The rational/market community and the political community differ in that the market community is made up of individuals who are only looking out for their own self-interest when it benefits their family, friends or themselves. Individuals try to acquire goods and services for the least possible price while trying to sell their own goods for as much as the market will allow. Competition and productivity are the driving forces for individuals in the market and are key components in the overall economic success of society. In the market, there are defined goals that are based on what best serves the self-interest of the individual in the marketplace.
In contrast, the political community is a group of individuals concerned with the collective needs of the community and its well-being. The goals of the community must be achieved by consensus. In the political community there is a deep concern for public interest and the collective will of the people. They are made up of members whose membership is predetermined by a set of guidelines. These guidelines determine roles of the members and what they can and cannot do. There could be a number of determining factors such as citizenship, political party affiliations and religious affiliations. Within this community, economic, political and social rights are defined.
Public interest in the political community involves putting your own self-interests aside for the common good of the community, unless individual interests are held in common with a majority of the community. These interests could include the need for good schools, a higher standard of living or lower taxes. The political community is concerned with the governance of their communities. There is an emphasis on how important it i...
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... environmental crisis, exchanges in the political community have the ability to have harmful effects on those not involved in the exchanges.
The theory of the rationality model is a concept where rational decision making is done by choosing alternatives for achieving one’s goals. In the rational model it is very important for politicians to explicitly have their goals in mind. These goals are used as a guideline for evaluating alternative proposals for policies. The model determines whether the proposals are worthy of implementing by analyzing likely outcomes. The model is more for analysis and for constructing a list of alternatives by using a technique called issue framing. All alternatives identified have an opportunity to be chosen unless the analysis proves otherwise. Ultimately, the desired course of action chosen would have to provide the greatest alternative
The current issues that have been created by the market have trapped our political system in a never-ending cycle that has no solution but remains salient. There is constant argument as to the right way to handle the market, the appropriate regulatory measures, and what steps should be taken to protect those that fail to be competitive in the market. As the ideological spectrum splits on the issue and refuses to come to a meaningful compromise, it gets trapped in the policy cycle and in turn traps the cycle. Other issues fail to be handled as officials drag the market into every issue area and forum as a tool to direct and control the discussion. Charles Lindblom sees this as an issue that any society that allows the market to control government will face from the outset of his work.
Community is an essential part of the existence of human being. The term community may be describe in so many forms. However, Yiu (2012) define community as a group of people, who live, learn, work, and play in an environment at a given time; they have unique characteristics and interest; function in a social system that meets their needs, such as an organization, a region, a province or a nation (p. 213).
From all the three distinct characterized political subcultures the moralistic political subculture, individual political subculture and traditionalistic political subculture I believe that Houston is both individualistic and traditionalisticpolitical subculture. There many reasons that pushed me to that conclusion, some of these reasons are crystal clear if you are walking in Houston down town you would see all of things that do not add up together meaning seeing a Latino or Hispanic restaurants next to a complex apartment building by itself or a club next to a complex building, or even a dentist next to a bar therefore Houston in known for its lake of zoning. Also in old neighborhoods many of the residents set up a town meeting to decide
In his book The Community of Those Who Have Nothing in Common, Alphonso Lingis (1994) discusses community and proposes an untraditional view of community, the “other community”. Traditionally community is known as a social structure in which individuals have something in common. This usually refers to a shared location, shared identity or common values or beliefs. In this traditional view or “rational community” these commonalities are crucial in uniting individuals.
Charles Lindblom in the Science of Muddling Though identified two methodology in formulating policy - the Rational Comprehensive (Root) and Successive Limited Comparisons (Branch). There are numerous differences between the root and branch decision-making methods for policymaking; root (rational) decision-making starts from basic issues on every occasion and builds from the ground up, whereas branch (successive limited comparison) begins with the current situation and changes incrementally. The linear or rational model presents policy-making as a problem solving process which is sensible, objective and analytical. In the model, decisions are made in an orderly manner starting with the identification of a problem or issue then ending with a set of activities to solve or deal with it. Charles Lindblom is critical of the Rational Comprehensive Method (Root) of policy process as simplistic and difficult to apply when dealing with complex issues (Lindblom, 1959, p. 79). He advocates that there is logic of “muddling through” the process rather than identifying all the issues, collecting al...
Political parties in the United States, just like any other country has been in existence for many years, probably since the late 1700s. In definition, a political party is a legally organized group of individuals or people who have similar opinions and control the governing of a country. Long before political parties in America came about, there had been indifference concerning the existence of political parties, but today, Political parties are a vital constituent of a democracy. They provide a means through which individuals in America can express themselves and their voices can be heard. It can also be seen as a link between the people and the government. Political parties thereby have important roles which they carry out such as nominating candidates, help in the formation of public opinions, organizing the government and much more.
From the beginning of time people practiced an idea of political culture; the “setting of attitudes and practices held by people that help shape their political behavior including moral judgments and ideas that makes for a good society” (Sparknotes). American political culture is based on the basic ideas of political culture, in that American political culture “subscribes to general ideas including liberty, equality, democracy, individualism, unity, and diversity; although not all Americans share the same values, a vast majority abide by this idea” (Sparknotes). Our founding fathers based the U.S Constitution on the idea of political culture in trying to make good for society, the founding fathers wanted to develop a system that tailored to
A community is comprised of a group of goal oriented individuals with similar beliefs and expectations. Currently the term is used interchangeably with society, the town one lives in and even religion. A less shallow interpretation suggests that community embodies a lifestyle unique to its members. Similarities within the group establish bonds along with ideals, values, and strength in numbers unknown to an individual. Ideals and values ultimately impose the culture that the constituents abide by. By becoming part of a community, socialization...
According to one of rational choice theory’s prominent and more thoughtful contemporary exponents, Peter C. Ordeshook, “four books mark the beginning of modern political theory: Anthony Downs’s An Economic Theory of Democracy (1957), Duncan Black’s Theory of Committees and Elections (1958), William H. Riker’s A Theory of Political Coalitions (1962), and James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock’s The Calculus of Consent (1962). These volumes, along with Kenneth Arrow’s Social Choice and Individual Values (1951), began such a wealth of research that political scientists today have difficulty digesting and synthesizing all but small parts of it. Consequently, the full value of this research often goes unrealized…” (Ordeshook 1986, ix)
According to Meriam-Webster, community is defined as “a group of people who live in the same area (such as a city, town, or neighborhood)” and “a group of people who have the same interests, religion, race, etc”. Many people think of a community as a group of people interacting in a common location. However, to me, a community is a network of people with a common goal, agenda, or concern, individuals who collaborate with one another by sharing information, ideas and other resources. A community consists of individuals who look to form relationships overtime and help one another in their future aspirations. Furthermore, I believe there are three key aspects that define a community; geography, one’s identity and
...ot function properly. Politics and administration should be seen as very interconnected. It is worth reiterating just as the structure of governments has changed over the years, the structure and role of public administration have also changes dramatically. Furthermore, it is important to state that public administration has grown from its traditional role of merely implementing policies adopted by the “political” branches of government to playing very significant role in the formation of public policies. This is definitely more evident in regards to professional expertise bureaucratic officials provide during problem identification, agenda setting, policy formulation, and evaluation that shape the content of public policy today. Overall, the idea that Wilson has proposed gives an accurate idea of what the relationship should be between politics and administration.
They educate, formulate and organize public opinions. They also help raising political consciousness of the public, who cannot understand current political issues otherwise. Political parties approach people by organizing public rallies and press conferences on important matters and state their views clear. Through these meetings, the common citizens get to know about the social, economic, and political condition of the country. They are made aware of their voting rights. Furthermore, political parties help the public examine the pros of cons of current political matters. Amit Goel argues that this process leads to organize and formulate public opinion on important issues.
Political parties are the link between general society and the representative machinery of our government. In order for an effective democracy to be in place, these political parties must be continually operative in the functions that they carry out. They are vehicles in which groups of people as well as individuals work together to secure political power, and to exercise that...
What is politics? Throughout history, people have participated in politics on many different levels. They may have participated through a direct democracy, in which they directly governed, or they may have participated through a representative democracy, in which they participated by electing representatives. As citizens’, people have participated in politics to attain the things they needed or wanted, the valued things. Participation in politics has been the way that people have a voice and change the things that directly affect their lives. Throughout the course of history, politics has been the competition of ideas; they decide who gets what, when, where and how.
Supply and demand play a key role in all of this, no matter which institution governs what. The demand always comes from the society itself. Without the need or want for certain things these institutions would have little to no effect on individuals in society today. “Society needs to make decisions about what should be produced, how certain goods and services should be produced and who is allowed to purchase these goods and services” (Supply and Demand: The Market Mechanism, 2000) For finances the marketplace, by way of supply and demand, has solutions to these problems. If individuals were to make these choices, these institutions wouldn’t be needed to determine what is regulated to the society. These markets consist of just about everything in everyone's day to day lives without them really even knowing it and is controlled by these institutions rather than that of the people of the free society we live in today. For example, they dec...