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Principles of community health nursing
Principles of community health nursing
Community health nurse role
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"Community-based nursing application of the nursing process is caring for individuals and family in the community and the focus of community-based nursing refers to systematic, comprehensive focus on wellness, health protection, and disease and injury prevention."(Hunt, 203,pg. 158). "The community health nurse primary goal is prevention or illness and injury and the promotion of health in a community such as acute or chronic health conditions and with emphasize on all levels of prevention primary, secondary, tertiary"( Hunt, 2013, pg.158). The community-base nurse serves many roles including those of the direct care provider, educator, case manager, collaborative team member, leader, advocate. "Nursing practice in the community is similar …show more content…
I feel that community health nursing is different than acute care nursing because it is a specialized field of nursing that requires focusing on practices combine with public health nursing, population focused, emphasizing wellness and other disease or Illness. It involves interdisciplinary collaboration and promotes responsibility and self-care. Nursing care in acute setting the physician delegate activities which centers on the treatment of disease, medication, technology, and predictable short-term interventions, and has other health care professionals which the nurse can collaborate. "Nursing care in community setting requires the nurse to have a bachelor's degree and "be expertise in independent decision making, critical thinking, health education, and competent in nursing care, and be culturally competent."(Hinkle & Cheever,2014, pg.102) The nurse must be sound in clinical expertise and be able to deliver care without direct supervision or support of a health care professional. The nurse must also have knowledge of community resource available for patients, such as local agencies who can provide care, eligibility requirements, and financial …show more content…
"Community heath nurse can limit disease transmission through surveillance of community, tracking of disease patterns, and initiation of prompt treatment."(Treas & Wilkinson,2014,pg. 614) Will help the nurse to identify which patients are at risk of infection, transmission of the disease, "and to break the chain of infection by obtaining quick treatment."(Treas & Wilkinson, 2014, pg. 614)
The nurse should educate patient about their current infection, the risk for transmission, and ways to prevent spreading the disease. Will allow for the patient to increase personal care.
"If home conditions are filthy or your hands are grossly soiled, wash hands with soap and warm water as soon as possible after if not during a visit"(Treas & Wilkinson,2014, pg. 1520). Will help prevent the spread of infection.
Biohazard and Sharps Disposal
Carry small Biohazard sharp container or leave in the patient home. "An alternative solution would be to have them use the metal coffee can with a lid or thick plastic milk jug with lid."(Treas & Wilkinson,2014, pg.
Often in practice, we as nurses deal with a variety of diseases and treatments and often have to react to the illness that the patient presents with upon our interaction. While this is an essential piece of our practice, we also have a duty to our patients to be proactive in preventing specific health-related consequences based on their risk factors and to promote their health and well being. Health promotion as it relates to nursing is about us empowering our patients to increase their control over their lives and well beings and includes: focusing on their health not just illness, empowering our patients, recognizing that health involves many dimensions and is also effected by factors outside of their control (Whitehead et al. 2008)..
According to the American Nurses Association, nursing is defined as “the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations” (American Nurses Association, 2016). Nurses have many jobs and responsibilities and wear many different hats. Nurses can perform at many different levels depending on their scope of practice which is defined by the board of nursing in one’s state of residence. It is important as nurses to understand and follow
Because of this issue the CDC has instituted a campaign entitles, "Campaign to Prevent Antimicrobial Resistance." The campaign focuses on four integrated strategies: preventing infection, diagnosing and treating infection effectively, using antimicrobials wisely, and preventing transmission.() This campaign consists of 12 steps that teach nurses as well as other healthcare providers about antimicrobial resistance and presents plans to advance nursing practice, as well as antimicrobial use.
According to Allender, Rector, and Warner (2014), public health is a combination of both an art and a science (2014). The mission of public health nursing is to promote health, prevent disease and ultimately prolong life (Allender et al., 2014). In order for this to occur an assessment must take place. An aggregate or community assessment begins with a collection of data. This includes: the community’s health needs, risks, environmental conditions, financial resources through local census data, and a windshield survey (Allender et al., 2014). Through public health nursing, communities can collectively come together to help promote an overall better health standing.
Nursing is a knowledge-based profession within the health care sector that focuses on the overall care of individuals. According to The American College of Nurse Practitioners (ACNP), “defines nurse practitioners as registered nursed who have received graduate-leveling nursing education and clinical training, which enables them to provide a wide range of preventative and acute health care services to individuals of all ages. They deliver high-quality, cost effective care, often performing physical examinations, ordering tests, making diagnoses, and prescribing and managing medication and therapies”. Nurse Practitioners are able to specialize in a particular area, such as family and adult practice, pediatrics, and women’s health; and refer patients to other specialist when necessary. Some Nurse practitioners work under the supervision of a physician; while others run their own practices.
Educational preparation for the advanced practice public health nurse includes at least a Master’s degree and is based on an integration of current knowledge and research in public health, nursing, and other scientific preparations. In addition to executing the functions of the generalist in population-focused nursing, the specialist retains clinical experience in political and legislative activities, delivering and evaluating service, organizing, interdisciplinary planning, community empowerment, and assuming a leadership role in interventions that have a positive effect on the health of the community. Certification examinations for advanced practice nurses are rewarded by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC).
Maurer, F., & Smith, C. (2005). Community/public health nursing practice: Health for families and populations (3rd ed.). Retrieved from http://books.google.com
This is further corroborated by Ingleton et al (2011), who believed that the need for community-based palliative and end of life care will increase rapidly over the course of the next 20 years because of increasing emphasis on shifting the delivery of care out of the hospital and into primary care which invariably leads to changes in the role of Community Nurses and in the demands on their time. Consequently, the above mentioned changes will place tremendous pressure on community nursing services and family carers (Department of Health, 2006a and Department of Health, 2006b)..
Yiu, L. (2012). Community care. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.), Community health nursing: A Canadian perspective (3rd ed., p. 213, 219, 227). Toronto, Canada: Pearson Canada Inc.
Prevention of hospital-acquired infections: review of non-pharmacological interventions. Journal of Hospital Infection, 69(3), 204-219. Revised 01/20 Haugen, N., Galura, S., & Ulrich, S. P. (2011). Ulrich & Canale's nursing care planning guides: Prioritization, delegation, and critical thinking. Maryland Heights, Mo. : Saunders/Elsevier.
Lundy, K. S., & Janes, S. (2009). Care of Communities and Populations. Community Health Nursing: Caring for the Public's Health (2nd ed.). Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Harkness, G. A. & Demarco, R. (2012). Community and public health nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Nies, M. A., & McEwen, M. (2011). Community/public health nursing: Promoting the health of populations (5th ed.). St.Louis, MO: Saunders.
...y of life for people by collaborative working with the population to create the conditions that ensure healthy lives (Public Health Nursing, 2013). The nursing process is applied to all levels of nursing practices every day. The public health nurses interventions are target on the whole population and guided by an assessment of the community health (Public Health Nursing, 2013). Although the PHN primarily aims at prevention, all levels of prevention is utilized to improve the wellbeing of the communities.
As I woke up in the morning to get ready for my home health day, I couldn’t help but be excited to try something new. I had tons of questions and couldn’t wait to explore what was behind the door of home health nursing.