conclusion of the silent underlying problems that are becoming more of a “quiet riot” with the police and the
Young, J. (1981). Thinking seriously about crime: Some models of criminology. In M. Fitzgerald, G. McLennan, & J. Pawson (Eds.), Crime and society: Readings in history and society (pp. 248-309). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
When people fight, they usually do so under the premise that their enemy has done something wrong. Whether or not the fighters are under a false premise, both parties know why they are fighting and why their enemy is fighting back. They are partaking in reciprocated violence; both parties are accusing the other of committing wrong against them. However, not all cases of violence are reciprocal. Some are unilateral, in which a large majority group is attacking a smaller group or person. One example of unilateral violence would be the act of scapegoating, when a group puts a minority at fault for their own troubles or mistakes. The practice of scapegoating has Biblical origins but has likely been used in prehistoric societies and it still lives on today.
Conscious efforts to critique existing approaches to questions of crime and justice, demystify concepts and issues that are laden with political and ideological baggage, situate debates about crime control within a socio-historical context, and facilitate the imagination and exploration of alternative ways of thinking and acting in relation to crime and justice. (p. 3).
Crime is a part of society encompases the news and the public. A variety of studies of media content have estimated that as much as 25 percent of the daily news is devoted to crime (Surette 1992) and that crime is the largest major category of stories in the print and electronic media (Chermak 1994, 103). (Lawrence 18). With crime at an all time high, police are constantly having to deal with more and more issues. This can lead to stressed out and fed up officers, which can lead to poor decisions by an officer. The use of force by police is a highly controversial topic as it raises questions about a government’s ability to use force against its citizens (Lawrence 19). Today’s society is caught up on the ideals of civility and equality before the law, making police use of force a touchy
Kelling and Catherine Coles, released the definitive work on the broken windows theory: Fixing Broken Windows - Restoring Order and Reducing Crime in Our Communities. In this work, the authors would go further, and demonstrate the causal relationship between violent crime and the not prosecution to misdemeanors. As the disorder leads to crime, tolerance for petty crimes and misdemeanors, inevitably leads to violent crime. The authors attribute the original “growth of disorder” in the 1960’s due the valorization and combination of decriminalization of public drunkenness and deinstitutionalize the mentally ill. The main window for this backspace in America were vagrancy and loitering laws. These both, opened a gap for the drunks and panhandlers take back the streets second the
There have been many contributors when it came to tackling anti-social behaviour and preventing crime however, the most influential contributors are Wilson and Kelling. They came up with the theory of broken window which will be further explain in this essay. This essay will outline the broken window theory, as well as explain what is meant by broken window. Finally it will give examples that exemplify the broken window theory. (Maguire, Morgan and Reiner, 2012)
If a crime is portrayed as ‘out of control’ or perceived as ‘dangerous’ to a community through the media, it could create social repercussions, such as isolation of consumers who believe that their community is in a high-crime or high-violence area. Statistics recorded from the Australian Institute of Criminology confirms property crime, such as break and enter, burglary, vehicle theft and shoplifting are continually being reported at a higher rate than violent crime (Media portrayals of crime, 2000). In 2013 alone, there were approximately 739,317 property offences in total (homicide incidents, 2017). Therefore, the increase in property offences in society was the highest recorded in 2013, compared to violent crimes that decreased by a total of 151,714 in the same reviewed period. In addition, this evidence shows that the majority of crime in our society is not of a violent nature.
I can remember coming home one night to gun shots, just like every other night but this night was different; it struck a nerve with me, I began to look around and noticed the state of my neighborhood. I was thinking to myself, there has to be something that can be done, there has to be some way to take care of our neighborhood. Thinking of different ideas and doing research of different communities, I came with some ideas of how this can be done. Most neighborhoods stick together during terrible situations, have community meetings, and volunteer to clean up the neighborhood. The term “don’t snitch” is the reason violence in my neighborhood is the way it is; letting go of not being a “snitch” and standing up to the people who are committing
You can’t turn on the television, or read the paper without hearing about violence in our cities and world. In a report from “Stand Up for Kids” in Chicago, they analyze the relationship between low wages, income inequality, and the epidemic of violence in Chicago’s low income neighborhoods. This report found that in 2012 there were nearly 7,700 gun-related crimes reported in the city. The city of Chicago has the third highest overall metropolitan poverty rate in the nation. Nearly one quarter of all Chicago residents live below the federal poverty threshold according to this report. ("Chicago Not Only Leads the Nation in Gun Violence Rates, but Also in Measures of Urban Poverty." Stand Up Chicago, 1 Feb. 2013. Web. 7 Oct. 2014.) Decades of research have demonstrated that there is a statistically significant link between low wages, income inequality and crime. The analysis presented in this report shows that when a city’s economic conditions improve, the violent crime rates go down.( "Chicago Not Only Leads the Nation in Gun Violence Rates, but Also in Measures of Urban Poverty." Stand Up Chicago, 1 Feb. 2013. Web. 7 Oct. 2014.) Parents and children are turning to violent acts to provide for their family needs. Policy makers and the government need to address the issues of persistent poverty and income inequality such as raising the minimum wage to a living wage and create satisfying jobs for the