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Middle ages Eleanor of Aquitaine
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Eleanor of Aquitaine In an age when men were considered to be superior to women, Eleanor of Aquitaine proved that conclusion wrong by becoming one the greatest queens ever known in history, first as the Queen of France and later as the Queen of England. But many queens during the medieval ages were not able to accomplish what Eleanor did in her lifetime. How did Eleanor become such a powerful queen during the period in which she lived. Eleanor was the eldest of three offspring of William X, the Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitiers (also one of the first Troubadours poets) and Eleanor Chatelleraul de Rochefourcaulb. As a child, Eleanor was educated in subjects girls were not supposed to learn. For example, she learned how to read and was educated in Latin, and she learned to ride a horse at a very young age. Her only brother died as a child, thus making Eleanor their father's heir. When Eleanor was 15 years old, William died and Eleanor became the Duchess of Aquitaine. She married Louis VII, the future king of France , a few months later. Once Louis became the King of France, he needed a son for his heir. Unfortunately, Eleanor only gave birth to two daughters. Marie was born before the second Crusade, and Alisa was born after the Crusade. When Louis decided the “take the Cross” and join the second Crusade, Eleanor contributed military forces for that cause. She also decided to follow Louis and brought three hundred of the closest ladies with her. They were even fashionably dressed in battle attire, but none of them actually fought. The Church frowned upon her idea of joining the Crusade and at a time when no women if any status would challenge the Church or would even think about joining a battle on any kind, Eleanor showed the world how powerful and rich she was by bringing not only a few on her ladies with her but three hundred of them, and neither her husband or the Church was unable to stop her. During the Crusade, Louis and Eleanor met up with her uncle Raymond, who happened to be very handsome and better looking than Louis. Louis then began to notice Eleanor was growing closer to Raymond and decided to take Eleanor away so that the relationship would not develop into a love affair. Louis then decided to travel to Jerusalem and capture the Holy Land . Raymond disagreed with Louis and wanted to re-capture Edessa . Eleanor sided with Ray... ... middle of paper ... ...e over who should be the next king, John, or Eleanor's grandson, Arthur of Brittany. Eleanor helped defeat Arthur to help John to become the new King of England. Eleanor then started to take a less active political role and retired to Fontevrault Abbey. She died around 1204 at the age of 82 and was buried next to Richard's tomb. During her life, Eleanor married two kings, participates in the second Crusade, played an active role in both the French and British governments, and contributed to the rules of courtly love. Eleanor further saw that her daughters were married to men of high power, and helped two of her sons become King of England, thus assuring her place in history as the greatest queen that ever lived. Eleanor encouraged poeple of Aquitaine to get an education, at the time when people did not usaually care if they could read or not. The reason why Eleanor was and still important is because women of her era were not known to play such an important political roles and many queens who also ruled during the medieval time would not have influenced both the French and British courts. In fact, there was not a lot of information about the others queens of England and France.
While Eleanor was married to King Louis VII, Louis and Eleanor joined the second crusade and met up with Eleanor’s handsome uncle Raymond (Au, p.1). Louis began to notice Eleanor growing closer to Raymond (Au, p.1), so he forced her to go along with him to capture the Holy Land in Jerusalem, fearing an eventual love affair (Au, p.1). After the failed trip to Jerusalem, the pair went back to France, where Eleanor fell out of love with her husband. Even though the pope forbade them from dissolving the marriage (Goodman, 2013, p.3), she still found a way to divorce Louis, announcing that her marriage couldn’t be legal in God’s eyes since they were cousins (Au, p.1). Their marriage was annulled, and all of Eleanor’s property was then returned to her following medieval custom (Au, p.1). Hildegard of Bingen was the complete opposite in terms of how she went about achieving her goals, holding a religious authority’s opinion in the highest respect. Since Hildegard was especially concerned about sharing her visions because she lived in a period when the Church was torn apart by heresy, she didn’t want to do anything to label herself as a heretic (Hildegard of Bingen, 2015, p.1). With the permission of the abbot of St. Disibod, Hildegard began to write her vision down (Ferrante, 2014, p.1). Before she published it, it was approved by a papal commission named by Pope Eugene III, at the instigation of her archbishop, Henry of Mainz (Ferrante, 2014, p.1), and with support of Bernard of Clairvaux, who she had written to for advice (Delahoyde, Hildegard of Bingen, p.1). Eleanor always had her eye on the future, and didn’t allow her bad marriage with Louis to hold her back from further political influence. Just 2 months after she
Eleanor Roosevelt was born on October 11, 1884 in New York, New York. While her parent were alive she lived in Italy with them. He father was Elliot Roosevelt, he was a junior partner at a real estate firm. He had alcohol and narcotic issues. Her mother was Anna Rebecca Hall, she was a popular debutante and elite figure. She died when Eleanor was almost 10 and Eleanor was an orphan until she was given to her maternal grandmother. Eleanor Roosevelt was the oldest of her siblings, Elliot and Gracie Hall Roosevelt. Growing up she received private tutoring since she was wealthy. She was taught grammar, arithmetic, literature and poetry. Later, she was also taught German, French, Italian, composition, music, drawing, painting and dance. Although she was not taught on subjects like politics and history, geography and philosophy, her instructor informed her a limitedly exposed her to it. She was raised as Episcopalian, and she kept that as her religious affiliation. This religion is a form of Catechism, which is Catholic, which is the religion that most people were during the time she lived. When she was about 20 years old, instead of returning to the United States from England where she received her schooling but she became involved in the social reform movement during the Progressive Era. After a while, she moved to New York and became a teacher. She was 20 when she married Franklin D. Roosevelt, who was 22. They got married on March 17, 1905. They had one daughter and five sons. They were fifth cousins once removed. After she got married, she fulfilled her duties as a wife and a mother...
...llowed for a new life lesson. It is obvious that the teachings Abigail instilled in her children were great because her son followed in his father’s footsteps and because a political leader and second President of the United States. Her daughter married a man that both she and John approved of and they made a good life for themselves.
Abigail Adams was born in Weymouth, Massachusetts at the North Parish congregational church (The World of Abigail Adams). She came from a well-rounded family. Her great grandfather was a reverend named John Norton, so religion was an important part of her up bringing. Her father, William Smith was a liberal Congregationalist. Her mother Elizabeth Quincy Smith had four children; two daughters, a son who eventually died from alcoholism and Abigail. Abigail was born as a sickly child. Her mother did not believe that she was healthy enough for schooling so she did not live a usual child’s life. She then met with people who believed she was healthy enough and ready to be taught around the age of 11, and she started to further her education from there. Abigail Adams once said, “Learning is not attained by chance, it must be sought for with ardor and diligence” (Brainy Quotes). In order to gain wisdom you must work. She learned in her life that things do not come by chance and that in order to receive you must giv...
Queen Elizabeth I was said to be one of the best rulers of England. Unlike rulers before her, she was a Protestant and not a Catholic. She was not stupid though. She did go to church and did everything that Catholics did to prevent getting her head cut off under the rules of her sister Mary. Elizabeth was very young when she came to rule. She was only 17 years old when her sister Mary died and she took over.
Eleanor was born in the country of Aquitaine (what is now known as Southern France) approximately between the years of 1120 and 1124 (the exact date in unknown). Eleanor was became the eldest daughter of the tenth duke of Aquitaine (William X) and Aenor of Chatellerault. It is often said that Eleanor had been named after her mother Aenor from the Latin alia Aenor, which means the other Aenor. Unlike most of Europe during the twelfth century, the country of Aquitaine gave its women more liberties, and allowed them to mix with the men as much as they pleased. The
The effect of Joan of Arc can be best understood and explained by looking at some of the events surrounding her birth and childhood. She was born in the later half of the Hundred Years’ War. The war was between France and England, which began over the land and control of Aquitaine, located in the southern part of France. Both countries had made legitimate claims of the land, but the dispute was unresolved and war was declared. The war was mainly fought in France and by 1429, England had gained a great portion of France. Joan also entered the world at a time that there was a lot of turmoil not only in her country but also within the church. At this time the Christian theology was not catering enough to the nobility or to the needs of the townspeople. Many were upset and wanted to instill a different type of church. The people became upset with the clergy because they were unaware of or involved in their society. So in order to expel the church leaders and those that stood in their way, rumors of heresy and accusations were thrown. The church began to spiral into much upheaval. Commoners were accusing priests and clergy of heresy and thus weakening the church and their message. So when Joan was born into a town that was associated with a large group of witches and heretics, rumors began to spread about her also.
Eleanor was born in Southern France, in year 1122. She was born into wealth, well educated by her father, William X, Duke of Aquitaine, thoroughly versed in literature, philosophy, and languages. Eleanor wasn’t only intellectual but an avid horse rider and by far one of the most eligible single young woman in Europe. Eleanor’s father was the Duke of Aquitaine and her mother Aénor of Châtellerault who died in 1130 when Eleanor was 8 years old, Eleanor was the eldest daughter of William and had 1 sister, Petronilla of Aquitaine, and 1 half brother, William Aigret
In Hugh LaFollette’s “Licensing Parents,” he says that we should implement a parent licensing program. In this paper I will explain his argument for this view and offer a focused objection on it.
In what situation is it justifiably reasonable for the government to intervene in the process of child development, before the child is born or after? Is it logical or ethical to play eugenics in the sake of raising children for a better future? In Hugh LaFollete’s essay “Licensing Parents”, he offers a new approach to parenting, the right to license parents. LaFollete argues that the licensing of parents is not only “theoretically desirable”, he also lays out how licensing could be established by talking about the “rights to have a child”. And although LaFollete does makes a good point about why licensing parents is a good idea, I will also point out some flaws in his essay to his position.
Eleanor married King Henry II. This marriage was doomed from the start and there are many rules that stand out of the Courtly Rules of Love that bloomed during her marriage with Henry. Her tenth rule especially, stating that Love is always a stranger in the home of avarice is true as proved by Eleanor's life. Henry was extremely avarice and it was a huge part of why the marriage between him and Eleanor did not go well. Eleanor had what henry wanted, the land. Eleanor needed a husband to keep her safe so the land wouldn't end up in the wrong hands and so she would be physically safe. Henry's lust for land was always strong and with the land, he got when he married Eleanor meant he technically had more land than the king of France, something he had always wanted. Their marriage was a political match, they both got what they needed but it was all politics, rather than a marriage of love and want. When you marry with avarice something is bound to go wrong. Another way Henry’s avarice played a part in the downfall of the king and queen of England was when he killed the Archbishop of Canterbury out of greed and selfishness. On December 29, 1170, he did one of the most horrific crimes against the church, he had Thomas A Becket hacked to death in the cathedral of Canterbury. Henry allowed his avarice to take over and the results of
She was the Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right, Queen-consort of France, and later Queen of England. She married King Louis VII when she was just fifteen years old. She accompanied him on the Second Crusade, and appeared at Vézelay dressed like an Amazon warrior galloping through the crowds on a white horse, urging men to join the crusades. After an unsuccessful campaign, and Eleanor’s displeasure at her monkish husband’s lack of military backbone, they returned to France on separate ships. Their marriage was full of tension, and she caused quite the scandal when she petitioned for an annulment in 1152 on the grounds of consanguinity. Six weeks after her marriage to Louis was dissolved, Eleanor married Henry of Anjou, the future King of England. Their marriage was one of matched passion, wealth, and ambition, and produced eight children. Eleanor served as Regent in Henry’s absence, governed her own lands in Aquitaine, and was a key political player in European politics. Henry II was notoriously unfaithful, which caused their marriage to fall apart and eventually for Eleanor to support their sons in a rebellion against the King. For this betrayal, she was imprisoned until her husband’s death, and wasn’t free again until she was in her sixties. Her son, Richard the Lionheart, made it his first act as King to release his mother from prison. She ruled as Regent while Richard went on the 3rd Crusade,
I begin by advocating the more strict form of licensing since that is the standard method of regulating hazardous activities. The author advocates for it as he feels that this is the sole measure that could prevent abuse and negligence for children. Parental licensing may sound frightening, but bad parenting can have detrimental consequences for children and society. However, unlike medicinal or law practice, reproduction is a private affair and thus does should not be subject to any governmental regulation or
Rising from a distinct tradition of fiber arts and crafts, Central Appalachia is a region developed from a unique mixture of cultural, social, and geographical circumstances (See Chapter 2). At the end of the nineteenth century and early in the twentieth, while other parts of the country were putting away spinning wheels and looms in favor of synthetic materials mass-produced in a factory, Central Appalachia was strengthening their heritage by continuing local fiber craft traditions. Higher education institutions such as Berea College in Berea, Kentucky, Penland School of Crafts in Penland, North Carolina, Arrowmont School o...
Luice-smith in his article ‘Craft Today, Historical Roots and contemporary perspectives’ which is written 1983, pointed out the contemporary craft perspectives and also the various applications of craft in that age. He believes that many of this meaning for craft shaped in the sixties and hadn't changed dramatically over time, and so far these concepts continue to emerge in the same way in the contemporary world. He describes the formation and concept of crafts as follows: