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Literature Review of Dividend Policy
Literature Review of Dividend Policy
Dividend policy case study
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Dividends are commonly described as the distribution of earnings in real assets among the shareholders of the firm in proportion to their ownership. Dividend policy therefore refers to the payout policy which a company uses in deciding the size and pattern of cash distribution to its shareholders over time. (Kapoor, 2009:5).
Mullin plc clearly used a stability strategy from 2003 to 2007 with the annual dividend rate being five shillings per share. The current economic conditions have clearly affected its ability to pay dividends to its shareholders. This is clearly as a result of the great depression .As a result; the shareholders are most likely in doubt of the company’s well being and overall financial position. Mullin plc must solve this problem using one of the strategies mentioned above.
One of the most important factors to consider when deciding Mullin’s new dividend policy is its current financial position. Apart from this, the paramount objective of wealth maximization for the shareholders should be taken into consideration. It is also important to consider that dividend r...
However, financial situation of the firm plays a very important role in the decision of the bondholder and this company has been one of the most profitable companies America in terms of ROE, ROA ad gross profit margin. Apart from decrease in earnings and cash flow in 1997, UST had continuous increases in sales (10-year compound annual growth rate of 9%), earnings (11%) and cash flow (12%). They are generating their cash flows out of the operations. Thanks to their premium pricing, they are achieving more than average gross profit margin. So, over the years UST's revenues are stable and positive, and generally its statements are positive. The company does not have any problems with its cash flow.
DuPont is a very big company with a low debt policy designed to maximize financial flexibility and insulate operations from financial constraints. It is one of the few AAA rated manufacturing companies due its investments are primarily financed from internal sources. However, because prices fell in the 1960’s thus DuPont’s net income fell also. The adverse economic conditions in 1970’s escalated inflation: increase in oil prices increased required inventory investments of the company. 1975 recession negatively affected DuPont’s net income by 33% and returns on capital and earnings per share fell. The company cut dividends in 1974 and working capital investment removed. Proportion of debt increased from 7% in 1972 to 27% in 1975 and interest coverage falls from 38 to 4.6. The company perceived increase in debt temporary but moved quickly to reduce its debt ratio by decreasing capital expenditures. Debt proportion dropped to 20%, interest coverage increased to 11.5 by 1979.
ANNUAL DIVIDEND: $0.19 - $99 - $ MARKET CAP: $60.12B. PRICE TO EARININGS: $27.37. TRAILING 12 MOS. PRICE TO EARNINGS: $19.73. FORWARD 12 MOS. FULL YEAR ENDED 04/25/ 2004 2005
Mullin plc a company which used to pay a dividend of 5 pence per share from 2003-2007 until the financial crisis in 2008 is now at a cross road and trying to decide whether now would be the right time to start paying dividend once again. A theory that will help resolve the company’s current crisis would be the irrelevancy theory.
... and 2012 due to Sainsbury’s higher rate of dividend. This general trend shows that Sainsbury’s will be in a position to maintain this dividend for the foreseeable future. Sainsbury’s has a low dividend cover and its rate of dividend directly reflects its earnings per share and therefore increases in dividend are implemented only once increased earnings are secure (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington, 2008). Shareholder returns are in the form of dividends. The value of capital remains stable. Its small growth in dividend is attributable to investment in expansion, which will ultimately provide long-term returns and profit to shareholders.
The objective of this report is to give an overall view on research and analysis to regards of two companies, Wm Morrison Supermarkets Plc and Tesco Plc that I have chosen for. In this report, I will be comparing two companies’ financial analysis based on their comprehensive income and balance sheet for one year; and also will be comparing their generating cash ability, cash management and financial adaptability based on statement of cash flows for the past two year and also determine whether the two companies have the ability to repay their debts to their creditors, generating into cash and going concern which related to finance.
Another terminology is Preferred stock, which varies in comparison to common stock investors are paid dividends consistently.
This report will critically review the capital structure of the Royal Mail (RM) and the implications this has for the company with reference to its apparent value and the return required by equity investors. The report will take data from the latest set of accounts published by the RM and it accompanying investor reports. It will also refer to investors analysis and news item in an attempt to gain a qualitative impression of RM’s share value.. The numerical analysis will not use information that relates to time past the last full accounting period, however the conclusion will attempt reconcile any share price movement with the analysis. The report will assess three models for their suitability in analysing the capital structure of the RM, (Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the dividend valuation model).
When discussing the cost of equity capital, or the rate of return required by investors for their share expenses, there are three main models widely used for analyzation. These models are the dividend growth model, which operates on the variable of growth and future trends, the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which operates on the premise that higher returns are a result of higher risk, and the arbitrage pricing theory (APT), which has a more flexible set of criteria than CAPM and takes advantage of mispriced securities
4. Harry Davis’s common stock is currently selling at $50 per share. Its last dividend (D0) was $4.19, and dividends are expected to grow at a constant rate of 5% in the foreseeable future. Harry Davis’s beta is 1.2, the yield on T-bonds is 7%, and the market risk premium is estimated to be 6%. For the bond yield plus risk premium approach, the firm uses a 4% point risk premium.
There is an enormous prospect for the Pkolino Company to start a business. The current task has adequate resources and a great plan to keep it operational. Nevertheless, dangers that might plunge Pkolino Company into financial disaster are also present. This is due to the fact that there are always a couple of things that tend to advance in an unanticipated direction even in a well- planned plan. For instance, P’kolino Company’s financial statements do not have provisions for the worst, average, and best scenarios.
Evaluating a company’s financial condition can be done by looking at its profitability or its ability to satisfy long-term commitments. These measures can be viewed through an analysis of a company’s financial statements, including the balance sheet and income statement. This paper will look at the status of Scholastic Company’s (Scholastic) ability to satisfy its long-term commitments and at the profitability of Daktronics, Inc. (Daktronics). This paper will include various financial ratio calculations and an analysis of the notable trends. It will also discuss the profitability and long-term borrowing positions of the firms discussed.
It also indicates that how much cash flow the company is getting for investing each dollar in equity position. From the above table it is indicated that the dividend yield is almost same for both the years i.e. 0.027 and 0.028. It means that for both the years the investors will be equally interested in investing making investment into coca cola. From the above table it is also observed that the dividend yield for coca cola and PepsiCo is almost the same which means that the investors will be equally interested in making investments in both
The basic earnings per ordinary share in 2016 is RM19.14 and RM14.30 in 2015. This shows that the ordinary share had been increased RM4.84 compare to 2016 based on 2015. In the other hand, this company had declared a first interim single-tier dividend of 10 sen per ordinary share amounting to RM22.88 million in respect of the financial year ended 31 December 2016. They sold their ordinary shares of RM400,000,000 units of RM0.50 per each in 2016 and RM200,000,000 units of RM0.50 per each in 2015 to their shareholders. It is increased from 2015 to 2016 with 200,000,000 units. The other investments that available for sale is RM1000 same as in 2015 and 2016.
Most of preference share issued by company are cumulative preference share, which means that all the arrear of dividend must be paid to preference share holder before paying any dividend to equity shareholders. This is company liabilities to pay arrear of dividend which increase financial burden of company.