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Case studies on prosopagnosia
Case studies on prosopagnosia
Case studies on prosopagnosia
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Prosopagnosia
A Review of the Literature
Acquired Prosopagnosia vs. Developmental Prosopagnosia
Acquired prosopagnosia refers to when the onset of prosopagnosic symptoms occur after brain trauma, resulting in damage to the cortex of the brain from hitting the inside of the skull (Bodamer, 1947). It can also refer to the initiation of symptoms after brain tissue dies (ischemia) such as from loss of blood supply like from a stroke, or a neurodegenerative disease (Villa et al., 2013, pg. 375).
Developmental prosopagnosia, also referred to as congenital prosopagnosia or even hereditary prosopagnosia, is characterized by no apparent brain damage that might cause the symptoms. Developmental prosopagnosia seems to affect mostly Caucasians (Kennerknecht, Ho & Wong, 2008, pg. 2863), and about 2% of the population- to put it in perspective, the same percentage as that of dyslexia (Grüter, 2010, pg. 511) (Susilo & Duchaine 2013, pg. 423) (Kennerknecht, Ho & Wong, 2008, pg. 2863). The difference between the terms developmental prosopagnosia, congenital prosopagnosia, and hereditary prosopagnosia depends on when one believes the disorder affects the brain; developmental prosopagnosia is a more general term, describing the cause of symptoms as being a result of “anomalies occurring at any time during the development of the mechanisms used for face recognition,” (Susilo & Duchaine, 2013, pg. 425). Congenital prosopagnosia refers to the theory of prosopagnosia being present at birth or early infancy (Susilo & Duchaine, 2013, pg. 425). Hereditary prosopagnosia is, quite clearly, a growing research area at the moment, linking prosopagnosia to a gene. Some evidence shows a very high correlation of prosopagnosia in first-degree relatives (Kenner...
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...re either out of date or present controversial evidence (Grüter et al., 2008, pg. 82) (Dalrymple, 2010, pg. 2554-2555) (Rossion, 2008). The specific contributions of each structure is highly debated and continuously being researched. It is agreed upon that damage to any combination of these area is necessary and sufficient to produce facial recognition deficits (Rossion, 2008, pg. 424). Common ways to test the activity in the brain when it is processing faces is by using different event related potentials. One such ERP is the N170, which is believed to be particularly more sensitive to faces than to objects (Towler et al., 2012) (Dalrymple, 2010). However, researchers are not convinced that it actually is face specific (Earp, 2013). The p300 is used as well to test how long it takes the brain to recognize a face after being exposed (Towler et al., 2012, pg. 3588).
Agnosia is a sickness that could happen when the patient have damage in certain area of the brain. Agnosia is the conscious inability to identify sensory stimuli not due to deficits in sensory, verbal, or cognitive abilities. (Pinel, 2007). There are many different form of Agnosia even though popular cases base on to memory and visual perception. There are many cases of Agnosia cause by different cortial area impacted.
Understanding of Children with Congenital Profound Visual Impairment." British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 22.1 (2004): 1-17.
It is estimated that 1 in 4 million newborn children are affected with this syndrome worldwide. It starts with the children suffering from scleroderma, which makes the skin appear scaly and thin. Within the first year there is a slowing in their growth rate and weight gain the physical development becomes stagnant, at two to three years of age their hair starts to fall out and they lose subcutaneous fat. The intelligence, and emotional development of children with progeria are on pare with children the same age but not affected by the syndrome (Hennekam, 2006 pp. 2603-2624).
Webster dictionary defines synaesthesia as “a subjective sensation or image of a sense other than the one being stimulated” (Wyld,1963). Synaesthesia is a condition that causes someone to have associations of usually color with certain everyday things, such as numbers or letters. There are several different types of synaesthesia that will be discussed in this paper digit-color synaesthesia, odor-color synaesthesia, and person- and music-color synaesthesia. A common effect that is discussed when talking about synaesthesia is the McCollough effect. This effect is a wonder of humans and their visual perception where colorless gratings appear to have a color.
People tend to forget the negative parts of the past, holding onto the positive and idealizing it to create nostalgia. It is easy to romanticize and live in the past in order to avoid difficulties in the present. The past becomes a false illusion and an enchanted safe haven from the corruption in reality. However, trying to apply false illusions into reality leads to isolation and corruption. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s book, The Great Gatsby, investigates the detrimental effects of craving the false sense of security in the past. Gatsby’s obsession of a false hope and idealization of the past contrasts the Lost Generation’s attempt to find self-fulfillment after war and the American Dream disillusioned them.
...l attributes, or clothing to recognize others. Face blindness is thought to be the result of abnormalities, damage, or impairment in a fold in the brain that appears to coordinate the neural systems that control facial perception and memory—the right fusiform gyrus. Face blindness can be caused by a stroke, a traumatic brain injury, or certain neurodegenerative diseases. While no treatment for this disorder yet exists, there are certain methods of therapy that can be used. It is possible to manage the disorder by using alternative cues to recognize other people. Future research and studies of types of face blindness will produce a better understanding of the specific locations and important roles of brain areas involved in ordinary facial perception and recognition. Such breakthroughs may lead to treatment methods and one day to a possible cure for face blindness.
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder is a severe condition in which a child will develop normally until age 3 or 4, then rapidly lose already learned skills such as communication skills, motor ability, nonverbal behaviors, and social skills over the course of a few months (Zieve, 2012). Theodore Heller originally described the condition and reported his findings in 1908. It has been only recently that the disorder has been recognized as a clinical condition and was included into the DSM-IV in its 1994 release (Westphal, 2014).
Evolution has evolved our brains into complex machines capable of computing the most intricate mathematical equations that compose our universe. Yet this highly functioning and introspective device is often subject to disease and injury. Prosopagnosia, or the inability to process facial recognition data, commonly known as “face blindness,” is a complex and highly involved disorder that pertains to multiple bilateral regions of the brain. Correctly identifying facial emotion is imperative for the survival of any sentient being and we continually strive to understand how and why some brains are unable to engage this simple mechanism. This research paper looks at prosopagnosia and its effects on processing facial emotion. It will cover the complexities of this disorder, as well as reviewing other neural abnormalities to illustrate how each part of the brain helps or hinders the processing of input data.
In the world of science there are many discoveries. “A discovery is like falling in love and reaching the top of a mountain after a hard climb all in one, an ecstasy not induced by drugs but by the revelation of a face of nature … and that often turns out to be more subtle and wonderful than anyone had imagined.” (Ferdinand Puretz). Most people in the world we live in lack to notice and or appreciate the gift of sight in life. By not cherishing the gift of sight and using it properly, many discoveries are left unfound. In the writing piece, Seeing, Annie Dillard speaks of nature and the small things that we all are unconsciously blind to and not appreciative of. Seeing explores the idea of what it means to truly see things in this world. Annie Dillard’s main point is that we should view the world with less of a meddling eye, so that we are able to capture things that would otherwise go unnoticed. There’s a science to how we view things in nature. Dillard attempts to persuade her reader to adopt to her way of seeing, which is more artificial rather than natural.
Visions are truly a mystery to our world. Only certain people have the ability to have visions, it is often confused with dreams but visions are a whole different thing. It is full of wonders and unanswered questions and sometimes leaves a small trace of a magical presence. There are many mysteries to unravel and discoveries to analyze the meaning to. The adventure that the visions takes you on is yours, it has control of your mind and will take your mind into a wild roller coaster ride.
From the outside looking in, people might see a series of peculiar expressions, an odd distraction, and an unparalleled eye connection, but they see you nevertheless. Although in return, why couldn't you do the same? You frantically scour their physical features: their ears, their hair, “the way they move”, anything that distinguishes them. Their image seems clear in person, but the moment they leave, their face becomes a mismatched puzzle as the details become hazier within seconds. Prosopagnosia, commonly known as face blindness, is a condition where part of the brain that recognizes familiar faces fails to develop due to brain injury or a genetic condition. This condition is an obstacle in which both Finn, the protagonist in the novel Bone
Love, just like war, is a nigh impossible force that can only be stopped with the greatest of perseverance and thought. In his spy novel, Eye of the Needle, set during the Second World War in Britain, author Ken Follett often uses love in order to show his characters’ true selves reflected through the social mores and customs of the age. He also shows these feelings of love and passion in order to advance the motion of the story itself and to serve as powerful twists in the flow of the novel. Ken Follett, in his famous spy thriller Eye of the Needle, heavily utilizes the natures of romance and diverse sexual desires among the main characters of the novel to provide deep insight into the cultural mores of the mid-20th century, give deep character
Explaining Consciousness Provides Physicalism With Challenges That Place Limits On Scientific Knowledge, And What It Can Uncover About Consciousness
Carrion, V. (2001). Attenuation of frontal asymmetry in pediatrics. Society of Biological Psychiatry, 50, 943–951.
Lenticular- common in those with diabetes; high blood sugar causes the lenses to change shape