Essay On Hologram

1797 Words4 Pages

HOLOGRAPHY
Hologram and its Working Principle:-
A hologram is a 3-dimensional (3D) image of an object. The first ever hologram was developed by Gober in 1947 before the laser light. That type of hologram is called in-line hologram as is almost abandoned in practical applications now.
The working principles involved are interference and diffraction. Diffraction of light from an object is recorded and it is presented as a 3D image with the help of interference of this diffracted ray with a reflected ray. Construction and playback of a hologram is undoubtedly an evidence of the fact that an interference pattern contains all the information about an object which can be re-constructed as well.
Difference between Holography and Photography:-
Its construction involves a more advance technique than a photograph. The common thing between the two methods is that both involve the use of film (called photographic film or holograph film according to the case being discussed). The image reconstruction in both methods is totally different.
Construction and Working of Holography Set-up:-
A hologram is made by the interference of two coherent beams of light; one of these is diffracted and reflected from the object (image of which is to be made) and the other comes directly from the source. The former beam is called object beam while later one is called reference beam. Holographic image is actually a microscopic pattern of interference fringes. Obviously this microscopic pattern decides the resolution of the image. These interference fringes are named as Bragg planes. These go through the recording medium all the way but are only visible to the viewer on the surface.
The whole process of creating the holographic image of an obj...

... middle of paper ...

... which can form real-time images and make quantitative measurements of many physiological parameters.
A very novel achievement of this digital technique is that images of living cells were formed in 2003 for the first time by using this. This technology is equally good for living, dying and died cells.
So far the holographic images are static but researchers are working on the transmission of a holographic image from one place to other in real time. Although these images are static but can be refreshed in every two seconds. This creates a strobe-like effect in the image. Therefore, to improve the resolution and decrease the refreshing time of these images is also a task for the researchers.
Following are the figures that can help understand the description of the methods of construction and playback of different holograms described above. Figures contain the titles.

Open Document