Essay On Impact Of Transport On Urbanisation

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From the very early day of human beings, did transport appear. It is the result of human desire for mobility and exploration. Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. It serves several functions to economy and human society but as time passed by, along with growth transportation, environment especially landscape and heritage have been badly affected. According to Matthew et.al (2007), “Human activities within a landscape often result in land use conversion, loss of land cover types, and fragmentation of remaining land cover into smaller and more isolated elements” Of course, human activities includes all type of transportation. In this paper, we will discuss about impacts of transport on …show more content…

Directly, transportation changes the landscape itself. Indirectly, transportation becomes secondary cause of changes in its characteristics and also its dimensions such as pattern, tranquility, cultural and land cover. It could be said that all modes of transportation have effects on landscape and heritage sites. First of all, road transportation, the most popular one in the world, has significant effect on landscape. As human society grows faster and faster, societal demands for road transport, for good traffic ability of roads appear. Thus, it raises needs for construction, maintenance of road as well as traffic on road. This creates a bunch of pressure on the landscape around that road, one of which can be mentioned here is loss of landscape visibility: To build a road, trees or other obstacles must be cut down and removed which lead to an elimination of vegetal coverage affecting directly to landscape appearance. Along with appearance of a new road, factories, companies, plants, machinery parks begin to appear more and more on 2 sides of that road. In addition, vehicle with goods, machines travels everyday on that road. These turn natural surroundings into an industrial zone with noise, smoke, and dusts from cars, factories. Apparently, the new road with construction works, vehicles has intruded visual quality of …show more content…

The first step is to scope and identify study area which should be carried out consistent with the landscape impact assessment scoping methodology. The study area of this paper is environment, particularly landscape and heritage sites sector. The second step is to identify the key environmental resources and describing their features mentioned in step 1. Using a hierarchical classification of landscape, key landscape environmental resources should be identified considering coherence of character within each resource and distinctiveness of character among resources. In addition, to accurately assess the character of a key landscape environmental resource, it is necessary to identify and describe the features of the landscape. Those features which should be identified here are Pattern, Tranquility, Cultural, and Land Cover. The third step is to appraise landscape environmental capital by assessing four landscape indicators which are Scale it Matters, Rarity, Importance and Substitutability. In particular, it is all about assessing the geographical scale of effect of matters to both policy makers and local stakeholders; assessing whether the landscape features being evaluated prior to impact appraisal are commonplace to the locality or scarce; assessing the importance of specific feature at high,

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