Coronary heart disease is a condition where the arteries in the heart clog up with fatty deposits called plague which damages blood vessels. This is a process called atherosclerosis. The arteries then become narrower causing minimal blood to reach the body leading to heart attacks and potentially strokes due to the decreased flow of blood to and from the heart.
There are many factors that contribute to coronary heart disease, both avoidable and unavoidable. The main factors include family history of heart disease, age as both men and women are more likely to develop heart disease as they get older, gender as men are more likely to develop high blood pressure and/or high cholesterol, hypertension or high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, high
However men in their middle ages are more prone to be affected than women under the age of 55 due to menopause.
Whereas women over the age of 55 are prone to heart disease just as much as men are. However, the effects are different on women compared to men.
3. SYMPTOMS AND LONG TERM EFFECTS
Some immediate symptoms include chest pains and discomfort, heaviness, tightness, pressure, aching, burning, numbness, or a squeezing feeling in the heart. These symptoms usually occur a few weeks prior to a heart attack.
Other severe and long term effects/symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea, Arrhythmia, which is a problem with the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat, heart failure, heart attack and in some cases stroke.
As atherosclerosis occurs, it reduces the blood circulation causing blood clots and in rare cases amputation in the hands of feet.
As the fatty deposits clog up the arteries, if an artery in the heart has been blocked off, a heart attack will occur. If the blockage continues to any artery in the brain, it can cause a stroke to which may result in sudden death or damage in the brain or memory
One of the characteristics of the common disorder, and perhaps the most worrisome for the patients affected, is decreased blood flow in the atria, which is associated with and allows thrombi to form. Embolism from the atria can cause cerebrovascular accidents, which can be devastating to the affected individuals and their families.
An artery is an elastic blood vessel that transports blood away from the heart. There are two main types of arteries: pulmonary arteries and systemic arteries.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of multifactorial chronic heart disease. It is a consequence of plaque buildup in coronary arteries. The arterial blood vessels, which begin out smooth and elastic become narrow and rigid, curtailing blood flow resulting in deprived of oxygen and nutrients to the heart [1].
...ufficiently nourish the organs. This blood flow shortage causes severe damage to organs and tissue. Symptoms of cardiomyopathy include shortness of breath and other breathing difficulties, fatigue, swollen legs and feet, and irregular heartbeat. It can lead to heart failure.
The hereditary risk factors for cardiovascular disease are primarily those of which individuals are unable to control, the ones for which they are born with. These risk factors would include an individual’s sex, race, age, and genetics. One out of every five males has some form of cardiovascular disease and the same applies for females. More women than men have cardiovascular disease in this country, but this is only due to the fact that there are more women within the U.S. population (Weiss and Lonnquist, 2011). Men percentage wise are at a higher risk than women. There is a somewhat reduced probability for females to have cardiovascular disease before menopause. This is believed by medical researchers and scientists to be directly related to the natural hor...
Heart disease describes a range of conditions that affect your heart. Diseases under the heart disease umbrella include blood vessel diseases, heart rhythm problems, and heart defects. The major cause of this is a build-up of fatty plaques in the arteries. Plaque build-up thickens and stiffens the vessel walls, which can inhibit blood flow through the arteries to organs and tissues.
Some risk factors cannot be changed such as age, race, and gender. A person 's risk increases as they get older. Approximately 1 out of 8 women are at risk of developing breast cancer are younger than 55. Approximately 2 out of 3 women are at risk of developing breast cancer who are older than 55 (American Cancer Society, 2014). To decrease this rate, women need more timely follow ups and access to high quality treatments (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Men can develop breast cancer, but this disease is more common among women than men. (American Cancer Society, 2015).
Coronary heart disease or coronary artery disease affects 16.8 million people in the United States and causes more than 607,000 deaths annually (Lemone, chap.30). It is caused by atherosclerosis which is the accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries causing impaired blood flow to the myocardium. CAD or coronary artery syndrome is usually without symptoms but may induce heart attack, angina and acute coronary syndrome if not properly treated. There are many risk factors associated with CAD like obesity, high cholesterol diet, hereditary, physical inactivity, just to name a few. Patients with CAD may be unable to identify and manage their risks factors. It is imperative for nurses to educate the patient about CAD and measures to enhance their health.
Some of the key factors of heart disease are high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking. Half of Americans have one of these three risk factors. Center for Disease Control states that several other medical conditions and lifestyle choices can also put people at a higher risk for heart disease, including; diabetes, overweight and obesity, poor diet, poor physical activity and, excessive alcohol abuse (Americas heart disease burden, 2013). Heart disease is a group of diseases of the heart and the blood vessel system in the heart. Coronary heart disease is the most common type; it affects the blood vessels of the heart. African American women are more likely to die from heart disease than any other race because some say African-American women don’t get the same treatment as the white race will get.
What causes coronary heart disease? There are several factors that can affect and impair the inferior layer of the coronary arteries which are diabetes, inflammation of the blood vessels, hypertension, smoking, and elevated amounts of particular cholesterols and fats in blood. The risk of getting CHD is obesity/ being overweight, no physical activities, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, family medical history/ genetics, poor dieting, stress, etc.
Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. (social inequality, 2009). Heart disease is a structural or functional abnormality of the heart, or the blood vessel supplying the heart, that impairs its functioning. (free dictionary). Heart disease is also known as cardiovascular disease. Since there are many conditions related with heart disease. The most common types are coronary artery disease or damage in the heart’s major blood vessels, stroke or damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply, and high blood pressure or a condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls in too high. These conditions may lead to a heart attack. (mayo).
Often times there are no symptoms of the underlying disease of the blood vessels. More times than not, a heart attack or stroke is the first warning or sign of the underlying disease. Since signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease are not always apparent, it is important to know the symptoms of a heart attack so medical attention can be sought out immediately. According to...
Most often the disease starts in the left ventricle, and then often spreads to both the atrium and right ventricle as well. Usually there will also be mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, due to the dilation of the annuli. This regurgitation will continue to make problems worse by adding excessive volume and pressure to the atria, which is what then causes them to dilate. Once the atria become dilated it often leads to atrial fibrillation. As the volume load increases the ventricles become more dilated and over time the myocytes become weakened and cannot contract as they should. As you might have guessed with the progressive myocyte degeneration, there is a reduction in cardiac output which then may present as signs of heart failure (Lily).
Attacks might last a few minutes or several days. They can be serious and sometimes not serious. Palpitations happen when your heart skips beats. Palpitations have many different symptoms. Some of these symptoms are dizziness, fatigue or fainting as a result of the brain not getting enough oxygen rich blood, chest pain, shortness of breath, and death (which occurs rarely).
Oxygen was first admitted to the client with chest pain over 100 years ago (Metcalfe, 2011). Chest pain is a large bracket that can contain many different conditions, but for the purpose of this analysis it is focused manly upon a myocardial infarction. A myocardial infarction is mainly referred to as a heart attack, and occurs when one or more coronary arteries leading to the heart reduce or completely stop blood flow (Tuipulotu, 2013 ). Administering high concentrations of oxygen to patients with chest pain is now embedded in guidelines, protocols and care pathways, even with a lack of clear supporting evidence (Nicholson, 2004 ). High concentration of oxygen means that up to 60% is administered (Knott, 2012). More recent research has suggested that the use of oxygen in this scenario is unnecessary and can lead to unwanted side effects, especially in normoxic cardiac patients (Moradkham & Sinoway, 2010 ). The aim of this comparative analysis is to dismantle and understand both the benefits and risks of the commonly known practice of administration of oxygen to the client with chest pain. Through completing this analysis using recent and appropriate evidence a more improved practice can be given and understood.