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Essays on female genital mutilation
Essays on female genital mutilation
An outline of female genital mutilation
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Is female genital mutilation a cultural practice or a delinquency? Female genital mutilation better known as female genital cutting is a operation performed based on religion and cultural causes. However, entirely of the victims gone through this sacrifice explain it as a crime. Female genital mutilation is a heartbreaking practice which violates basic human rights and must be banned worldwide. FGM it's a operation on which the clitoris and genitals are completely cut off. Referring to (www.mtholyoke.edu) The cause of this procedure may fluctuate it can be either for family honor, virginity protection, religion, or excessive sexual satisfaction for their partner. Also, this is done by traditional midwives with no medical experience, no anesthesia, or any drug. The tools used for this practice are pieces of glass, knives, scissors, razors and other sharp basics. Female genital mutilation is practiced and done cruelty without mercy. As well as, FGM consists of complete removal of external female genitalia. Stated by www.forwarduk.org , FGM is composed of four types . The first type well - known as Clitoridectomy it requires cutting the skin surrounding the clitoris without cutting the clitoris itself. The second type is cutting the clitoris and the skin near it, also some parts of the labia minora or sometimes the labia completely. The third type, is the most dreadful is removal of the external genitalia and sewing the gap of the vaginal opening. This procedure is well- know as infibulation. The tissue then creates a canal of scar above the vigina leaving a miniature hole for urine and period blood. The victim then has severe complication during sexual activity . The Majority of female genital cutting cases are of this t... ... middle of paper ... ...tradition today want to stop it themselfs . However others involve in this culture don't accept it because religion and their social acceptance is greater than their desire stop this cruelty to woman. There’s a organization today to help stop this critical dilemma. Woman all over the world are fighting for this practice who has affected woman for more than 5,000 years. These entire women want to have their voices heard. Everyone and anyone can help fight back for this young girls and woman by giving donations to bring this dreadful experience to an end. Donations can be made on www.stopfgmnow.com. Because If the community won’t help stop it people doing it won’t. “Female genital mutilation targets little girls, baby girls – fragile angels who cannot fight back. It’s a crime against humanity. It’s abuse. Its absolute criminal and we have to stop it – Waris Dirie
Many feminists in the Western Culture have this ethnocentric idea that female circumcision is “female mutilation” portraying it as a “barbaric tradition” and “violence against women” (“Yes to Female Circumcision?”). According to Fuambai Ahmadu, a Sierra Leonean-American anthropologist, female circumcision is an initiation that symbolizes matriarchal power. The practice is “synonymous with women’s power, their political, economic, reproductive, and ritual spheres of influence” (Ahmadu, pg. 14). By having no regards to the cultures and traditions of these small-scale societies, we are invalidating their beliefs and presenting ethnocentric
This is a case study regarding a family in Senegal that follows the Muslim culture. However, unlike most Muslims, they practice the form of female circumcision. The tradition is to have all girls coming of age to be circumcised; otherwise they would be shunned and would never be able to get a husband. The family’s tradition believes that if a girl does not have this procedure done, they will be considered deformed and their clitoris will hang down to their knees. Awa is concerned because she and her husband, Joseph, have two daughters who are coming of age and her mother-in-law is demanding to know why they have not made the arrangements for the girls’ circumcision. Awa’s dilemma is whether or
Freedom of choice is a desire for most, but as we are young we depend on the decision of our parents. With this dependent nature of a child the freedom of choice is limited, for males this can lead to a life long consequence. Male circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin; the skin covering the head of the penis. Circumcision is practiced for religious purposes in Jewish and Muslim communities. Normally, the boy’s age varies from 4 to 11 years old. In the United States, this procedure is also done but without a religious purpose. The boys in this case are commonly newborn. This practice became popular after medical groups claimed that there were many health benefits that came with circumcision. Though it has been proven otherwise, it is still a common practice in the U.S. fueled by ignorance. Circumcision is an unnecessary surgery that leads to psychological problems, issues with sexual activities and lasting physical damage.
Today, 85 to 114 million girls and women in more than 30 countries have been subjected to FGM. Female genital mutilation has long been performed to ensure chaste or monogamous behaviour by suppressing female sexuality. It is commonly -- although erroneously -- attributed to religious edict. In fact, neither Islam nor Christianity officially sanctions it.
Often, this procedure is done with no anesthetic. Human rights advocates rally that it’s against the basic rights of a human being. For over forty years, weathers have advocated against FGM with no success. Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism come into play when advocating against other cultures, traditions and beliefs. Western societies compare their own culture to the groups in Africa and East Asia.
If these happen in western countries, the perpetrator tries to claim cultural defense. Cultural defense is a defense to the prosecution for a criminal act which, according to the defendant, results from his/her cultural background. This defense can be used in cases concerning female genital mutilation, domestic violence, acid throwing, and honor crimes. “The idea of cultural defense violates principles of equal protection and the fundamental principle that society has a right to govern protection against crimes” (Morgan, Parker, 2009).
Unlike male circumcisions which were practice for religious purposes, female circumcision is done for social convention and is practiced as a way to prepare girls for marriage, as well as conform to societal norms of femininity. Female circumcisions are often motivated by what would be considered proper female behavior and as a way to promote virginity as well as cause pain during intercourse to uphold these beliefs. Much like male circumcision these societal beliefs about sex and purity, have affected these cultures in their convictions that circumcision must be performed to be pure and free of
Yes, it is a harmful act, that does not really yield any benefits for women, but so does forced sterilization which was carried out not only in the United States but in Canada also. Alberta and British Columbia in the 20th century had carried out sterilization without consent, on young people, disabled individuals, minorities, and poor women. Poor women especially, who were suspected of being promiscuous, were sterilized so they would not bear immoral children. Why did this not receive the kind of outcry that FGM did? Yes, it was recognized as wrong, but it is not understood as a Canadian cultural
Female genital mutilation (FGM) is an ancient traditional non-therapeutic surgical procedure that involves total or partial removal of the external parts of female genitalia. This paper aimed to define and classify FGM, identifies the prevalence, describes reasons for performing the practice, and concentrates on the problems associated to this practice with regard to women’s health, religious beliefs, and socio-cultural, behavioral and moral consequences. Researches and survey reports that the global actions have been taken to reduce or abolish the prevalence of the practice will be assessed.
Female genital mutilation (FGM) is the partial or complete removal of the external female genitals for cultural rather than medical reasons.
A major issue that goes hand in hand with female genital mutilation is health problems. FGM alters female genital organs, without a medically beneficial outcome. It is performed because African culture believes that it will keep girls pure because they will appear unattractive to men until marriage. There are no medical justifications for a girl to have her clitoris or any other genital org...
Female circumcision (sometimes known as Female Genital Mutilation or female genital cutting) has been exercised in many different forms, in many different countries, for a long period of time. Female circumcision is defined as an operation performed to the female genital area that causes harm and changes the organ for no medical reason. Cultural, religious, and social factors are the main causes to FGM, and is mostly practiced on female infants up to the age of 15. This procedure does not benefit any female’s health whatsoever. The majority of people who practice female circumcision are those living in Africa. Coming from an African culture, where people participate in harsh practices such as female circumcision is a huge issue that needs to
Sadly the procedure isn’t just one, there's four types. Number one; clitoridectomy is the “partial or total removal of the clitoris”(Female Genital Mutilation.), in rare cases only “the fold of the skin surrounding the clitoris”(Female Genital Mutilation.) is removed. Second; excision is the similar to the first but it’s also the removal of the labia, It’s the “lips”(Female Genital Mutilation.) that surround the vagina. Third; infibulation is the “narrowing of the gainal opening”(Female Genital Mutilation.), this is done through making a cover. The cover is made by either “cutting and repositioning the inner, or outer, labia, with or without removal of the clitoris.”(Female Genital Mutilation.) Fourth; all other harmful procedures to the area, “including pricking, piercing, incising, scraping etc.”(Female Genital Mutilation.) Long term consequences are ones women and girls have to live with. These include “recurrent bladder and urinary tract infections”(Female Genital Mutilation.), which is caused by the narrowing of the urinary outlet. It prevents the complete emptying of the urine from the bladder, especially during menstrual cycles. Both the urine and blood build up, leading to infections that travel into the uterus. During
Rites of passage, specifically circumcision, are the focus of study for multiple theorists. Circumcision as a ritual of passage encompasses various theories on the function of these ritualistic passages. Arnold Van Gennep, Vincent Crapanzano, and Victor Turner each approach the ritual of circumcisions’ function differently, specifically they question whether the ritual can be considered in stages.
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), also known as female circumcision, is a destructive and invasive procedure involving the removal or alteration of female genital. The procedure is carried out at a variety of ages, ranging from shortly after birth to some time during the first pregnancy, but most commonly occurs between the ages of four and eight. There are three main types of FGC that are practiced: Type I (Sunna circumcision), Type II (Excision), and Type III (Infibulation). These three operation range in intensity, from the "mildness" of Type I, to the extreme Type III.