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Case study on break even analysis
Case study on break even analysis
Case study on break even analysis
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Project Management
The four techniques used for analyzing the costs and benefits of a proposed system is break-even analysis, payback analysis, cash-flow analysis, and present value analysis. Break-even analysis is a supply-side analysis. Only the costs of the sales is analyze with break-even. It does not analyze how demand may be affected at different price levels. A strength of break-even analysis it’s relatively simple concept and the formula can be easily understood and used by most people. Another strength is that it provides vital information when making a decision. Weaknesses of break-even analysis is it assumes that all output will be sold. It is difficult to apply break-even analysis when a company sells more than one product. Break-even cannot show what will definitely happen. The payback analysis method is the simplest analysis method to use when looking at one or more major project options. It tells you how long it will takes to earn back the money you will spend on the project. Payback analysis helps you decide you whether or not you should undertake the project. The biggest strength of the payback method is that it is simple. The payback analysis method is used to make quick evaluations of projects. Weaknesses of the payback method is that the method ignores the time value of money. The payback analysis method does not consider cash inflows from a project that may occur after the initial investment has been recovered. A cash flow analysis is a listing of the flows of cash into and out of the project. This is like your checking account at your bank. Deposits are the cash inflows and withdrawals are the cash outflows. The balance in your checking account is your net cash flow at a specific point in time...
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Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) in Project Management Definition & Resources. (n.d.). Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) in Project Management Definition & Resources. Retrieved April 11, 2014, from http://glossary.tenrox.com/Work-Breakdown-Structure.htm
PERT chart (Program Evaluation Review Technique). (n.d.). What is ?. Retrieved April 11, 2014, from http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/PERT-chart
Payback Period. (n.d.). Investopedia. Retrieved April 11, 2014, from http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/paybackperiod.asp
Present Value - PV. (n.d.). Investopedia. Retrieved April 11, 2014, from http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/presentvalue.asp
Understanding Cash Flow Analysis. (n.d.). Understanding Cash Flow Analysis. Retrieved April 11, 2014, from https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/wholefarm/html/c3-14.html
Star Appliance is looking to expand their product line and is considering three different projects: dishwashers, garbage disposals, and trash compactors. We want to determine which project would be worth doing by determining if they will add value to Star. Thus, the project(s) that will add the most value to Star Appliance will be worth pursuing. The current hurdle rate of 10% should be re-evaluated by finding the weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Then by forecasting the cash flows of each project and discounting them by the WACC to find the net present value, or by solving for the internal rate of return, we should be able to see which projects Star should undertake.
The 3 percent decline in sales causing a 21 percent decline in profits can be attributed to the identification of the accounting concept of operating leverage. Operating leverage is what business managers apply to boost small changes in revenue into sizable changes in profitability. Fixed cost is the force managers use to attain disproportionate changes between revenue and profitability. Therefore, when all costs are fixed every sales dollar contributes one dollar toward the potential profitability of a project. Once sales dollars cover fixed costs, each additional sales dollar represents pure profit. A small change in sales volume can significantly affect profitability (Edmonds, Tsay, & Olds, 2011). So, therefore, if sales volume increases,
What is the importance of developing a WBS to manage a project? Whenever work breakdown structure come play, it basically saying or telling how work is broken down into smaller units such that whatever that has been put under a particular unit can be understood by the team members. Work breakdown is an essential tool in project management.
...eting tool that show the differences between the present value of revenues and the present value of expenses. The project can be profitable when the net present value is positive. In other words, the present value of revenues is greater than the present value of expenses. Profitability index is another tool for evaluating investment projects, which is the ratio of the PV of benefits on the PV of costs. A project can be beneficial if the profitability index is greater than 1. Also, it has the same idea as NPV that In other words, the present value of benefits is greater than the present value of costs. However, these two methods (NPV and Profitability Index) have been used to evaluate the proposal of implementing EHR.
Discounted Cash Flow Method takes the forecast free cash flows during forecasted horizon. Then we estimate the cost of capital (weighted average cost of capital) and estimate continuing value (value after forecast horizon). The future value is discounted to the present value. We than add back cash ($13 Million) and non-current assets and deduct total debt. With the information provided several assumptions had to be made to obtain reasonable values (life period of 30-years, Capital expenditures not to exceed $1 million dollars, depreciation to stay constant at $1.15 Million and a discounted rate of 10%). Based on our analysis, the company has a stand-alone value of $51 Million at the end of fiscal year end 1990 with a net present value of cash flows of $33 million that does not include the cash and non-current assets a cash of and non-current assets.
The financial aspect of the company is studied using various methodologies such as cash flow analysis and various investment appraisal methods. In this project we have chosen to use NPV and IRR methods of investment appraisal because of several reasons. Investment appraisal could have also been performed by other methods like Payback Period, but the drawback of this method is that it does not consider cash flows that arrive after the payback period and hence can lead to nonsensical decision in some cases. On the other hand NPV and IRR both are more reliable because they consider all cash flows till the end of the project. Further in Payback Period method equal weight is given to all cash flows arriving before payback period, in spite of the fact that more distant cash flows are less valuable. This problem is also overcome with NPV and IRR methods because both consider time value of money. Again NPV and IRR methods also help to ensure whether the investment will increase the firm’s value. Other methods cannot provide this information. The accounting rate of return method of investment appraisal has also been rejected for use in this project because it considers only profits that do not equal cash and also it does not consider time value of money.
Obviously, this case aims to evaluate Joanna’s analysis. Throughout the analysis, we will estimate the cost of debt, cost of equity, and cost of capital through different financial analysis models.
Discounted cash flow is a valuation technique that discounts projected cash inflows and outflows to evaluate the potential value of an investment. There are three discounted cash flow methods: Net Present Value (NPV), Profitability Index (PI) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The net present value discounts all cash inflows and outflows at a minimum rate of return, which is usually the cost of capital. The profitability index refers to the ratio of the present value of cash inflow to the present value of cash outflows. The internal rate of return refers to the interest rate that discounts cash inflow projections to the present to ensure that the present value of cash inflows is equivalent to the present value of cash outflows (Brown, 1992).
Analyse the relationship between the product life cycle and cash flow. The product life cycle is split into 5 stages. * Research and development * Introduction * Growth * Maturity / Saturation * Decline The product life cycle is the model that represents a sales pattern.
Work breakdown is an essential tool in project management. Project manager makes very good use of the WBS. That is to say, it helps them manage the project efficiently. Another quality of PM is that they continue to keep the project small so as to be able to control every aspect of the project as required. When an assignment or work are cut down into smaller
In further analyzing what effect sales commissions have on this scenario, a break-even analysis is the next calculation to determine. The break-even analysis is as follows:
The WBS is a key decider of a project completion and success. As we’ve learned in class the WBS defines the project’s scope and any changes in the WBS will affect the scope of the project and vis-versa. If we weren’t provided with the detailed WBS of the project at the start, I wouldn’t know exactly how to allocate resources for each period. To think that a PM is responsible to develop a workable project WBS , using techniques like Top-Down and Bottom-Up, is very mind bottling and impressive. I’ve also learned of the importance of budget allocation. As stated earlier, I had a little bit of budgeting issues throughout the simulation. Even though I was over budget, like everybody in the class, I wasn’t too far off.
I first needed to acquire additional information to complete a spreadsheet that would compute the cash flows for the analysis. I learned cash flow in any year depends on sales volume and profit margin per unit in that year. I learned that sales volume is a function of price. Also profit margin per unit is calculated by the difference between price per unit and costs per unit.
Cash flow statements provide essential information to company owners, shareholders and investors and provide an overview of the status of cash flow at a given point in time. Cash flow management is an ongoing process that ties the forecasting of cash flow to strategic goals and objectives of an organization. The measurement of cash flow can be used for calculating other parameters that give information on a company 's value, liquidity or solvency, and situation. Without positive cash flow, a company cannot meet its financial obligations.
The accounting cycle is a series of steps starting with recording business transactions and leading up to the preparation of financial statements. This financial process demonstrates the purpose of financial accounting–to create useful financial information in the form of general-purpose financial statements. In other words, the sole purpose of recording transactions and keeping track of expenses and revenues is turn this data into meaning financial information by presenting it in the form of a balance sheet, income statement, statement of owner’s equity, and statement of cash flows.