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The influence of religion on science
The influence of religion on science
The influence of science in religion
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Throughout the history of America, religion has always had a presence. It always had a say and was all there was in nature. Everything was religion. This was sparsely challenged in the history prior to the mid nineteenth century. Up until this time period, science didn’t exist as a separate category. Science wouldn’t be considered a rival to religion; in fact religion was science until scientific progress begin to contradict religious beliefs. The very first contradiction with a major religious power was when the church funded astronomers (one of which was Galileo) to create a new calendar because the old one became out of sync. (Southgate) During his research he discovered the Sun was the center of the solar system. The church had promptly put down the idea and suppressed Galileo’s voice. "Blasphemy!" cried the church to its faithful followers, who were trusting of the voices of the holy. However, because technology couldn’t make something so radical clearly factual for the masses, religion took the near split of religion and science in their persuasive hands and smashed them crudely back together. However, America was born after a time where knowledge and happiness and ideas hatched, and science would for the first time demonstrate that it is to be the only thing which may defy the church and other religions with irrefutable evidence. The emergence of science came into America in small but powerful steps. Its humble beginning was almost like an evil force that may or may not be watching, in the beginning of America, 18th century. Religion at the time was the be all end all, nothing could be more true than the words of God being spoken through a priest, anyone who says other wise is against everything you believe in as a believe...
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... physical evidence but is based on faith religion argued that that God created man and since that was already the truth it began as the truth. In fact only 5% of American scientists accepted evolution. (Croce) However in the present evolution is accepted by most scientists and is generally considered an unproven theory. Science and religion beyond this generally did not cross paths. While science continued its unquenchable thirst for truth and knowledge religion did not fade away and maintained its presence in America.
America was affected by a wave of religious shifts throughout its history, being a firmly religious culture to becoming a leader of scientific progression on a global scale and maintaining its religious roots. As shown, America changed from being a religiously dedicated nation to becoming a nation with religious roots with tolerance of other beliefs.
The Scientific Revolution, during the 16th and 18th centuries, was a time of conflict. It was not a hand-to-hand martial conflict. It was a conflict of advancement, similar to the Cold War between the United States and the former Soviet Union. However, it was between the thinkers of the Scientific Revolution, such as Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo Galilei, and the Roman Catholic Church. At the time, the Catholic Church was the most powerful religious body in Europe. It controlled everything from education to faith to finances. Thinkers like Galileo took the risk and went against the church. This is shown through the documents below. Those documents tell the story of Galileo and how he was forced to revoke his support of heliocentrism by the church. The documents below also show the struggle between faith and reason that existed during this era of advancement by hindering the flourishment of the sciences by stating that it did not agree with the Bible and naming these early scientists as heretics.
One of the most visible critics of science today, and the progenitor of the anti-science sentiment is the religious community, specifically the conservative Christians. One can hardly read the newspaper without reading of one religious figurehead or another preaching on the "fallacy of science," pushing their own brand of "truth" on whoever would hear them. As Bishop writes "It is discouraging to think than more than a century after the publication of Charles Darwin's Origin of the Species (1859), and seventy years after the Scopes trial dramatized the issue, the same battles must still be fought."(256) And the loudest rallying cries to these battles can be heard issuing from the throats of the ranks of zealots and their hordes of followers.
Religion of the protestant church was an important factor in the pre-war timeline culture. The Second great awakening, which occurred in the 19th century, greatly impacted American society. This new point of view in terms and matters of faith led northerners to cherish the theory of Christian perfection, a theory that in fact was applied to society in an attempt to eliminate social imperfection. On the other hand, southerners reacted by cherishing a faith of personal piety, which focused mainly on a reading of the Bible; however, it expressed very little concern in addressing society’s problems.1
Gaustad, Edwin S. The Religious History of America: The Heart of the American Story from Colonial Times to Today. N.p.: HarperOne, 2004. Print.
Just like in Europe and many other parts of the world, religion has been on the decline for many years now in America. From the historical point of view, religion in America is very different from what it was in Europe. The first amendment of the American constitution forbids the state to establish an official church of the state. In other words, secularization is the very premise that America is built upon. In many European countries it is the complete opposite as in for example Sweden where the state church has played a huge role for centuries, and where the church was separated from the state only a few decades ago
Throughout its history, the United States has characteristically remained a country of two things: a country of immigrants, and a country of unmatched religious diversity. And yet when compared with the rest of the world – where these two very factors alone have so often engendered horrible religious wars and decades of enduring conflict – the history of religious conflict in the United States seems almost nonexistent.
The eighteenth-century was a time of tremendous change with North America’s religious history. Colonists rejected the more ascetic forms of Christianity as a result of The Great Awakening. By the end of the eighteenth century, the majority of the colonial regions had developed their own extensive denominations of Christianity due to the failure of the English church. The Church of England was declining and new religions ranged from Congregationalist to Anglican to Lutheran. In addition to the many denominational divisions, churches were manifesting a rupture between rationalists and evangelicals. The rise of the Great Awakening amongst prominent colonists signaled a shift towards a more democratic form of Christianity.
Religion has had an immense effect on the moral, social, and political functionality of America. The founders of religion have built rudiments that radiate the founders beliefs and morals which have spread to the modern institutions of tolerance and coexistence. Not only does religion provide a moral basis for almost all family structures of the day, it provides a safe haven for outcasted groups seen in the synthesis of the nation like African Americans, homosexuals, and others. Religion will always be synonymous with peace and acceptance in our nation.
The men who founded America were men with deep religious beliefs and a firm faith in God. They based their actions and decisions on what the Bible teaches, and used God’s laws to write the laws of our nations. Benjamin Franklin once said “Here is my Creed. I believe in one God, the Creator of the Universe. That He governs it by His Providence. That He ought to be worshipped…as to Jesus of Nazareth, my opinion of whom you particularly desire, I think the system of morals and his religion, as he left them to us, is the best the world ever saw, or is likely to see.” (Franklin, Founding Faith Archive). His statement was not only indicative of his beliefs, but of the beliefs of the rest of the founding fathers. They believed that a successful country was built upon principles laid out in the Bible by God, and that ultimately, the “ideal society” could be formed if everyone adhered to the guidelines established throughout the word of God. While these men were not deities that served as any sort of moral standard, they did serve as Godly influences. Their belief that the guidelines for a successful country were written in the Bible ultimately led to these men laying the foundation for one of the most dominant societies this world has ever seen.
We must begin by researching how religion began in America in order to understand what impact religion has on today’s society. When missionaries first arrived in New Mexico from Spain in the sixteenth century, they came to save the souls of pagans. “It was important. This was life and death not simply life and death here on earth, this was eternal life and eternal damnation. For they believed that theirs was the true path to salvation” (“PBS American Experience & God In America 01 A New Adam,” 2015). However, the people who were living in New Mexico, the Pueblo Indians, had their own religious beliefs which they had been practicing for over a thousand years. Although they would listen to the Spaniards, they had no intention of ever converting their religious traditions and beliefs into those of the catholic denomination. Porter Swentzell, a Santa Clara Pueblo passionate describes the Pueblo religion “our whole world around us is our religion, our way of life is our religion, the way we behave is our religion, the way we behave toward one another and towards others that’s our religion” (“PBS American Experience & God In America 01 A New Adam,” 2015). According to Swentzell “The Pueblos were not closed saying ‘our way is the only right way’. When the church came in the Pueblo’s said, ‘hey, we will go to your mass
Before the enlightenment, people viewed religion in a single, narrow category of true or false. Today, religion is an idea that regards many kinds of social behavior that we regard as similar. The American settlement, which is that the government doesn’t prohibit the expression of religion, but does leave it up for debate. There are two parties involved in the American Settlement: providentialists and secularists. Providentialists believed that government should give no preference to any particular denomination, that free exercise of religion should be protected, and that government and Christianity should support each other (Smith, 89). Secularists prefer to keep religious expression out of the state entirely (Smith, 93). Our constitution is a legal document that has also became a set of social practices that make us a nation (Smith, 96). It constitution is simply a way to protect our freedom, but also aims to find out who we are as a democracy. The American settlement is falling apart for three basic reasons. The American settlement is failing because of confusion over what the first amendment really means, the growth of a more aggressive secularism, and how we view neutrality and
...wever, in the best interest of advancing education and an enlightened society, science must be pursued outside of the realm of faith and religion. There are obvious faith-based and untestable aspects of religion, but to interfere and cross over into everyday affairs of knowledge should not occur in the informational age. This overbearing aspect of the Church’s influence was put in check with the scientific era, and the Scientific Revolution in a sense established the facet of logic in society, which allows us to not only live more efficiently, but intelligently as well. It should not take away from the faith aspect of religion, but serve to enhance it.
For centuries, religion in America has been more of a family affair. What this means is that despite the different groupings, almost all major religions have been united under the same American experience. Almost all the main religious denominations have been required to conform to the dictates of Protestantism. Maybe this has been derived from the belief that almost all of these groupings have been responsible for shaping America as we know it today. However, many things have happened in the past few decades to change the way religions have been conducting themselves. One theme that has overly changed over the years is that of pluralism. For many years, America has been a haven of different groupings of people. The British immigration brought with it a different ideology since they lacked unification in their own religious beliefs. This essay seeks to show how the Roman Catholic Church adapted to the challenge of religious pluralism in the American republic by modifying European notions of religious tradition. The adaptations of traditions within the Roman Catholic Church enabled them to be relevant within the communities.
The concern for religion in the United States has been slowly diminishing. This is a threat to American society, because without religion the U.S. must find other ways to establish social cohesion. Social Cohesion is basically getting people to work together or find a way to include everyone into
The conflicts between science and religion have been ending in stalemates for centuries since the presentation of Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution. After the 12th century the Church’s role in the teaching and preservation of the sciences would severely decline. Science grew so drastically that it became its own field of study. As the centuries advanced into the present time period it became more evident that there are still conflict between science and religion. Some of these conflicts are discussed in the March 22, 2013 journal issue of Congressional Quarterly Researcher (CQR) entitled: ‘Science and Religion: Can their conflicts be resolved?’ The article transverses the effects that the conflict between that of science and religion has