More handpicked essays just for you.
Impact of technology on modern police
Impact of modern technology on policing
How have policing methods changed over the years
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
This research paper is about three different history
Era’s in Policing. How science and technology have changed policing methods throughout the past decades. The three main policing methods that have changed in the past decades are Political Era, Professional Era and Community Oriented Era. What have been the pros and cons throughout the three different Era’s in Policing.
Key words: Political Era, Professional Era, Community-Oriented Era, Technology, Science
Political Era
The Political Era was first established in the 1800s with politicians in charge of hiring and terminating police officers. In the Political Era politician’s basically over powered control of the criminal justice system. It is known that police officers were on foot
…show more content…
patrol serving the community. The three forms of technology in this era that police officers were armed with were a gun, nightstick and telephone known as the callbox. Professional Era The Professional Era made a huge turned around by the 1900s discipline and equal law was enforced.
Politicians no longer had a say so about hiring or terminating police officers. Centralize decision making was also adopted. Professionalism demeanor was expected by all police departments. In my opinion, this was an interesting era for policing more technology was adapted to help police officers perform their duties effectively and efficiently. For instance, According to Seaskate Inc. (1998), “August Vollmer pioneered the use of the polygraph and fingerprint and handwriting classification systems.” August Vollmer is responsible for the great accomplishment of the advance forensic laboratory in the world the FBI operated the prestige technological laboratory. Automobiles and two-way radios were available for police officer in the 1930s. Thereafter, new technologies were being adopted by the criminal justice agencies. In the late 1940s traffic radar were being used by law enforcement. Thanks, to AT&T for the launch of 911 system /number to dial in case of an emergency for either the police, medical and fire department oppose to dialing “0” for the operator to transfer the call in was a direct dial. Computers were also incorporated in this era by criminal justice agencies. Police officer were professionally educated and trained in the academy in this …show more content…
era. Community Oriented Era This Era begun in the 1970s and is still the current policing era. With Community-Oriented Era police officer are professionally trained and interact more with society to build a trusting relationship. Since this era technology has expanded tremendously and without all the new and advance high technology that are used daily by the criminal justice system it would be complex to provide good serve to the communities. Technology expanded from computer-aided dispatching, computer in patrol cars, automated fingerprinting systems, online offense-reporting systems, body cameras, license plate reader, pepper spray, body armor, and forensic science DNA to name a few of the technology developed in the era of Community Oriented Policing. Technology Changed Policing Methods in Patrol During the three eras policing patrol methods have changed over the past decades.
Police officer went from foot patrol to new and high technology patrol squat vehicles. Throughout the past decades police patrol has changed with technology being very effectively in all aspects. Police officer have advance technology to help patrol the communities they serve and protect. For instance, radios, phones, laptops, license plate reader, traffic radar, online data, body cameras with all these new high technology police officers are well equipped to provide better serve to the society. Technology has been adopted more and more throughout the past decades with its main objective to help law enforcement officer to do their job more effectively and
efficiently. Effect of Science and Technology There has been a good positive impact with science and technology in policing. Biometric DNA has help in many criminal investigations. Forensic laboratories have also had a huge impact in policing and science and technology go hand in hand in today’s Community Oriented Era. The criminal justice system have an advantage over offenders with all the high technology being used by law enforcement agents. Benefits and Challenges Science and Technology There are a lot of benefits when it comes to science and technology in the criminal justice system. Operating with advance high technology will help solve crime more effectively with information technology and surveillance devices. The challenges according to Seaskate Inc. (1998, p.9), The most difficult part of this process is probably commercialization the manufacture of products and new technological devices once they have been developed, tested, and deemed workable and useful. They must be necessary, practical, inexpensive, require a minimum of training, and be sturdy yet inexpensive to repair. Conclusion All three policing eras have changed the way law enforcement serve and protect citizens. Science and Technology have played a huge role and will only continue to grow in future. With a lot research and new technology developments in the books. The main objective is the safety of both the community and law enforcement agents.
o The occupational background of the police officer, while quite diverse, composed of a large portion of agricultural laborers (48). This is due to industrialization and mechanization of agriculture during the Victorian Era; fewer rural laborers were needed.
Describe the various "styles of policing" discussed in this chapter. Which do you think are the most popular today? Which do you think are the most effective? Due Date March 11, 2005
This is very true in today's police work. A police department has to be able to stand the test of time. By this I mean must be capable of enduring changes in government, and be able to react to any situation they may encounter. The department must also be efficient when handling a case or investigation, any wrong step and everything goes the wrong way. Also must be like in the military, follow chains of command and promote in rank
The first police department in America developed in New York and began the first era of policing which spanned from the 1830s to 1900 and is known as the political era (Walker & Katz, 2012). As emphasized by Walker (1999) not only did the political era of policing revolve around politics but provided officers with little to no training, education or recruitment standards (as cited in Police: History, 2014). The era also forced shaky job security for law enforcement and officers could be fired and hired at any point with little to no reason. Even men with criminal records were foot patrolling and women were only seen as “matrons” for the jail; they did not carry weapons and often times had very little arrest discretion (Walker & Katz, 2012). According to Walker and Katz (2012), “a $300 payment to the Tammany Hall poli...
The professionalization of law enforcement gained prominence from the 1940’s through the 1970’s. It came out of a necessity to improve the capabilities of police. It was believed that the improvement of organizations through better quality personnel, upgraded equipment, and standardized procedures would lead to better departments and that would lead to safer cities. Numerous research studies showed that the move to professionalize law enforcement through a higher standard of efficiency led to a detachment of police from the communities they served. Many departments began to focus on response times and quantities of arrests, etc. This led to a diminished effectiveness of police in meeting the expectations of the communities they
When it comes to the political era, all policing resources had all been derived from the same source, the politicians that were in office at the time. During this era, all police had to function on foot patrol in
The Political era – The police were very involved with the community in this era and could be seen as social servants. An advantage to this era was the involvement with the community. The police of the era were known to run soup kitchens and provide beds to the homeless. A problem was that the police were accountable to the politicians and the law. This was a disadvantage because what the government said is what was done.
(Swanson, Territo and Taylor, p. 2). However, in recent years some major changes have occurred in a shorter time period. Innovations in law enforcement During the past two decades, I have observed major changes in the viewpoint of society towards police officer's as the symbol of trust and dignity, the technological advances of communication and information systems in law enforcement, and the revision of selection and hiring practices for police officers. Organizational change occurs both as a result of internal and external agents (Swanson, Territo and Taylor, p. 664).
Sabath, D. O. (n.d.). The Evolution of American Policing. Retrieved October 8, 2013, from Police History website: http://www.aphf.org/hist.html
Reformers wanted to stray away from political influences and believed that policing should be in the control of police executives (Peak, 2015). While the Political era’s goal was social services, the Reform Era began to shift policing to controlling crime. In addition, the police organizations were reorganized through the study of scientific theory of administration advocated by Fredrick Taylor, which led to the development of maximizing police efficiency (Peak, 2015). To improve professionalism within police departments, O.W. Wilson began emulating what J. Edgar Hoover did with the FBI. In 1924, the FBI director began to raise eligibility standards to develop an incorruptible force. As a result, it had a direct influence on local police agencies by placing emphasis on education, training, honesty and professionalism. Professionalism in police departments came about in the form of new Technological advances and a focus on crime fighting. During this period there were three major advances in technology: two-way radio, police cars and the telephone. Unlike the problems faced during the political era, the advent of these technologies changed everything. With two-way radios, supervisors now had the capability to notify patrol officers of calls and maintain accountability. Patrol cars allowed for greater mobility, which led to officers responding to calls more efficiently. Then telephones allowed for citizens to have a direct line to the police and were encouraged to call for any problem. However, while the advances in technology greatly increased police efficiency, it had unexpected consequences. In contrast, during the political era, officers patrolled on foot, which allowed them to engage citizens and develop a relationship within the community. With the use of police cars, officers no
Today, the best policing style would be the service style. This type of style aims to help anyone in the community who needs help. It is based on communities’ point of view and social connections. This style focuses more on felonies that disregard resident’s solitude and less on smaller crimes that make no sense like a ticket for going one above the speed limit. It serves the community’s members whenever they desire help like stopping theft and ending murders. This style is not strict on its people nor at enforcing laws. It is a more calm and easy going style of policing. The main idea of the service style of policing is to assist the society. Instead of a certain punishment, people can be assigned to have community service or go to a certain class like an alcoholic anonymous class, a drug treatment programs, or family counseling. It is more community activities based than strictly enforced laws and punishments. Police officers are more involved in the community and its people. They are well- known within the city. They know most people and where certain people live. With this
Young people and the police have, for many years, experienced a tense and confrontational relationship (Borgquist & Johnson et al., 1995). This has led to a great wealth of literature based upon the notion of police-youth interaction. Much of this literature has tended to focus upon juvenile criminality and the reasons why young people commit such seemingly high levels of crime. Whilst the relationship between young people and the police force has been widely theorised and explained, there is very little literature on juvenile attiudes towards the police. Research that concerns societies attitudes towards the police force tends to focus upon the views and opinions of adults (Hurst and Frank, 2000). In this first section of my literature review I am going to focus upon work that allows us to gain a deeper understanding of why young people are so important when looking at crime. This section will allow us to comprehend the ways in which, literature suggests, young people view the police. This knowledge will provide a basis for my research in which I look more specifically at youth attitudes towards PCSO’s.
You mentioned in your thesis statement that Police Officers to perform their job efficiently, they need to be issued better, up-to-date equipment to utilize. Another research question about your topic can be, the stressors police officers go through in the field when they are given substandard equipment. According to “From Topic to Research Question to Thesis” It's absolutely essential to develop a research question that you're interested in or care about in order to focus your research and your paper. I like your potential Thesis statement, especially the first sentence “In order for our Police Officers to perform their job
The challenge for law enforcement and cultural awareness, is more unique than in any other profession because of the power held by police. This creates a special need for understanding a multicultural world. The success of the many sides of community policing is dependent on this awareness. In previous courses that I have taken, the instructors taught that times were changing and had been changing due to the influx of immigrants living in America, and that police agencies have to be able to understand what is acceptable in their cultures when they are interacting with them. Understanding the importance of culture and the role that police play is not new to police agencies. Law enforcement throughout the world are becoming more concerned of
Schultz, P. D. (2008, June). Police Chief Magazine - The Future Is Here: Technology in Police Departments. Retrieved from http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?article_id=1527&fuseaction=display&issue_id=62008