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Theory and Practice in Early Childhood Education
Early childhood education reflective overview statement
Principles of early childhood education
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Recommended: Theory and Practice in Early Childhood Education
Introduction
In early childhood growth and development, particularly in early kindergarten and primary school, learners are highly likely to forget or miss some aspects of learning, necessitating the continuous provision of education even in the absence of their teachers and parents. Especially, children aged 8 and below, if not constantly reminded of the concepts they learn in school, are likely to miss or long for certain activities encountered in earlier classes. The purpose of early years lesson planning and activities is to ensure that children do not miss memory-jogging activities such as playing with sand, water, role-play, small world, brick-play and other similar activities (Foundationyears.org.uk, 2016).
The purpose of this continuous provision plan for early year foundation stages was
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The initial and most basic forms of communication for infants are looks, smiles, gestures and talking. In particular, familiar voices, items and gestures are ideal for communication in early childhood education and development (Foundationyears.org.uk, 2016). In line with the provisions of the Early Years Foundation Stage, the three aspects of communication and language considered in the plan were listening and attention, understanding and speaking. To achieve listening and attention objectives, the plan emphasized positive relationships among children and with their adult-facilitators through activities such as eye contact, verbal and non-verbal communications. A lot of attention was also attached on the need for learners to take part and start communication with their peers. Listening was also made a key concern and can be developed through watching, imitation, chatting in rhymes, stories and sound- or word-games (Foundationyears.org.uk,
We need to adapt our verbal communication accordingly to the different situations. Working on a learning activity it is important that the children are focused and that we deal with any distractions
The most popular method for educators at the centre to build on children’s comments and conversations is by talking with them, particularly by talking through processes or experiences as they are happening. With infants this process of talking through experiences and processes seems more like narration. Spending time in the infant room feels solidary as I talk to myself for most of the day, however it is important to remind myself that the child is learning through my one-sided conversations. Baby’s language develops socially, they listen to those speaking around them and then begin to internalise the words that are high frequency (Clarke, 2004). As they develop their vocabulary grows as they build their repertoire through socialisation. Research
Children are born with an ability to communicate their immediate needs to their mothers, nurses or caregivers by crying or displays of other emotions. As they develop more knowledge of language they are able to point, look at objects and smile to acknowledge they are pleased with, or otherwise, what they are receiving.
Soderstrom, M. (2007). Beyond baby talk: Re-evaluating the nature and content of speech input to preverbal infants. Developmental Review, 27(4), 501-532.
Language is a big part of development for an infant and is used in their everyday life. Language can be more than just talking, it can be movement and gestures also. Baby Sign Language is a product that advertises the teaching of sign language to infants starting at age six to eight months. This product claims to help babies communicate so they cry less, boost brain development, increases IQ and helps parents understand their child better. The benefits are greater than the disadvantages of the product and this can be seen in writings by Alan Fogel, Elizabeth Kirk and Lauri Nelson.
It discusses how children are born with that needs to connect with individuals around them. Teachers and providers create positive relationship with children from birth through the early years. The foundation for that healthy social and emotional development because it affects her children see the world, express themselves, manages their emotions, in establishing a positive relationship with others. There were several areas of development that included social interactions that focus on the relationship that we share and include relationship with adults and peers. Emotional awareness recognized and understands your feelings and actions of other people, and self-regulation where you have that ability to express your thoughts, feelings, and behavior in a socially appropriate way. There were many tips that were listed when working with infants from talking and reading, having that warm, responsive, and consistent care, maintaining predictable routines, and getting to know each child while following their lead. The importance of supporting children and developing social skills is critical for learning, happiness, and long-term. This development begins during infancy and can be supported through simple social games, emotional role model, and imitating an infant's facial expression and sounds. The importance of social-emotional development and toddlers makes an impact in a child life when these skills are developed starting in infancy. Encouraging positive behaviors and using positive discipline practices that helped to develop the ability to make good choices as well as recognizing the confidence that is built when these behaviors are repeated. This is a process for young children to learn these behaviors always remembering that a patient response will help especially when the behaviors are
In the process of human infants’ development, infants start to learn how to communicate with the others at the surprising early age, for example: Newborns can follow objects to make saccades to peripheral targets (Farroni et al., 2004);Infants’ responding eye gaze behaviour increase constantly since two months old (Scaife & Bruner, 1975); Cooper and Aslin pointed out that this preference showed up as early as the infants were one month old in 1990. Infants not only can respond to eye contact, vocal cues also are used for gaining more reference information during a communication, particularly when the speech is conducted forward to the infants. It had been reported in many studies that infants show more preference to infant-directed communication
Rodnick, R., & Wood, B. (1973). The communication strategies of children. The Speech Teacher, 22(2), 114-124. DOI: 10.1080/03634527309377999
“Because brain development is so heavily dependent on early experience, most babies will receive the right kind of nurturing from their earliest days, through our loving urges and parenting instincts. “there are so many things that I’ve read that could make a baby smarter like reading to them while pregnant or even talking to them so the brain can develop the right way while in the womb but loving your child and catering to them is the right way and will eventually lead them to the right path to learn. Yes, speaking to your child and listening to them can and will critically develop the brains –building years. Parents do forget that a child’s developments are not when school begins but before that. If a child comes from a home that listens and speaks when the other one is done and knows manners the child will develop that and learn that is the right way to go about things as oppose to a house hold who may talk over each, shout or even hit their brains will pick all that up like a sponge. So talking to your child and actually listening to them is one of the best brain developments. “Language is fundamental to most of the rest of cognitive development, this simple action—talking and listening to your child—is one of the best ways to make the most of his or her critical brain-building years.” (Zero to
Hart (2000), states, “Talking is important for children, because the complexity of what children say influences the complexity of other people’s response” (para. 1). 1).
The role of teachers in employing these theories in their work is to design and plan their curriculum to stimulate children’s learning and cognitive development through play. Educators are acting as the stage manager. They are required to schedule some time for children to participate in open-ended, self-initiated free play. They need to set up environments for play, planning schedules with enough space, materials and time for children to play. For instance, an early childhood teacher has decided to let children play with sand in a day. She /He needs to set up the sand center in a safe area and supervises children fully to make sure that children are playing safely. She /He needs to provide sufficient supply of tools and materials to use in sand so that every child have adequate choices to choose the tools they want. Rather than divide the tools for children, the educator make children do their own choices and therefore children can gain some sense of control. When children are playing with sand, the educator should observe each child carefully, encouraging them to solve the problems themselves and consider their feelings (Crosser, n.d.). Moreover, the educator should interactive with children responsively and positively. She /He can ask questions including “What do you think/ feel about playing with
(Terri Jo, 2017, p. 50) Also, the relationship is the key and foundation to all children and families. Interact with infant’s educator should aware of the potential for all Interactions and experiences to result in learning such as age in conversation during toddler meal times or using feeding time to hold infants. Even with infants who cannot talk yet, the educator should be using sign language to interact with them, for example, put your hand look like holding a cup, then do the drink water action that means I want water. Also, providing infants with a language-rich environment by repeat same sample words to them.
This initial communication forms the basis of the child’s interactional language function, it teaches the children expressions of love and emotion (“Smile! How smiling helps baby development,” 2015). This is why the initial displays of love from the parent are essential in the development children’s language development in the early stages. This is often followed by newborns starting to make noises in attempts to communicate, followed by basic words which often leads to an instrumental function. Once the child learns the instrumental function of language, they are able to communicate their needs and wants, even in a primitive one or two words, such as, “milk” or “juice”.
Children starting school need to be able to communicate to express their needs and feelings, listen to instructions from their teachers and school staff and communicate effectively with their peers. In the UK, children face significant demands on their communication skills. For those starting in reception, the Early Years Foundation Stage (Department for Education, 2014a) goals include expressing themselves effectively and using past, present and future tenses whilst those starting in year one (Department for Education, 2014b) are expected to develop, amongst other skills, the ability to maintain and monitor the interest of the listener and consider and evaluate different viewpoints whilst building on
Technology demonstrates a vast impact on how well people will think, learn and interact. The development of technology involved in the classroom yields to advancement for communication and collaboration within the educational community. This involvement will focus on each group; students, parents, community and global community. The detailed information in this draft will clearly describe my plans for each group’s engagement in my classroom communication plan, addressing internet security and safety plans that will lead to an education of quality learning.