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Principles of community health nursing
Principles of community health nursing
Community health nurse role
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"Community-based nursing application of the nursing process is caring for individuals and family in the community and the focus of community-based nursing refers to systematic, comprehensive focus on wellness, health protection, and disease and injury prevention."(Hunt, 203,pg. 158). "The community health nurse primary goal is prevention or illness and injury and the promotion of health in a community such as acute or chronic health conditions and with emphasize on all levels of prevention primary, secondary, tertiary"( Hunt, 2013, pg.158). The community-base nurse serves many roles including those of the direct care provider, educator, case manager, collaborative team member, leader, advocate. "Nursing practice in the community is similar …show more content…
I feel that community health nursing is different than acute care nursing because it is a specialized field of nursing that requires focusing on practices combine with public health nursing, population focused, emphasizing wellness and other disease or Illness. It involves interdisciplinary collaboration and promotes responsibility and self-care. Nursing care in acute setting the physician delegate activities which centers on the treatment of disease, medication, technology, and predictable short-term interventions, and has other health care professionals which the nurse can collaborate. "Nursing care in community setting requires the nurse to have a bachelor's degree and "be expertise in independent decision making, critical thinking, health education, and competent in nursing care, and be culturally competent."(Hinkle & Cheever,2014, pg.102) The nurse must be sound in clinical expertise and be able to deliver care without direct supervision or support of a health care professional. The nurse must also have knowledge of community resource available for patients, such as local agencies who can provide care, eligibility requirements, and financial …show more content…
"Community heath nurse can limit disease transmission through surveillance of community, tracking of disease patterns, and initiation of prompt treatment."(Treas & Wilkinson,2014,pg. 614) Will help the nurse to identify which patients are at risk of infection, transmission of the disease, "and to break the chain of infection by obtaining quick treatment."(Treas & Wilkinson, 2014, pg. 614)
The nurse should educate patient about their current infection, the risk for transmission, and ways to prevent spreading the disease. Will allow for the patient to increase personal care.
"If home conditions are filthy or your hands are grossly soiled, wash hands with soap and warm water as soon as possible after if not during a visit"(Treas & Wilkinson,2014, pg. 1520). Will help prevent the spread of infection.
Biohazard and Sharps Disposal
Carry small Biohazard sharp container or leave in the patient home. "An alternative solution would be to have them use the metal coffee can with a lid or thick plastic milk jug with lid."(Treas & Wilkinson,2014, pg.
Because of this issue the CDC has instituted a campaign entitles, "Campaign to Prevent Antimicrobial Resistance." The campaign focuses on four integrated strategies: preventing infection, diagnosing and treating infection effectively, using antimicrobials wisely, and preventing transmission.() This campaign consists of 12 steps that teach nurses as well as other healthcare providers about antimicrobial resistance and presents plans to advance nursing practice, as well as antimicrobial use.
Nursing is a knowledge-based profession within the health care sector that focuses on the overall care of individuals. According to The American College of Nurse Practitioners (ACNP), “defines nurse practitioners as registered nursed who have received graduate-leveling nursing education and clinical training, which enables them to provide a wide range of preventative and acute health care services to individuals of all ages. They deliver high-quality, cost effective care, often performing physical examinations, ordering tests, making diagnoses, and prescribing and managing medication and therapies”. Nurse Practitioners are able to specialize in a particular area, such as family and adult practice, pediatrics, and women’s health; and refer patients to other specialist when necessary. Some Nurse practitioners work under the supervision of a physician; while others run their own practices.
Educational preparation for the advanced practice public health nurse includes at least a Master’s degree and is based on an integration of current knowledge and research in public health, nursing, and other scientific preparations. In addition to executing the functions of the generalist in population-focused nursing, the specialist retains clinical experience in political and legislative activities, delivering and evaluating service, organizing, interdisciplinary planning, community empowerment, and assuming a leadership role in interventions that have a positive effect on the health of the community. Certification examinations for advanced practice nurses are rewarded by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC).
According to Allender, Rector, and Warner (2014), public health is a combination of both an art and a science (2014). The mission of public health nursing is to promote health, prevent disease and ultimately prolong life (Allender et al., 2014). In order for this to occur an assessment must take place. An aggregate or community assessment begins with a collection of data. This includes: the community’s health needs, risks, environmental conditions, financial resources through local census data, and a windshield survey (Allender et al., 2014). Through public health nursing, communities can collectively come together to help promote an overall better health standing.
Yiu, L. (2012). Community care. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.), Community health nursing: A Canadian perspective (3rd ed., p. 213, 219, 227). Toronto, Canada: Pearson Canada Inc.
Maurer, F., & Smith, C. (2005). Community/public health nursing practice: Health for families and populations (3rd ed.). Retrieved from http://books.google.com
Often in practice, we as nurses deal with a variety of diseases and treatments and often have to react to the illness that the patient presents with upon our interaction. While this is an essential piece of our practice, we also have a duty to our patients to be proactive in preventing specific health-related consequences based on their risk factors and to promote their health and well being. Health promotion as it relates to nursing is about us empowering our patients to increase their control over their lives and well beings and includes: focusing on their health not just illness, empowering our patients, recognizing that health involves many dimensions and is also effected by factors outside of their control (Whitehead et al. 2008)..
Harkness, G. A. & Demarco, R. (2012). Community and public health nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Implementing care plans within legal, ethical, and regulatory parameters is a competency that all registered nurses but abide by. As stated before as a baccalaureate nurse you must include not only patients and their families but also the community and population (The Texas Board of Nursing, 2011). Following the nursing process the next competency include evaluate the results of the implementations that have occurred. Once again the biggest difference between the two degree plans is baccalaureate nurses will also include the community and population as well as the patient and their family (The Texas Board of Nursing, 2011). Education is a vital piece of nursing and must be completed at every possible opportunity. Educated patients and their families on promoting health and marinating health is a very important concept. Expanding this education to the community and population is a vital step in helping reduce risk for our patients (The Texas Board of Nursing, 2011). The last competency is the nurse’s role in coordinating human information and material management resources for patients and their families as well as the expansion to include communities and populations as ones transition to a baccalaureate nurse (The Texas Board of Nursing, 2011).
Nies, M. A., & McEwen, M. (2011). Community/public health nursing: Promoting the health of populations (5th ed.). St.Louis, MO: Saunders.
Prevention of hospital-acquired infections: review of non-pharmacological interventions. Journal of Hospital Infection, 69(3), 204-219. Revised 01/20 Haugen, N., Galura, S., & Ulrich, S. P. (2011). Ulrich & Canale's nursing care planning guides: Prioritization, delegation, and critical thinking. Maryland Heights, Mo. : Saunders/Elsevier.
Lundy, K. S., & Janes, S. (2009). Care of Communities and Populations. Community Health Nursing: Caring for the Public's Health (2nd ed.). Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
As I woke up in the morning to get ready for my home health day, I couldn’t help but be excited to try something new. I had tons of questions and couldn’t wait to explore what was behind the door of home health nursing.
...y of life for people by collaborative working with the population to create the conditions that ensure healthy lives (Public Health Nursing, 2013). The nursing process is applied to all levels of nursing practices every day. The public health nurses interventions are target on the whole population and guided by an assessment of the community health (Public Health Nursing, 2013). Although the PHN primarily aims at prevention, all levels of prevention is utilized to improve the wellbeing of the communities.
From the literature I learned about the importance of driving the nursing profession towards the community health-care system. There is currently a need for revitalization of the primary health care system as stated in this document. There is a need to change some of the focus of education and training in new nurses in an effort to respond to the health care demands of today and the future, since many students are not going into this field. In addition, nurses already working in community health should begin focusing on current prevention and promotion aspects of health. I plan to apply these ideas in my own nursing practice to this rotation.