There is no doubt that when an adolescent steps into the role of caregiver for a parent with special needs, Erikson’s stage of identity vs. role confusion be drastically affected. There is no doubt that Erikson’s stage of The child no longer views themselves as the child, but as more of a parental figure. Aldridge and Becker (1999) stated that “When children take on caregiving roles in the family their educational, social, and emotional experiences and health can often be seriously jeopardized” (p. 303). They may become confused as to what role they play in their family, society, and life in general. The needs of the adolescent tends to be neglected, and therefore they start to feel isolated from others. The child increasingly feels that …show more content…
Due to this fact, it is no surprise that Erikson’s Intimacy vs. Isolation stage of life, intimacy and the development of their own personally chosen paths may take a back burner to the needs and demands of caring for a loved one. This is a crucial stage of life where not only the person tends to begin a relationship that may lead to a family, it is also the time in a life where careers and life goals begin to be established. Levine et al. (2005) relayed that young adult caregivers reported that they had “less time for themselves, difficulty with marriage and dating partners, and job problems, including an inability to relocate” (Literature Review section, para. 1). This is the beginning of becoming productive members to society and starting the transition from child life into adult life. However, when this stage is interrupted for any reason, it can be quite damaging. As reported by Levine et al. (2005) in a survey of caregivers between the ages of eighteen and twenty-five, “36.4% reported that they had less time for family and friends, and 43.1% gave up hobbies and social activities because of caregiving. About a third (31.4%) wanted more time for themselves, and 22.9% needed help in managing stress” (Results section, para. 14 and para. 17). These numbers are huge and it is easy to see that the impacts on Erikson’s intimacy vs. …show more content…
Brodaty and Donkin (2009) spoke of a wonderful support system available. Caregiver/psychosocial interventions are fantastic because they offer the possibility for: increased knowledge, improved mood, reduced stress and depression levels, and a delay in nursing home placement (Caregiver Intervention section, para. 1). This is an outstanding resource, and with all that is accessible through this program the chances of successful home care are significantly raised. This is not the only way to get help though. Brodaty and Donkin (2009) pointed out that social support and psychological vigor are most certainly linked (Support section, para 1). It is imperative that the caregivers and their family members do not store all of their emotions, frustrations, fears, and hostilities within themselves. They need the support of friends and family to get through such an emotionally trying situation. Beyond social support, technology based help can also be very helpful according to Brodaty and Donkin (2009), due to the fact that it is very easily accessible and it can open so many more doors that were otherwise unknown (Caregiver Intervention section, para. 6). Today’s world is run by technology and it is extremely easy to access. There
Unfortunately, a lot of parents may have a difficult time accepting their child, and coping with their needs and the responsibilities. From the book “The Elephant in the Playroom,” some families dealt with depression and physical and mental deterioration of their health. These struggles were shown in the story by Laura Cichoracki. Laura’s son’s name was Patrick. Patrick was a 6-years-old boy with autism. “I wasn’t eating right, I wasn’t showering regularly, I wasn’t sleeping well” (Brodey, p. 64). I also read the story told by Susan Marrash-Minnerly, which highlighted emotions that parents face. Susan also shed light on how wonderful children with special needs can be to a family, such as her ten-year-old third grader who had autism. Susan talked about how it was normal to feel angry at times, especially with the ups and downs a child’s disability may come with. “When I look back, I want to tell other parents that a child’s future is worth grieving over – but it’s not the end of the world” (Brodey, p. 75). After reading these stories, it became apparent to me that families who are raising kids with special needs, need support, kindness, and available resources. “I was fortunate to be surrounded by other moms who understood my pain…who could be supportive and emphatic.” (Brodey, p. 67). Overall, educators can use this kind of information that was shared in “The Elephant in the Playroom” about family systems and risk/resiliency by creating lines of open communication between families. This is to connect parents together that share similar struggles. By creating open communication is can allows for the teacher and parents to be on the same page when it comes to the issues affecting special needs students and
The character Cinderella in Cinderella could be illustrated and analyze in Erikson’s stage of identity versus role confusion. Identity versus role confusion was when a young people earlier conflict was resolved negatively, or if society limits their choices to one that does not match their abilities and desires, they may appear shallow, directionless, and unprepared for the challenges of adulthood. This stage begins with Cinderella’s father dying and leaving her to live with her stepmother which shows her true colors. During this period, Cinderella is kept with an evil stepmother and two stepsisters that don’t like her and will do anything to make her feel bad. This is where her terrible life begins.
(Davidson, F. G.) Due to the nature of dementia being a neuropsychological disorder, those affected by the disease tend to look like they will not require much care, which, in reality, they often require more care than the caregiver originally expected, leading to stress and burnout. Another effect caused by this can be the caregiver blaming themselves by feeling like they are failing to give proper care, which, in reality, can often be very far from the truth. If the caregiver does not receive help from anyone else, the task of watching over the victim becomes a daunting twenty for hour task. Sometimes, the caregiver won’t be allowed quality sleep. Over 66 percent of home caregivers suffer from some form of psychological or physical illness. The most common illness that is resulted from giving care to Alzheimer’s disease is depression. The caregiver needs to monitor their emotional well-being as well as the well-being as the person that they are giving care to. Usually, giving care to those with dementia is actually more stressful than giving care to those with cancer. When the caregiver is a family member and not a professional, the emotional toll is often even greater. It is important for caregivers to remember that they need to take care of themselves first and
As Moms, we are always hopeful that we will deliver perfect children, and most of the time we do. When Mother Nature steps in though, and that doesn’t happen, it’s those parents that step up to the plate to raise and love that child that deserve the accolades. One such family that I personally know is my daughter-in-law. Her younger brother is a special needs child and she grew up as a middle-child with the focus on the younger brother. She recently graduated with a degree in Special Needs Education, but instead chose to pursue another path with younger children. After a life-time of dedication to her younger brother, she decided to take a break. When I met her family, I was in awe of the love and care, the dedication to the brother and the sacrifices that the other family made in order to raise him at home. He just turned twenty-two and graduated from a special school, with honor and pride. Much of what I read in this amazing book remin...
Using Erikson’s theory of Identity vs Role Confusion with Mary Ann’s situation, one can see how when she was a teenager she went through the stage of role confusion. According to Erikson (1993) confusion comes from an adolescent 's inability to settle on a future role for themselves; “to keep themselves together mentally the teenager will emerge themselves within a specific group or crowd that is popular amongst their peers” (p. 262). When Mary Ann began to date Kurt during her sophomore year of high school, she went from being part of this mixed group of individuals who were not all white, not all brown, not all male or female, not a bunch of brainiacs, they were an enigma amongst the students at Flatwater High. Kurt was the handsome, buff,
In the case of Ann and Angus (K101,Unit 1,pp.14-19), this was an informal type of home care based on the previous and existing relationship between Ann and her step-father Angus. Liz Forbat (K101,Unit 1,p.27) interviewed 6 pairs of people involved in family care and believed that people became carer and cared for in the context of an existing relationship so the strengths and weakness of those relationships were played out in the care relationship. Ann had the right skills to make a successful care relationship with Angus as she loved and supported him and still allowed Angus to remain an individual and respected his beliefs and preferences. Though her own relationships with her other family members were under pressure and her own life had drastically changed. However, while Ann was caring for Angus she was crossing the normal boundaries of her previous...
Parents who are supported in their caregiving role are better able to nurture their children, who have a better chance to grow up to be productive, contributing members of society. Research has demonstrated that programs such as parenting education, support groups, and home visiting are effective and produce positive, significant results for parents and their children. (p. 75)
McMillan, S., & Small, B. (2007). Using the COPE intervention for family caregivers to improve symptoms of hospice homecare patients: a clinical trial, 34(2), 313--321. (5)
Roberto, K. A., & Jarrott, S. E. (2008, January). Family Caregivers of Older Adults: A Life Span Perspective. Family Relations , 100-111.
Erik Erikson formulated a model to understand the developmental tasks involved in the social and emotional development of children and teenagers which continues into adulthood. Each stage is regarded by Erikson as a “psychosocial crisis,” which arises and demands resolution before the next stage can be satisfactorily negotiated. Failure to successfully complete a stage can result in a
Erik H. Erikson was a significant psychologist that greatly changed the field of child development. In the 1950’s, Erikson advanced a Freudian approach in development. He viewed that social development as a series of eight challenges that people have to overcome. Each challenge has an outcome that’s either favorable or unfavorable. The outcome drastically affects a person’s personality. For example, in a favorable outcome, the result can leave a positive feeling. With a positive outlook, it’s easier for a person to cope with challenges in life. An unfavorable outcome can leave a person at a disadvantaged for the future. During the first couple challenges, Erikson believed that the caregiver has a great impact on a child’s development (Romero).
Primary caregivers are given an opportunity to take care of their loved ones; however, this job comes with a lot of stress and its consequences (Tsai, 2003). Primary caregivers take care of those with a chronic illness such as a family member or friend, are given a task that is so immense that it induces a lot of stress. In the previous decades, many research articles have developed studies which focused on stressors that were associated with the task of being the primary caregiver; yet, a theory surrounding this topic has not been developed until the early 2000s. Tsai (2003) developed the Theory of Caregiver Stress based on the Roy Adaptation Model to identify the caregiver’s response, perceptions, and adaptations to the stress and burden that primary caregiver’s experience.
In this paper I will be focusing on Erikson’s Theory mainly about identity versus role confusion. Finding one’s identity is not always an easy task. Everyone at some point in his or her life has had, as Erikson puts it, an identity crisis. Everyone experiences different struggles that can have either a positive or negative impact on their identity. On my path to identity, I have reached identity achievement, which means I have explored and made commitments. I will also be focusing on two articles highlighting a fifth possible outcome regarding identity and looking at identity statuses as developmental trajectories.
The Theory of Caregiver Stress was a significant breakthrough for the reasoning of why caregivers are so deeply affected by this job. “The Theory of Caregiver Stress was derived from the Roy Adaptation Model to use as basis in understanding the relationships among caregivers and the stress faced when caring for a chronically ill relative” (Tsai, 2003). The Theory of Caregiver stress is a middle-range theory used to predict the outcome for stress and other various side effects (Dobratz, 2011). These adverse effects are predicted by: Demographic Characteristics, Burden in Caregiving, Stressful life events, Social Support and Social Roles. Also, because of the multitude of different scenarios and background for both the patient and the caregiver, these categories are necessary to compare and effectively use the results. The theory makes four main assumptions regarding adaption: “environmental change; the caregivers’ perceptions will determine how they will respond to the environmental stimuli; the caregivers’ adaptation is a function of their environmental stimuli and adaptation level, and lastly the caregivers’ effectors are results of chronic caregiving such examples include marital satisfaction and self-...
Dairy Scientist In order to be successful in the position of a dairy farmer you must read as I guide you through these steps that will help you gain knowledge for this type of career. Step one, let me ask you if you require a college or technical degree to obtain the position to become a dairy scientist? The correct solution to the question would be , you must at least have a bachelor's or master's degree in order for you get the job. Now to obtain a bachelor’s or master’s degree you must take “4 years of college (bachelor) or 1.5 or 2 years (master)” according to bestmastersdegree.com , if you decide to go for both you will be spending between 5 and 7 years in college to get your degrees.