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Components of effective communication
Components of effective communication
Effective communication fundamentals
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Nursing theorist Dr. Margret Jean Watson grew up in Welch, West Virginia where she was the youngest out of eight children (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). Once she graduated high school she married Douglas Watson and then moved to Colorado (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). Once she moved her and her husband had two daughters one named Julie and the other named Jennifer. Between her two daughters Dr. Watson has five grandchildren (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). Even after Mr. Watson’s death in 1998, Dr. Watson continues to live in Boulder, Colorado and is currently writing several nursing books regarding her theory (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006).
Dr. Watson has had a lot of educational and professional advancements throughout her life. After graduating high school she attended the Lewis Gale School of Nursing in Roanoke, Virginia and graduated in 1961 (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). Once she got established in Colorado she got her baccalaureate degree in 1964 and went on to get her master’s degree in psychiatric-mental health nursing in 1966 at the Boulder campus (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). After obtaining her masters Dr. Watson continued her education and got her doctorates in educational psychology and counseling in 1973 at Boulder’s Graduate School (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). After her doctorial graduation Dr. Watson joined the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center in Denver as part of the school’s faculty and went on to become the school’s dean from 1983 through 1990 (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). Dr. Watson has been honored by many universities and one of which she was honored was by the University of Colorado School of Nursing in 1992 with a distinguished professor of nursing honor (M...
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...also relevant to day with her webinars and presentations regarding her theory (The Watson Caring Science Institute, 2013). She also continues to work on her theory by attempting to extend it to a meta-paradigm level and her theory is one of the theories that are acknowledged as critical to the professional regulation of nursing (Watson & Smith 2002).
Dr. Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Caring has ten carative factors that could assist nurses to not only help their patients on a physical level but also on an emotional one. Her theory which consists of helping patients heal on a metaphysical level is very well thought out and could help patients heal better than they would have without the nurse connecting with them on that particular level. The theory also helps to show nurses that their patients are people as well and they need extra support from their nurses.
Both theories use communication as the backbone to their theories and in developing an environment conducive to promote healing. Although communication is the framework for both theories, types of communication is looked at different in each theory. In Watson’s theory, she that communication is a spiritual occurrence. The focus is on nonverbal as well as verbal expressions. She also involves personal experiences and growth, art, religious practices. Watson uses the concept of care as the center of nursing care. The goal of the Human Care Theory is for the patient and nurse to gain a higher degree of harmony within themselves, cultivating a wholeness of mind/body/spirit (Watson Caring Science Institute, 2010, p.
Loiselle, C. G., Profetto-McGrath, J., Polit, D. F., Beck C. T., (2007). Canadian essentials of nursing research (2nd ed.) Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
In the field of Nursing, the role of caring is an important, if not the most critical, aspect involved to ensure that the patient is provided with the most proficient healthcare plan possible. Jean Watson developed a series of theories involved with transpersonal relationships and their importance, along with caring, in the restorative process of the patient and healing in general. Although all of Watson 's caritas processes are crucial to the role of nurses and patient care, the fourth process is incredibly essential as it outlines the importance of the caring nurse-patient relationship. This paper serves to identify Watson 's fourth caritas process, how it can be integrated in nursing care and how it can be developed by current nursing
Watson conceived her Theory of Human Caring while she was teaching at the University of Colorado in 1975 to 1979 (Conway et al, 2011). It evolved from her personal views on nursing and merged with her learning and experience from her doctoral studies in education, clinical and social psychology. With the publication of her first book, Jean Watson developed the initial ideas of her theory and came up with 10 “carative” factors. Her actual theory was published in 1985, after which she further developed the corresponding nursing curriculum. In those years, Watson also extensively traveled in Asia and Australia while practiced. The prevailing influences in the nursing field at the time were those of Carl Rogers, Florence Nightingale and Leininger. Main psy...
Varcarolis, E. M., Carson, V. B., & Shoemaker, N. C. (2006). In Foundations of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing (p. 283). St. Louis: Elsevier Inc.
Watson, J. (2001). Jean Watson: Theory of human caring. In M.E. Parker (Ed.), Nursing theories and nursing practice (pp. 343-354). Philadelphia: Davis.
Nursing is a nurturing profession, and caring is an essential component of its practice. Caring for others, however, is stressful. The goal of nursing is to help people gain a higher degree of harmony within the mind, body and soul, which generates self-knowledge, self- reverence, self- healing and self-care processes while increasing diversity. This goal may be pursued through the implementation of ten carative factors, via the human-to-human caring process and caring transactions, or clinical caritas processes.
Walsh, M. (1997). The Nature of Nursing. In M. Walsh (ed.) (1997). Watson’s Clinical Nursing and Related Sciences. 5th Edition. London: Baillière Tindall.
In conclusion, Jean Watson’s theory of caring, a middle-range theory, provides essential framework and guidelines in nursing shortage problem. Nurses who exposed to caring theory have moral and ethical obligations to care for others during challenging situations. Patients, families and other professionals depend on nursing profession, their expertise and knowledge for best patient
Jean Watson has stated that her work was motivated by her search for a new meaning to the world of nursing and patient care. “ I felt a dissonance between nursing’s (meta) paradigm of care-healing and health, and medicine’s (meta) paradigm of diagnosis and treatment, and concentration on disease and pathology”. Watson, 1997, p.49. Jean Watson’s theory was first published in 1979.
Does the theory have broad application or is the application only confined within a narrow focus? This theory can be applied to all areas of nursing because all patients experience a form of uncertainty when health is not
She proposed that caring and love are universal and mysterious (Wagner, 2010). Watson believes that health professionals make moral, social, and scientific contributions to humanity and that a nurses' caring ideal can affect human development (Wagner, 2010). Watson believes that it is imperative in today's society to maintain a caring ideology in practice (Wagner, 2010). Caring is a concept that focuses on having a respectful, non-judgmental, supportive attitude that contributes to the healing process. Watson's theory, in relationship to the metaparadigm of nursing, focuses on the relationship between the nurse and the patient (Wagner, 2010). According to Watson's theory, the nurse and patient form a caring relationship where both the patient and the nurse promote healing (Wagner, 2010). In general, the theory of caring reminds us that a nurse can have a great impact on the life of a patient. If I were to add a new conceptual metaparadigm, it would be the concept of caring since I firmly believe that without caring it will be almost impossible to have wellness at all. If I were to choose one metaparadigm concept to eliminate, I would opt to remove the concept of health since I think that in the concepts of caring and nursing the individual's health should be fully
Watson views the concept of a human being as a person that should be valued, cared for, respected, nurtured, understood, and assisted (Nursing Theories, 2012). Every human being should be treated as a person instead of an object and receive the opportunity to have their distinct needs cared for. Health is viewed as a high level of physical, mental, and social functioning, ability to adapt and maintenance with daily living, and the lack of illness or the efforts that lead to the lack of (Nursing Theories, 2012). Watson’s theory believes that the environment determines the values that influence your behaviors and the goals you wish to pursue. It also influences how well a patient copes with the situation and how the nurse should be supportive and considerate towards the patient. Watson defines nursing as “a human science of persons and human health-illness experiences that are mediated by professional, personal, scientific, esthetic and ethical human transactions” (Nursing Theories, 2012, para. 4). Nursing should be more than just providing medical care, it should establish a relationship and build trust. Watson’s other concepts of her theory include the caring occasion, transpersonal caring, phenomenal field, self, and
Participant 4 stated, “I think just basically being there for the family as well…I think even just a cup of tea can go a long way with any family (McCallum & McConigley, 2013). Another theory that intertwines with Watson’s is Barbara Dossey’s Theory of Integral Nursing. Dossey articulates, “Healing is not predictable, it is not synonymous with curing but the potential for healing is always present even until one’s last breath,” (Parker and Smith, 2015, p. 212). Dossey believes that integral nursing is a comprehensive way to organize different situations in fours perspectives (nurse, health, person and environment) of reality with the nurse as an instrument in the healing process by bringing his or her whole self into a relationship with another whole self. In the HDU, the RN’s interacted with each patient while providing high quality care to create a healing environment for the patient and family even when their prognosis was otherwise. Patient 3 specified that “We still have to provide care...and make the family feel that they are comfortable and looked after” (McCallum & McConigley, 2013). These theories ultimately show the importance of a nurse through the aspects of caring to create and maintain a healing environment that is not only beneficial to the patient but to their loved ones as
Her educational background includes a diploma as a Registered Nurse from People’s Hospital School of Nursing in Ohio (1947), Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Major in Mental Health/Public Health, Minor in Psychology, from University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) (1957), and Master of Science in Mental Health from UCLA (1966). She became engaged in a graduate work for UCLA in the Mental Health/Public Health Consultation where she gained interest in community mental health as an emerging avenue for nursing practice. She was eventually appointed as the chair for UCLA’s Mental Health/Public Health Program and began teaching and developing a course to help graduate students focus on specific nursing problem areas. The outcomes of her labor led to the development of Neuman Systems Model (NSM) which focused on the client-environment interaction. Furthermore, Neuman’s mental health consultant role was not specified as nursing role, thus, influenced NSM’s applicability to various health professions and other