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Review of literature on the topic deforestation and its effects
Effects of deforestation
Effects of deforestation
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In the nonfiction articles, “Sumatran Rainforest Will Mostly Disappear” by John Vidal and “Amazon Doomed Species Set to Pay Extinction Price” by Ian Sample explain deforestation and the costs of the situation. Both authors include strong points that give an idea of how the forests may end. Vidal gives many details about the consequences of deforestation, while Sample gives some details but not as many. Although Sample sets a good idea and generalization of deforestation in the Amazon, Vidal gives strong details that show the social conflicts, life-threatening effects, and future disadvantages and benefits of deforestation.
Vidal elaborates well on the social conflicts due to deforestation and new companies in the article “Sumatran Rainforest Will Mostly Disappear”. He claims there have been 600 major conflicts within the plantations. The conflicts and effects between the villages and companies induced over five thousand human rights abused followed by “twenty-two deaths and hundreds of injuries” (paragraph 8). Sadly, many of the community villagers have to work at the factories due to losing their resources from the wild. Many official
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members are fighting for their rights and attempting to shut down their companies. Next, they have no option but to work for the oil company because the forest was their grocery store, construction shop, and fuel supplier for the community. Vidal strongly explains their decisions depend on life or death and could lose almost everything if they do not work for the oil company. Due to financial problems, Greenpeace and April are acting against the companies, arguing that they trashed the forest, and building new companies. April also plants trees in place of those that are being demolished or taken down. Finally, the disadvantages of deforestation cause many problems.
Vidal makes strong points over the effects of deforestation in the Amazon. Habitats are destroyed and abandoned. Villages have no choice but to work for the companies who destroy their only resources. Many species are going extinct as well. International Union for Conservation of Nature says, “250-400 tigers remain and fewer than 100 rhinos are left in the forests” (paragraph 5). Deforestation causes this problem to worsen over time. In addition, millions of acres withhold only fragments of the forest. Pollution covers the area with “a haze of blue smoke” (paragraph 1), and industrial landscape stretches over 30 miles of the forest. If deforestation is to continue, those in the Amazon face the possibility extinction, or for the villagers,
death. Although Sample sets a good idea and generalization of deforestation in the Amazon, Vidal gives strong details that show the social conflicts, life-threatening effects, and future disadvantages and benefits of deforestation. Villages are getting involved in social conflicts with the oil companies who have invaded their areas. Vidal elaborates on abused human rights and others facing death. In addition, species are going extinct, and pollution is beginning to spread throughout the forest. Furthermore, officials have to restore the forest by planting trees. In conclusion, John Vidal creates a stronger argument than Ian sample because of the details and evidence he includes.
This policy memo addresses the development and expansion of the cattle ranching industry in Brazil, which has contributed to the mass deforestation of the Brazilian Amazon in the last 40 years. It exposes the regional and global consequences to deforestation and provides strategies for the Brazilian government to sustainably manage cattle ranching industries while protecting the future of the Amazon. The rainforest ecosystem is an immense reserve of natural recourses that is far more valuable than the beef produced on Brazilian cattle ranches. Not only does the rainforest create habitat for up to 65% of the world’s biodiversity, but when harvested sustainably, it provides humans with an abundance of spices, foods, oils, medicines and vital research areas (NEWMAN).
Therefore, a large amount of trees were cut down and led to forest destruction. People have done these kinds of activities for many years and these deforestation activities have brought about a lot of permanent and long term issues. Although the society has started to consider the problem of deforestation, it is not easy to solve the issues completely. Land desertification can be a huge area and it almost cannot be controlled. In addition, it is not only threatening the people and animals in the Amazon, the world is also threatened by deforestation.
The Amazon Rain Forest Is in Danger of Being Destroyed" by Devadas Vittal. Rain Forests. HaiSong Harvey, Ed. At Issue Series. Greenhaven Press, 2002. Reprinted from Devadas Vittal, Introduction: What Is the Amazon Rainforest? Internet: http://www.homepages.go.com/homepages/d/v/i/dvittal/amazon/intro.html, November 1999, by permission of the author. http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Viewpoints&disableHighlighting=false&prodId=OVIC&action=e&windowstate=normal&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010021212&mode=view
This article describes the history of deforestation around the world and explaining how deforestation started as part of a civilizing process. Then the article tells that human populations increase causes deforestation because humans need more land for food, water, and for living purposes. Also in the last part of the article it talks about how the future of deforestation is worse than the present, even with our reforestation efforts the environment is being destroyed to fast for us to stop especially in the
The Brazilian Rainforest is one of the most unique, vast, and diverse regions of the world. To get a general idea of the diversity of the Rainforest, it makes up a total of one-third of the world forests (more than four million square kilometers), it contains half of the total number of named species in the world (eighty-thousand plant species, 1,500 fish species, and one-forth of the 8,600 bird species), and is the world largest holder of genes (Library 138-139). To say the least, the Brazilian Rainforest is one of the most important natural resources we, as humans, know. It would seem that this knowledge, alone, would also make the Brazilian Rainforest one of the most protected land areas on Earth as well. However, the situation is quite the opposite. The Brazilian Rainforest has been greatly degraded by deforestation since the 1960 , which has led to numerous negative effects both environmentally and socially. This paper introduces the events that opened the door to deforestation, the most immediate causes and effects of deforestation in the Brazilian Rainforest, and my two-part solution to the problem of deforestation.
Have you ever wondered how life would be if you barely had any air to breathe, if there were no forest, or if the most common animals became extinct? This is eventually going to happen if deforestation continues. In "The Sumatran Rainforest Will Mostly Disappear within 20 Years," the author, John Vidal, describes areas that are going through deforestation because of giant logging, palm and mining companies. It explains how the animals, land, and people are affected during this process. Deforestation kills our animals and their habitants and destroys the lives of villagers nearby.
Deforestation is a widely used term, but one with different meanings. Disturbance deforestation refers to all man made disturbances that alter a forest, these are the most common. This argumentative essay discusses the positive and negative aspects of deforestation. In the first part of the essay the pro arguments of deforestation will be discussed. For example, the issue of Global population and how forests are being used, land use and the ways forests contribute, wood use, forest growth, destruction and the reasons for cutting down the trees. The second half of the essay will cover the issues that are harmful to the environment because of deforestation. Many environmental issues take place everyday; a big question that arises, is if the global economy will ever finds middle on the issue of forest thinning. If deforestation was used only in the most crucial of times, the world might become a better place.
The specific environmental issue/problem I will be talking about is the Deforestation in the Amazon. This has caused a severe environmental problem and a subsequent decline in well-being. The Amazon rainforest is known to be one of the Earth's largest rainforest and also one of the greatest natural resources. Many people call the Amazon the “Lungs of our planet” due to the vegetation. Since there is so much vegetation in the rainforest it will continuously take the carbon dioxide and turns it into oxygen. After researching about the deforestation of the Amazon I came across some statistics and information that really shocked me. Rhett Butler stated that “60-70 percent of deforestation in the Amazon results from cattle ranches while the rest mostly results from small-scale subsistence agriculture. Despite the widespread press attention, large-scale farming (i.e. soybeans) currently contributes relatively little to total deforestation in the Amazon. Most soybean cultivation takes place outside the rainforest in the neighboring cerrado grassland ecosystem and in areas that have already been cleared. Logging results in forest degradation but rarely direct deforestation. However, studies have showed a close correlation between logging and future clearing for settlement and farming.” After reading this I was shocked, but there also is some good news I came across. The problem I am writing about is occurring in the Amazon Rainforest which is not only located in Brazil but also Columbia, Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, and the three Guyanas. The problem with deforestation is that it is affecting our economic health. As stated before by Rhett Butler deforestation in the Amazon is mostly due to cattle farms. The other major contributor i...
Countries such as Brazil and Indonesia have been greatly affected by deforestation with well over two million hectares of naturally forested land now rendered barren (See appendix 1).
Nowadays deforestation is the one of the most important and controversial environmental issues in the world. Deforestation is cutting down, clearing away or burning trees or forests. Particularly tropical rainforests are the most waning type of forests because of its location in developing countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines, India, central African countries and Brazil. Deforestation rate in those regions is high enough to worry about, because of large economic potential of forest areas. As the result of causes such as agriculture land expansion, logging for timber, fire blazing and settling infrastructure there might be serious impacts in future. For instance, extinction of endemic species of animals and plants which will be feral, increase of greenhouse gas emissions which may lead to global warming and consecutive catastrophes, destruction of home for indigenous residents which is considered as violation of human rights. Some people can argue with these drawbacks telling that deforestation have more valuable benefits such as growth of economics, production of food and providing better opportunities for life for poor families. However, these benefits are quite temporary and government of that countries and world organisations tries to halt deforestation proposing several solutions. Deforestation problem is especially acute in the Brazilian Amazon, where its rate is much high comparing with other regions. This paper will describe world-wide rainforests, causes and effects of deforestation, and evaluate possible solutions of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon.
In South America lies the largest and most wondrous rainforest in the world, the Amazon Rainforest. This 1.4 billion acre forest represents over half of the planets remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most bio-diverse tract of rainforest in the world. Ten percent of all known species on the planet are found in this rain forest, most of which have yet to be discovered. For the past century, the Amazon has been gradually decreasing in size due to agricultural expansion, ranching, infrastructure projects, energy exploration and illegal logging. At its current state, the Amazon is losing land equal to the size of the state of Delaware every year. The destruction of this forest releases 340 million tons of carbon per year according to the World Wildlife Foundation, or WWF, which in turn cause climate changes everywhere around the world. Undiscovered species can hold the key to curing a plethora of diseases, but if those species become extinct those keys are lost forever. If nothing is done to prevent this, the world’s treasure trove of bio-diversity will cease to exist, creating irreversible damage to not only the South American people but also the rest of the world.
The social and moral implications of diminishing rainforest biodiversity are great. From a human welfare perspective, the livelihoods of tens of millions of indigenous peoples depend on the forests, but thousands are being pushed out of their homes because they lack the shelter and support that the forest once gave them (Salim 3). These groups have "developed knowledge and cultures in accordance with their environment through thousands of years, and even physically they are adapted to the life in the forest" (Nyborg). For many of the people living in these areas, the forest is the only resource they have providing them with food, shelter and cultural ties. With the invasion and destruction of their homeland, rainforest peoples are also disappearing.
Deforestation is the amputation of trees from forest areas more swiftly than they can be replanted or regenerate naturally. The fact that trees play an incredibly momentous part in stabilising climate, atmospheric composition and soil structure, removing trees rapidly becomes a major problem. There are numerous reasons behind the felling of trees by mankind. The Amazon basin is a prime example of humans exploiting rainforests. Within this tropical rainforest lie a vast variety of tree species, with many uses, giving humans even more reason to exploit this area.
Fearnside, Philip M. "Deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia: History, Rates, and Consequences." Conservation Biology 19.3 (2005): 680-688. Print.
There is some ambiguity to the original total area of the rainforest and the current amount of deforested lands, but all in question of the matter agree that it is a very serious issue. The total amount of area deforested in the Amazon has increased tremendously in the last forty years. 15.2 million hectares were destroyed in 1978 compared to a whopping 60.3 million hectares in 2001 (Margulis 6). These numbers directly correlate to the vast expansion in big business in the region. Evidence Increasing international demands for products produced around the Amazon is the central reason behind the increasing deforestation.