Introduction
Proper organ function is dependent on keeping the correct balance of fluid and electrolytes within each body fluid space. There are many different electrolytes in the body. The most common ones are calcium, potassium, sodium, chlorine, phosphate and magnesium. Most electrolytes enter the body in ingested food. One of electrolytes, I would like to discuss in this paper is sodium. I choose sodium electrolyte because our bodies use sodium to control blood volume and blood pressure. Sodium is also needed for our muscles and nerves to work properly. Electrolytes levels in our bodies can become too high or low. That usually happen when the amount of water in our bodies changes, causing dehydration or over-hydration. To understanding more about sodium level, I explain more about the pathophysiology of hypernatremia and hyponatremia in the body.
According to Ignatavicius and Workman (2006), electrolytes, or ions, are substances in body fluids that carry an electrical charge. Cations have positive charges; anions have negative charges. For homeostasis, the total cations in the body are normally equal to the total anions. In health people, the milliequivalents (mEq) per liter for electrolytes in the body vary within a relatively narrow range. However, the distribution of ions differs between the extracellular fluid (ECF) and the intracellular fluid (ICF). Most electrolytes have different concentrations in the ECF and ICF. When electrolytes are no in balance, the patient is at risk for alterations in health because electrolytes regulate distribution and acid-base balance, and maintain a balanced degree of neuromuscular excitability.
Sodium is the major positive ion in fluid outside of cells (extracellular fluid) and is respo...
... middle of paper ...
...art disease and stroke. Patients with high blood pressure, kidney or cardiac problems, and other medical conditions need to avoid sodium. Hypernatremia can be prevented or corrected by ensuring adequate water intake among older adults or those who may not have self-access to water dietary sodium restriction may be needed to prevent sodium excess when renal problems are present. Drug therapies can aim to prevent further increases in serum sodium and decrease high serum sodium levels.
Conclusion
Sodium is an important electrolyte in our body because it helps to maintain body fluid homeostasis. It also helps to regulate the amount of water in our body organ. If too much or too low sodium level can cause cells to malfunction, and can lead to fatal. So be careful more a about what you eat and always consult with the physician if we have any question about health diet.
The effects of low pH, in guinea-pigs digestive tract, showed a similar effect to that of human lactase in a low pH environment. The pH levels tested in the guinea-pigs experiment were 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and the control was 6.5. As the pH became
The chemistry test shows the levels of electrolytes found in the blood: sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus, magnesium and calcium. Imbalances in these electrolytes can cause complications, which especially in the case of potassium, can be deadly. Also shown by the chemistry test, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels can show how well the patient’s kidneys are functioning in filtering waste from the blood. Trauma and blood loss can affect how the kidney’s function not only in filtering waste, but also in acid-base balance, and balancing electrolyte levels. Another marker of kidney function is the glomerular filtration rate, which measures the rate filtrate is created by the glomerulus of the kidney (Winkelman, 2016). This is controlled by the kidneys themselves, meaning changes in the function of the kidneys can lead to an altered filtration rate (Winkelman, 2016). Lactic acid is measured by the chemistry test also, and an increase in lactic acid can signify acidosis caused by the lactic acid being formed by cells that do not have adequate oxygen to process glucose for energy (Workman, 2016). This decrease in available oxygen could be caused by damage to or impairment of the lungs. Carbon-dioxide, which is also measured by the chemistry test, can show
High sodium diet: Too much sodium causes fluid retention which increases the workload of the heart. The reason sodium causes water retention is because water moves from low concentrations to high concentrations. Water follows salt so when too much salt is consumed it draws the water from the blood into the tissue.
Magnesium is an important element necessary healthy bones and teeth. The use of all muscles, and nerves convert it into energy for daily living. It is also instrumental in maintaining adequate levels of calcium in the blood. Having a therapeutic magnesium level helps prevent cardiovascular disease and reduces the risk of bone loss. The body of the adult human contains about 2000 mEq of Mg. Half of this amount stays within the skeleton and the other half in soft tissues (Wacker and Parisi 1968). The normal concentration in the blood is somewhere in the ranges of 1.7-2.3 mg/dL (Magnesium, 2013)
...on dioxide, within the body, affecting the pH balance of the blood. This will then affect proteins within the body, being known as enzymes, which can only function if their surrounding environment is in balance. Any alteration to this environment, will prevent the enzymes from functioning effectively.
Including alkaline foods in your diet provide your body with essential nutrients. These nutrients are directly absorbed and are good for your health. The alkaline diet does not starve you and are good in burning up excess fat .Alkaline foods contain high energy which keeps you going. This helps you avoid other energy foods which could otherwise lead to weight gain.
Potassium is one of the most important elements in human diet. To begin with, potassium works with sodium for various reasons. For example, it helps to regulate body waste, control heart rhythms, and assist in reducing high blood pressure. It also aids in clear thinking by sending oxygen to the brain. This element is crucial to the maintenance of the nervous system and the muscular system. Potassium is an electrolyte, and therefor regulates the balance of fluids inside and outside the cells, including blood.
Bases or alkalis have low hydrogen ion concentration and accept hydrogen ions in solution. Acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured by pH. Acids are constantly produced during metabolism. Several body systems are actively involved in maintaining the narrow pH range necessary for optimal function. Buffers help maintain acid bases balance by neutralizing excess acids and bases. The lungs and the kidneys help maintain a normal pH by either excreting or retaining acids or bases.
Each dissociated ion can now act as a charge carrier, allowing the solution to conduct electricity. Substances that produce ions in solution are called electrolytes and the strength of the electrolyte depends on how well it can break apart into ions when dissolved in a solvent. Soluble ionic salts are labelled as strong electrolytes as they are able to completely dissociate from each other.
Actually the nature of body, itself indicate the dehydration condition by regulate self mechanism. The thirst is body’s ways of telling that it needs the fluid. The thirst is the craving for fluids which is the sign of dehydration, resulting in the basic instinct of animals to drink. It is a mechanism involved for regulation of body in water balance. It arises when the water volume of the body falls below a certain threshold level. Because of that osmolite concentration becomes too high and the message go to the nervous system which cause the thirst is triggered. When the 2% body is hydrated that time thirst occurs and the mouth become dry. But in view of the fact that severe dehydration also not affect on the body but also mild dehydration also serious causes on the body. As thirst sense more slowly, it is difficult to understand the dehydrated situation. Furthermore sensation of thirst is gradually decreasing as raise the dehydration situation. This mild dehydration too effect on body by decreasing performance, energy level, consciousness, person’s mood. One of the lead scientists ...
For example, a study from the Voice Institute of New York found that drinking alkaline water with a pH of 8.8 can help deactivate pepsin. Pepsin is the main enzyme that causes acid reflux. Another study published in the Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine suggests that drinking alkaline water may be beneficial for people who suffer from high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol. Meanwhile, the study from the University of Alberta concludes, “it would be prudent to consider an alkaline diet to reduce morbidity and mortality of chronic disease that are plaguing our aging
A renal diet involves limiting: “total sodium content to 400 mg per meal and 150 mg per snack” (Nephcure) by: cooking without salt, avoiding processed food, buying fresh instead of packaged meat, and choosing fresh vegetables and fruit, not consuming frozen and canned produce which have added salt and paying attention to the size of the
In conclusion, our body is made up of several ions that are essential in the body in order to obtain a healthy system. In order to be provided with the benefits these ions offer the body, the body must be cared for by being fed the right foods, being exercised regularly and making sure it’s healthy by attending scheduled check-ups. Ions help the body in more ways than one. They provide the body with nutrients that strengthen our health system in order to ensure we maintain our well-being. These ions can be beneficial to the human body by maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
The kidneys are a bean-shaped organ in the human body and they have different functions and are of vital importance for it. The kidneys are the pair of organs, which are able to regulate the reabsorption of ions such as potassium, sodium and calcium, which are fundamental substances for the cell. Furthermore, they are involved in the reabsorption of nutrients in the bloodstream and they can regulate the acidity of the blood. Besides the regulation of the fluids and ions, the kidneys are also responsible for the regulation of many different hormones that are involved in homeostasis and metabolism. Because of their importance in the regulation of substances in the body, when the kidneys stop working properly all the body is influenced by that creating disequilibrium in the maintenance of homeostasi...
Water is an essential nutrient that our body requires every day. Without water human life cannot be sustained. Water deprivation kills faster than lack of any other nutrient. People do not think of water as a nutrient and don’t realize the important role of water in the body functions.