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Essay on erik erikson 8 stages of development
Essay on erik erikson 8 stages of development
Essay on erik erikson 8 stages of development
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Biography
Erik Erikson was born in 1902 to Danish parents in Germany. He faced his own identity crisis when his birth his parents separated. Later his mom married a man who was a physician. After his high school years Erik traveled for a year and maintained a journal. Erik originally pursued a career in Art for a short while. When he moved to the United States he changed his career, this was also when he began to attend Yale University.
Erikson based his theory upon his own experiences and other research. He was a professor at the Yale school of medicine. His professional career ended at Harvard where he wrote essays and conducted behavioral research. (Goodtherapy, 2015)
Theories and work influence
Erik Erikson impacted psychological theories
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Erikson believes that during this stage sexual and occupational identities are involved when the adolescent begins to re- assess his or her identity to find their true self. This happens because this is the stage where the adolescent learns different roles that they will occupy as an adult successfully. Adapting to the different changes the person has to go through will lead to the virtue of fidelity. Peer groups will affect the person’s identity and heavily force the child to play a certain role in …show more content…
I know personally I am partially in stage five where the need to belong in society feels important. I also know the feeling of having my ideas and actions being driven by my peers and other social aspects. Stage five of Erikson’s theory involves exploring roles that one will occupy as an adult, I think that because I find this stage may be harder for people to pass this stage successfully or even continue to other stages. I also feel that I am starting to embark my journey through stage six. I think this because as younger teenager my relationships with my family members were not as strong thus making my relationships with anyone quite weak. I have just recently began to rebuild my relationships with my family, starting with my parents. I don’t think stage six should not limit its relationships with people who one can have an intimate relationship with. I think it should start off with building a strong relationship with the immediate family of a
During this stage, Erikson believes that the individual’s successful identity formation relies on social, cognitive and physical maturation (Pittman, Keiley, Kerpelman, & Vaughn, 2011). The individual tries out different roles for who they see in themselves and who they portray to others, eventually committing to their own personal role and occupational choice. Pittman et al. (2011) describe the identity formation as “consisting of decisions, investments, and commitments tied to current and future roles, goals, and relationships.” Additional considerations for identity formation include the context of the culture which is available to the adolescent during this time. After successful resolution of this stage during adolescence, individuals will typically progress into Erikson’s Intimacy versus Isolation stage during young
Erik Erikson was dabbled in art after he finished high school and then traveled through Europe. He then knew what he wanted to study after his friend suggested him to study psychoanalysis. So he did and later on down the road he received a certificate from Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. He then moved to the United States in 1933 and had a teaching position at Harvard Medical School. He began a private practice in child psychoanalysis. He also held a teaching position at the University of California, Berkeley, Yale, San Francisco Psychoanalytic Institute, Austen Riggs Center, and also the Center for advanced Studies of the Behavioral Sciences. He published many books on his theories and research. He was awarded a Pulitzer Prize and also he was awarded with the national Book Award. He began to studying the cultural life of the Sioux of South Dakota and the Yurok of Northern California. The Knowledge he had gained of the cultural, environmental, and the social help to further the development of his psychoanalytic theory. He contributed to help us understand the personality while it is developed and also shaped over the course of lifespan. One of his quotes say “ You see a child play and it’s so close to seeing an artist paint, for in a play a child say things without uttering a word. You can see how he solves his problems. You can also see what’s wrong. Young children, especially, have enormous creativity, and whatever’s in them rises to the surface in free play.” He took the facts from when he was child and put it into his work and he found much easier from looking at it from a child’s point of view.
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development were complex, but simple. It is something everyone will go through and experiences will always be different. The lack of reinforcement to the positive aspects of his stages can lead to quite a disaster. Surprisingly, previous stages are highly influential to the proceeding stage. The lack of reinforcement to the positive aspects of his psychosocial stages can have a very devastating effect on a person. This is because the effects built up rather than taking the place of one another. The effects are quite horrifying, but with the right environment, experiences and beliefs, everything can go well.
Erikson’s theory is a psychoanalytic theory and Piaget’s theory is a cognitive theory. Erikson thought that human behavior is based on the social part of life and on how people interact with other people. He also thought that a human's lifestyle changes throughout their lifetime. Piaget’s thought that life development was based on organization and adaptation. He also thought that human development occurred more during younger ages than older ages. Erikson’s theory had eight different stages to what he thought was life development. Piaget's theory went through four stages. Parts of both of their theories fit together but each stage had a different aspect
In this crisis, the boy would have to balance between developing a unique and individual identity while still being in a position to fit in, accepted or have a sense of belonging to a certain group. However, it is important for the individual to determine who they want to be in their life and the manner in which others would perceive them. According to Erikson, if an individual manages to navigate through this stage successfully they would emerge with the best understanding of their identity from a personal perspective in which they will also share with others. Therefore, the individual would be referred to have a life that is well adjusted or healthy. At the same time, the individual would be in a better position to associate freely with others, as they would not lose their own
Erik Erikson developed eight psychosocial stages that occur through life. These stages help parents of younger children understand what the child is thinking and why they are acting the way that they do. For a person to become a well-rounded adult they need to succeed in each level. This essay will discuss the first six stages into young adulthood.
His belief was that each human developed their own personality through a series of stages and these stages developed due to the social experiences that one experienced through life. According to Erikson, there are eight stages and each stage centers around a conflict that has to be resolved. Under Erikson’s theory, if conflict or crisis is not resolved, then the outcome will be more crisis and struggles with that issue later on in life (Domino & Affonso, 2011).
The first stage of Erikson’s theory occurs in infancy, which occurs roughly from birth to 18 months. Infancy is an important stage according to Erikson’s theory. In this stage, the individual learns how to trust other individuals. If all the individual’s needs are met in this stage...
. Read the chapter on Erikson in Theories of Childhood. How would you explain Erikson’s theory to a parent?
Everyone is unique and not every person needs to successfully master each level to gain a previous ego skill in a future stage of life. Erik Erikson’s theory is derived from primarily an environmental influence. There is data or analysis conducted that offers insight to biological factors that could alter the stages during psychosocial development. While the environment has a strong influence over human being’s development, I believe our genetic makeup can sometimes be enough to overcome previously failed stages. An example would be a person who was raised in a poor environment, only to rise above the pain and suffering to become successful in all stages of life. I also like to think of myself as a good candidate for somebody that failed earlier stages of psychosocial development, only to gain previously lost ego skills in future stages of
Many theories have been created on how a child develops from many different theorists. Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget are two theorists that based their theory off of the belief that life is a series of stages. Erikson focused on the psychosocial side of development while Piaget focused on the cognitive development. Each theorist has their own beliefs and neither is wrong. Both theories have helped us understand how children development and how to teach them.
It is the stage where an adolescent re-examines their identity. To be precise, the individual tries to find out exactly who they are. According to Erikson, there are two identities involved in this stage. They are; the occupational and the sexual (McLeod, 2017). The adolescent may be uncomfortable with their looks or body, but with time they adapt to the bodily changes. The experiences of this stage result in the virtue of fidelity. The meaning of fidelity is one’s ability to commit their self to others by accepting other people despite their ideologies being different (McLeod, 2017). In this stage, the person explores the possibilities and starts to form their own identity basing upon the outcomes from their explorations. However, a failure to determine a sense of identity in a society does lead to role confusion (Kroger & Marcia, 2011). The adolescent has not established what they want to be when they grow up. Specifically, role confusion entails a person, not sure about their place in society or even themselves. While responding to the role confusion, the adolescent starts to experiment with various lifestyles such as education, work, and other activities. Notably, pressuring someone with identity crisis can lead to a rebellion that can lead to he or she forming a negative identity. Additionally, the confusion and
Initially, Erikson’s stages described a child’s developmental growth during each period. Learning about Erikson and the limitations of each period made me realize that one has to treat separate children differently in every stage. Also, Erikson explains that each stage can affect a child negatively or positively depending on the caregiver and others around the child. Of course Erikson also says not everything one does can be perfect. Learning the complexity of each stage a child enters affects the next. Therefore, raising a child is extremely difficult because one has to adjust to their needs before one’s own. It made me realize that raising a child according to Erikson is not an easy task; even one mistake can lead to consequences. For instance, during the Identity versus Role Confusion a teenager begins to wonder who they are as a person and how to fit into society. If a child comes out of this stage knowing his/her identity then adulthood would not be difficult whatsoever. On the other hand, if teenagers do not know their identity then they would enter adulthood confused about themselves. This identity vs. role confusion role has taught me to appreciate and understand teenagers better therefo...
Adolescence refers to the transition period experienced by children that occur between childhood and adulthood (Shefer, 2011). Identity is first confronted in adolescence between the ages 12 – 19 years old, because of physical and hormonal changes in the body. It is also due to the introduction of formal operations in cognitive development and societal expectation that this contributes to an individual’s identity to be explored and established (McAdams, 2009). The forces within and outside (family, community) the individual that promote identity development usually create a sense of tension. The basic task is, in Erikson’s terms, “fidelity or truthfulness and consistency to one’s core self or faith in one’s ideology” (Fleming, 2004: 9), in a nutshell: "Who am I and where am I
Erik Erikson’s eight Stages of man; politically known as the eight stages of psychosocial development. He promotes social interactions as a motivation to personality development. Erickson studied stages from the beginning of the life cycle to the later stages of life. Erickson was trained under the famous Sigmund Freud. His belief was that it wasn’t only sex that motivated personality development. Social interaction and a growing sense of competence is the key to it all. Because his beliefs differed from the beliefs of Freud, Erikson quickly began to work on his own. Erickson has focused on many different eras of psychological development.