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Public participation in environmental impact assessment
Prons and corns of environmental and social impact assessment
Prons and corns of environmental and social impact assessment
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Introduction
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) refers to a tool that assists in limiting the potential environmental damage of various developments that are undertaken in an area (Handley & Handley, 2001). Other researchers and scholars consider EIA as a key aspect of many large-scale planning applications; whereby, the EIA is used as the technique that help developers understand the potential environmental impacts of any major development proposal (Wathern, 1988). EIA entails information gathering practice that is carried out by both the developer and other relevant bodies to enable the Local Planning Authority appreciate the potential environmental effects of any form of development before giving directions on its commencement or stoppage (Dougherty & Hall, 1995; Wathern, 1988). Therefore, EIA can simply be described as the scientific and public consultation process that helps identify the potential impacts of any proposed project on the environment; that is, the biophysical component of the physical environment.
The stages of conducting the EIA process include scoping, analysis of the impacts, finding mitigation measures and impact management, evaluation of the significance and effective implementation of the project (Wathern, 1988). The application of the EIA requires a collective approach especially carrying out the process in public projects.
This implies that carrying out EIA requires public participation, the project developers, and the professional body to conduct an effective process (Wathern, 1988). Therefore, this paper is based on a critical review and discussion of the applications and importance of the EIA for public projects. It is projected that EIA is particularly important in protecting ...
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...onsidering that some of the projects may fail to incorporate EIA in their implementation process, it should be noted that such developments have significant negative consequences on the public and the environment.
Therefore, the application of the EIA in such public projects is a critical aspect in project developments especially in promoting environmentally sustainable projects and public participation in the EIA process.
Also, the public members are supposed to be actively involved in the EIA process so as to ensure that a cost effective method in conducting the EIA is chosen. Overall, the applications and importance of the Environmental Impact Assessment for public projects is enormous; thus, requires a collective approach and participation of the public members and various authorities in ensuring that any project becomes environmentally sustainable.
The initiation phase of a project is not complete without a clearly defined goal and realistic, measurable objectives that describe the business benefits which are expected to be delivered upon completion of a project (Laureate Educatio...
This Environmental Impact Statement and its enclosed project alternatives can be reviewed for project approval as well as any additional scoping that may be necessary. The preferred build alternative should be selected because of the low environmental impact and beneficial economic benefits compared to the other build and no-build alternatives.
According to the case study, the work of environmental managers often exposes them to many pollution prevention solutions, but they often have trouble getting access to production areas. Production often sees Environmental Managers as "the compliance police". Stakeholders The stakeholders in this case study include the corporation, the community and the countryside.
The role of stakeholders in project management can range from supporting activities such as defining project goals to assessing project risk (Silvius & Schipper, 2014). One common trend in the literature is that no matter what the stakeholder role is, stakeholders should be identified early so that the interactions with the company add value (Fageha, & Aibinu, 2013; Lucae, Rebentisch, & Oehmen, 2014; Turner & Zolin, 2012; Silvius & Schipper, 2014). When the project manager neglects to identify stakeholders at the start of a project, having positive interactions with stakeholders might be limited as the project matures (Hagen & Park, 2013; Allen et al., 2014). Turner and Zolins (2012), Lucae, Rebentisch, Fageha and Aibinu (2013), and Oehmen (2014), agree that stakeholders should be identified in the initial stages of managing projects, mainly during the project planning stage; however, this is difficult to achieve due to the multiple meanings of the term stakeholder (Fageha, & Aibinu, 2013; Doh & Quigley, 2014). In the project planning stage, the following activities must be fulfilled: scope planning, stakeholder identification, stakeholder engagement, communication planning, cost and schedule estimation, funding, procurement planning, quality planning, resource planning, and risk management planning (Fageha, & Aibinu, 2013; Lucae, Rebentisch, & Oehmen, 2014; Poplawska et al., 2015). Stakeholder identification and stakeholder engagement
In the contemporary world, there is need for organizations to manage their projects wisely. With most markets quite saturated and with increasing and improving competition from almost all angles, it is imperative how businesses conduct their projects.
Project Management Institute (PMI) (2013). Project Management Professional (PMP) Handbook. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.pmi.org/certification/~/media/pdf/certifications/pdc_pmphandbook.ashx. [Last Accessed 20 April 2014].
In Title I of NEPA, our government recognizes the immutable link between mankind's dealings and the impacts on the environment. People have an individual responsibility to the world around them. The Constitution assures us "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." However, "life" is undefined. We, as human beings, have the superiority to nurture and preserve all forms of life. Transitions in population growth (or decline), urban spread, industry expansions and technological advances are critical in determining and modifying the ever-changing needs of the environment. Extensive research and planning with State and local government allows NEPA to anticipate, possibly even predict, an environmental disaster before it occurs. These measures are to insure the most beneficial use of our natural resources, to preserve our Nation's history as well as encourage individuality, to search for improvements in recycling our resources and the discovery of new ones. These goals are sought after in a systematic manner to include the most recent available data that could promote or reject proposals for changes t...
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) entails a multifaceted appraisement of the possible aftermath caused by a project or action on the surrounding man-made and natural environment (Wood, 2003). This systematic process requires the involvement of all interested stakeholders in the process and the public, in order to achieve a widespread consent on the planned project and mitigation strategies proposed [European Commission (EC), 2014].
When you are a project manager in an engineering situation you must take into account the environment. Engineering situations often impact the environment. The environmental consequences of your project must be taken into account. Regulations relating to the environment must be met and your team must be made aware of rules relating to the environment. Situations in engineering where the environment can be damaged are common and this should be prevented. There are many laws that regulate what you can do. For example if you were developing a vehicle, there are certain laws that would need to be met. For example numerous hazardous materials that were once used in cars are now banned. (7) It is the project manager’s responsibility that these laws are not broken.
The development of environmental regimes involves a five-fold process. The first process is the agenda setting and issue definition stage, which identifies and brings attention to an issue to the international community. Secon...
Davoudi’s (2012) environmental management typology discusses eight distinct meanings of environment that are incorporated into the planning system of today. The new discourse that is involved with environmental management has meant that the environment is being seen in different ways. And as a result, the meanings attached to the environment have changed substantially over time (Davoudi, 2012). Davoudi (2012) discusses that environmental management is restricted by the limited definitions of the environment, and the onset of climate change and the discourse surrounding it has meant that perceptions of environment have been shaped (Davoudi, 2012). The first definition that is offered is local amenity, which explains that the environment has aesthetic and recreational values associated with it. The next is environment as heritage landscape, which sees the environment as he...
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is the evaluation of the effects likely to arise from a major project (or other action) significantly affecting the environment (Jay, et al., 2007). It is a systematic process for considering possible impacts prior to a decision being taken on whether or not a proposal should be given approval to proceed (Jay, et al., 2007). Consultation and public participation are integral to this evaluation. EIA is thus an anticipatory, participatory environmental management tool (Jay, et al., 2007).
When planning a new project, how the project will be managed is one of the most important factors. The importance of a managers will determine the success of the project. The success of the project will be determined by how well it is managed. Project management is referred to as the discipline that entails the processes of carefully planning, organizing, controlling, and motivating the organization resources so as to foster and facilitate the achievement of specific established and desired goals and meet the specific criteria of success required in the organization (Larson, 2014). Over the course of this paper I will be discussing and analyzing the importance of project management.
Environmental management awareness rose up for last decades until today. So in managing and avoiding environmental degradation happen continuously, the are several policy and regulation formed from time to time. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) And Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is two of environmental protection that being implemented. Most country have the same policy but in own standard of control. These policy primary goal is to ensure the implementation and enforcement
The first and most crucial step is to create a solid plan. Plan should include the techniques, tools and data that are going to used in the project. The responsibilities of all the members should be distributed at this step. The utilization of resources and budgeting of the project should be done here. Management tools such as probability and Impact Matrix, FMEA are useful at this point.