Ebola is the most modern autoimmune disorder on the planet that poses the biggest threat to the human race on the planet. However, there is an older disorder that originated also in Africa known as the Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV. The number of people in the world infected with HIV has just as of recently tipped over thirty million and a whopping twelve million have died since the epidemic began. Robert Gallo is credited with the discovery of the AIDS virus and published that its transfer was through bodily fluid. Gallo discovered that the HIV virus is what causes the central immune system to become weakened and leading towards the outcome of AIDS. AIDS is the condition after the HIV virus goes to work on the human immune system, …show more content…
There are three stages of severity when a patient contract AIDS. “During the first stage, the individual experiences general flu-like symptoms but remains relatively healthy while the immune system are fighting back”(Bruno 3). Often times, patients have no idea that they are even infected into the AIDS stage of HIV. The beginning symptoms are so similar to the common cold that it is hard to distinguish what is wrong with the …show more content…
Without it as part of the mammalian body, animal life would cease to exist and even the simplest microbial would struggle in the environment. Prime qualities have been selected for millennia and have adapted into a complex system that a computer system could not come close to replicating. It is the duty of all humans to further research on the immune system to further guarantee the survival of human life forms. With so many threatening factors in the environment, it is frightening to imagine an outbreak capable of wiping out all that humanity has worked for in the last centuries. Changes in the ways that pathogens attack our body will be of the most importance to observe. Human bodies are already struggling with the few bypasses that autoimmune viruses have imposed, and not to mention the thousands of possibilities that will be available in the future. Only through unique dedication, surveillance, and enthusiastic devotion to human health will the immune system reign all-powerful throughout a world of
Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system transmitted between people by the mixing of bodily fluids. It is an extremely deadly disease that has killed over thirty-six mi...
In the New York Times interview of Richard Preston, the well renowned author of The Hot Zone, is conducted in order to shed some light on the recent Ebola outbreak and the peaked re-interest in his novel. The Hot Zone is articulated as “thriller like” and “horrifying.” Preston uses similar diction and style choices corresponding with his novel. By choosing to use these specific methods he is advertising and promoting The Hot Zone to the audience members that are interested in reading, and reaching out to those who read and enjoyed his novel. He continuously grabs and keeps the reader’s attention by characterizing and personifying Ebola as the “enemy [and] the invisible monster without a face” in order to give the spectators something to grasp and understand the Ebola virus. Along with characterization, Preston uses descriptions with laminate
I was pleasantly surprised by the end of the book. It didn't have the twists and turns the beginning of the book had, but it was actually interesting. It was interesting to see how the Kitum cave and areas near that were explored.
The structure and function of our immune systems is a great help for our body to keep all of us healthy. Our immune system has a specific structure that it should maintain. There are also organs that play a major part for the health of our immune system. These organs are called lymphoid organs because of the lymphocytes that inhabit that area. (white blood cells) Bone marrow is also one of the key elements for the immune system, this is where all of our blood cells are being made along with the white blood cells. With the help of the bone marrow, white blood cells are constantly traveling throughout our bodies using the blood cells for help. Another structure that is important for our immune system is lymphoid tissue. Lymphoid tissue acts as a gateway into our bodies that help to prevent incoming germs.
In recent decades, there are high numbers of the disease are breaking out worldwide. West Africa could be one of the most frequent happen area of the incidence of disease. These diseases easy to be spread and them usually can cause high risk of death. Ebola, one of the fast transmissible viruses, outbreaking wide in West Africa area recently. Ebola has caused 5,459 deaths out of 15,351 (Reuters, 2014) cases identified in Africa and the number of death is still climbing.
In the early 1980s deaths by opportunistic infections, previously observed mainly in organ transplant recipients receiving therapy to suppress their immune responses, were recognized in otherwise healthy homosexual men. In 1983 French cancer specialist Luc Montagnier and scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris isolated what appeared to be a new human retrovirus—a special type of virus that reproduces differently from other viruses—from the lymph node of a man at risk for AIDS (see Lymphatic System). Nearly simultaneously, scientists working in the laboratory of American research scientist Robert Gallo at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, and a group headed by American virologist Jay Levy at the University of California at San Francisco isolated a retrovirus from people with AIDS and from individuals having contact with people with AIDS. All three groups of scientists isolated what is now known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was first recognized as a new disease in 1981 when increasing numbers of young homosexual men succumbed to unusual opportunistic infections and rare malignancies (Gallant49).During this time, many people were contacting this disease because it was not discovered yet and people did not have knowledge about it.Scientists believe HIV came from a particular kind of chimpanzee in Western Africa. Humans contracted this disease when they hunted and ate infected animals. A first clue came in 1986 when a morphologically similar but antigenically distinct virus was found to cause AIDS in patients in western Africa (Goosby24). During this time, scientists had more evidence to support their claim about this disease. Once discovered this disease was identified as a cause of what has since become one of the most devastating infectious diseases to have emerged in recent history (Goosby101). This disease was deadly because it was similar to the Black Death, it was killing majority of the population. Since its first identification almost three decades ago, the pandemic form of HIV-1 has infected at least 60 million people and caused more than 25 million deaths ...
S/S of HIV infection are often overlooked as normal signs of aging. During the first 2-4 weeks flu like symptoms may be noted, due to a large amount of the virus produced in the body. Other early stages of progression often missed, weight loss, skin rashes, fatigue, night sweats. Several infections may be noted, with the progression of weight loss, diarrhea and chronic illiness during the late stages of the disease (e.g. various forms of cancer are linked to HIV/AIDs disease) possibly due to one’s weakened immune system.
The virus initially is spread to the human population after contact with an infected wildlife and is then spread through direct contact with body fluids such as blood, urine, sweat, semen, and breast milk. Family members and healthcare workers who contract the virus usually obtain it from direct contact with the infected person. In some of the countries like Sudan and Zaire that are less developed and their healthcare is under-financed needle transmission is common since at times needles used on Ebola patients are reused without proper sanitizing. Another method of transmission is supposed to be airborne transmission. Patients can transmit the virus while febrile and through later stages of disease, as well during funeral preparations at postmortem. Additionally, the virus has been isolated in semen for as many as 61 days after illness onset.
Thesis Statement: The deadly virus Ebola is killing thousands of innocent people world wide, but there are some simple steps that are being taken to prevent this coming tide of death.
One of the current major concerns in the world is the outbreak of Ebola. Ebola is a infectious disease that comes from the Ebola virus and it can cause death if the patient is left untreated. The disease can be managed with treatment of the patient, however. Ebola is a disease that is a major concern in the Subsaharan African Realm, and in the North American Realm,but it is beginning to be dealt with sufficiently in the Northern American Realm.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, commonly known as HIV/AIDS is a disease, with which the human immune system, unlike in other disease, cannot cope. AIDS, which is caused by the HIV virus, causes severe disorder of the immune system and slowly progresses through stages which disable the body’s capability to protect and instead makes it vulnerable for other infections. The first blood sample to contain HIV was drawn in 1959 in Zaire, Africa while molecular genetics have suggested that the epidemic first began in the 1930s (Smallman & Brown, 2011). Currently, according to the Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS, 35.3 million people worldwide are living with HIV. In 2012, an estimated 2.3 million people became newly infected with the virus and 1.6 million people lost their lives to AIDS (Fact Sheet, UNAIDS). It is due to the globalized international society that a disease which existed in one part of the world has managed to infect so many around the world. Globalization is narrowly defined by Joseph Stiglitz as "the removal of barriers to free trade and the closer integration of national economies" (Stiglitz, 2003). Globalization has its effects in different aspects such as economy, politics, culture, across different parts of the world. Like other aspects, globalization affects the health sector as well. In a society, one finds different things that connect us globally. As Barnett and Whiteside point out (2000), “health and wellbeing are international concerns and global goods, and inherent in the epidemic are lessons to be learned regarding collective responsibility for universal human health” (Barnett & Whiteside, 2000). Therefore, through all these global connections in the international society, t...
"Bill for Ebola Adds Up as Care Costs $1,000 an Hour." Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg, n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2014.
... the case of autoimmunity, allergies, rheumatoid arthritis are but a few that the immune system failed to operate. When the immune system doesn’t work then modern medicine has to step in to help our body’s heel.
In 1981, a new fatal, infectious disease was diagnosed--AIDS (Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome). It began in major cities, such as New York, Los Angeles, Miami, and San Francisco. People, mostly homosexual men and intravenous drug users, were dying from very rare lung infections or from a cancer known as Kaposi’s sarcoma. They have not seen people getting these diseases in numerous years. Soon, it also affected hemophiliacs, blood recipients, prostitutes and their customers, and babies born from AIDS-infected women. AIDS was soon recognized as a worldwide health emergency, and as a fatal disease with no known cure, that quickly became an epidemic. When high-profile victims began to contract the virus, such as basketball star Magic Johnson, the feeling spread quickly that anyone, not just particular groups of people, could be at risk. AIDS impairs the human body’s immune system and leaves the victim susceptible to various infections. With new research, scientists think that the disease was first contracted through a certain type of green monkey in Africa, then somehow mutated into a virus that a human could get. AIDS is a complicated illness that may involve several phases. It is caused by a virus that can be passed from person to person. This virus is called HIV, or Human Immuno-deficiency Virus. In order for HIV to become full-blown AIDS, your T-cell count (number of a special type of white-blood cells that fight off diseases) has to drop below 200, or you have to get one of the symptoms of an AIDS-induced infection.