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Aetiology of eating disorders
Aetiology of eating disorders
Biological explanation for eating disorders
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1.3 Genetically inheritable family genes Numerous studies have showed the part of heredity in eating disorders. Eating disorders are obviously transmitted inside families, implying that heredity is to be sure an element. While study information have not demonstrated that dietary issues are naturally transmitted from mother to girl, for instance, they do demonstrate a conceivable transmission of temperamental traits or a vulnerability to different stressors that appear to build the danger of creating these disorder (Douglas). Approximately 56% risk of developing an eating disorder is contributed by the genetic factors and individuals with affected family members are twelve times more likely to develop an eating disorder (Engel, 2007). More research into the hereditary components of dietary problems has entered in on neurochemistry. It has been demonstrated that the neurotransmitters neuroepinephrine and serotonin are extremely decreased in patients that are enduring with intense cases of bulimia and anorexia nervosa. These are the same neurotransmitters that functions adversely when people are battling with misery. This relationship has headed a few scientists to construe that there could be a connection between dietary issues and wretchedness. Notwithstanding making emotions of passionate and physical fulfillment, the neurotransmitter serotonin likewise is answerable for feelings of totality in the wake of consuming. Extra cerebrum chemicals have been inspected for their potential part in dietary issues. An abundance of examination recommends that few distinctive neurotransmitters are included in eating disorders (Engel, 2007). The hormones cortisol and vasopressin have been seen at raised levels in people with dietary problem... ... middle of paper ... ...identifiable progression and predictable symptoms. Retrieved from http://www.raderprograms.com/causes-statistics/causes-statistics-overview.html Scholz M, Asen E. (2001) Multiple family therapies with eating disordered adolescents: concepts and preliminary results. European Eat Disord Review 9:33-42. The Eating Disorder Foundation. (2013). About eating disorders. Retrieved from http://www.eatingdisorderfoundation.org/EatingDisorders.htm Witler, B. (n.d.). Peer pressure and eating disorders. Retrieved from http://www.coreythewackyapple.com/peer_pressure.html
Eating disorders are not caused by a single source, such as control, but are due to an accumulation of factors including genetics, upbringing, culture, and personality.
It is difficult to treat if patients don’t gain weight. This documentary film described that fifty percent of individuals will relapse in the first year if normal weight has not be achieved prior to leaving treatment. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary team approach. In addition to restriction many patients also increase activity levels. The film also examined individuals that have Exercise Anorexia. In conclusion the documentary pointed out the disorders have links to Anxiety. They stated that Prozac and Paxil have been found helpful in treating patients. They noted that Bulimia is linked to depression. The film also described a research study conducted to examine satiety related to food and CCK Cholecystokinin disturbed digestion in individuals with eating disorders. CCK is a digestive hormone that stimulates fat and protein digestion, and promotes the feeling of satiety. The film also stated that it takes years to fully recover from
Aside from the genetic component there is also the culture around eating in the home. Parents usually decide what type of food is eaten in the house and this in turn shapes a child’s thoughts about what is and isn’t normal. If the child is taught unhealthy eating habits from an early age it can lead to eating disorders due to the child modeling their behaviour after the parent. “Data suggest that parents, particularly mothers, may contribute to their children’s (particularly daughters’) decision to lose weight” (Module 6, slide
Yager, J. (1982). Family issues in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa. Psychosomatic Medicine. 44, 43-59.
Look in the mirror. Do you like what you see? Most of us have come to appreciate ourselves for who we are. While other’s struggle to achieve the perfect body. They strive to be what is depicted in fashion magazines and movies. The never ending obsession to be the perfect size zero. This inevitably can lead to eating disorders. Eating disorders can cause someone to have an unhealthy image of themselves and food is the enemy. In a national survey at the Mclean Hospital in Massachusetts it was estimated that over 9 million people suffer with eating disorders. They can struggle with anorexia, bulimia or binge eating. A study conducted by the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders states that most of these diseases start before the age of twenty. Another growing problem in the United States is obesity. Over 60 million Americans suffer from this disease, this according to the American Obesity Association (gale opposing viewpoints: eating disorders 2010).
Recently, a great amount of psychological literature has focused on finding biological and genetic causes of mental illnesses and disorders, including eating disorders. However, according to recent twin studies, the heritability component of eating disorders may only account for 0% to 70% of the variance (Fairburn, Cowen, & Harrison, 1999). The leaves an ample amount of room for speculation of possible environmental risk factors for eating disorders. In this paper, I wish to examine one possible environmental risk that has received attention since the mid-80’s. Since that time, researchers have searched to determine the relationship between childhood sexual abuse, or trauma in general, and the development of eating disorders.
Anorexia is rooted in both nature and nurture. The nature and nurture are sometimes based on the bad genes of the father and the mother. The bad genes produce faulty neurotransmitters and circuits.(“Case”)
...Environmental Factors and Biochemistry Combine to Cause Eating Disorders." Healthy Place. Healthy Place, 2011. Web. 13 Oct 2011. .
Today, America is plagued with eating disorders such as Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Compulsive Eating Disorders. Each has its own characteristics that distinguish the illness yet there are some similarities that they also share. According to the National Eating Disorders Association, as with most mental illnesses, eating disorders are not caused by just one factor but by a combination of behavioral, biological, emotional, psychological, interpersonal and social factors. Shockingly, they also report that in the United States, there are as many as 10 million females and 1 million males that are battling with eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia. Additionally, another 25 million are struggling with binge eating disorders (www.NationalEatingDisorders.org). Typically, psychological factors such as depression and low self-esteem contribute to eating disorders...
An eating disorder is a way of using food to work out emotional problems. These illnesses develop because of emotional and/or psychological problems. Eating disorders are the way some people deal with stress. In today’s society, teenagers are pressured into thinking that bring thin is the same thing as being happy. Chemical balances in the brain that may also result in depression, obsessive compulsive disorders, and bi-polar disorders may also cause some eating disorders. Other causes may be emotional events, illnesses, marital or family problems, manic depression, or ending a relationship. Over eight million Americans suffer from eating disorders. Over 80% of girls under age thirteen admit to dieting, one of the main factors linked to eating disorders. Although eating disorders are mainly found in middle- to upper class, highly educated, Caucasian, female adolescents, no culture or age group is immune to them (EDA HP, n.p.). The three major eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and compulsive over-eating or binge-eating.
Muise, A. M., Stein, D. G., and Arbess, G. (2003). Eating disorders in adolescent boys: A review of the adolescent and young adult literature. Journal of adolescent Health, 33, 427-435.
Since the first century, eating disorders have been believed to exist. Binging and purging was present in 700 B.C. by the Romans who ate extravagantly at banquets and then rid of the consumed food by forcing it out of their bodies, which would then allow them to continue eating. Another examp...
The study presented in this presentation focus on four different aspects of the influence of neurotransmitters that have an influence on eating. The first aspect is a 36 amino acid peptide transmitter known as the NPY. The NPY contains five different receptors; Y1, Y2, Y4, Y5, and Y6. Y2 is specifically geared towards memory. Y5 pertains to eating. Y6 is found in some animals, but not really found in humans. The Y1 and Y5 receptors are specifically for eating. The more NPY found within the body, the more a person would eat. A question, which was presented in this presentation, was if certain areas of the brain could be identified as being responsive to the metabolic action of the NPY. In order to study this idea, and experiment was performed where NPY was injected directly into different target areas. From this, it was shown that there were specific areas of the brain that responded to the levels of NPY differently.
An eating disorder is a serious health condition involving extremely unhealthy dietary habits. There are a number of accepted eating disorder treatments that depend on the symptoms and severity of the illness. The most effective treatments involve both psychological as well as physical issues with the ultimate goal being a healthy dietary lifestyle. The team approach to treatment involves professionals with experience in eating disorders that usually includes a medical provider, mental health workers, registered dieticians and case managers. These individuals work together in hopes of avoiding a life threatening situation.
Shapiro, C. M. (2012). Eating disorders: Causes, diagnosis, and treatments [Ebrary version]. Retrieved from http://libproxy.utdallas.edu/login?url=http://site.ebrary.com/lib/utdallas/Doc?id=10683384&ppg=3