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Environment and human behavior
Environment and human behavior
Environment and human behavior
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There are three different approaches that would view the origins of Jake's anxiety. Behavioral, humanistic, and cognitive are the three different types of approaches. First of all, behavioral approach is what we have learned from our environment. For example, if you have been payed minimum wage all your life and suddenly your boss has announced that everyone will be getting paid $1 extra, you get happy and look forward to working. The salary increase was a change in the environment which is a behavioral approach. In contrast, humanistic approach brings out the good in human behavior. For example, if you are thinking to yourself that "i'm ugly, no one likes me" then change that thought to "Everyone is beautiful and so am I." This would be a humanistic approach because instead of thinking negative, you are thinking positive which will make you feel good about others and most importantly, yourself. The last but not least is the cognitive approach. The cognitive approach focuses on our thought processes and the moods we experience. For example, if you studied so hard on a test and you failed it then you might think that since I failed the last test, I won't be able to pass any other test. This is your thought process but it's not certainly true; this is a cognitive approach. In comparison, all of the approaches are assumptions about human behavior. They all have to do about …show more content…
If there is something surrounding him that is causing this anxiety then he needs to do something about this. For example, if Jake is struggling with his classes and is not letting anyone know, then that needs to be changed. He needs to go to his teachers and ask them for help. He can also ask his friends for help if he does not want to interact with his teachers. If he gets assistance on his assignments, then he will stop being tensed and that will reduce his
For instance, Behavioral and Cognitive Psychology both utilize the basic scientific method for addressing particular issues, as well as research, but Humanistic Psychology does not utilize the scientific method and instead claims because humans differ from animals given humans are capable of reason, thought, and language. Behavioral, Cognitive, and Humanistic Psychologies conduct their research by observing. By paraphrasing the three psychologies’ definitions, all of them come up with their analyses by studying the human mind, behavior, and the outcome based off of particular stimuli. In Jake’s situation, by studying how his mind and behavior were compensating with his difficult classes, all three psychologies would have rational explanations of which why Anxiety Disorder is an appropriate diagnosis. How Behavioral, Cognitive, and Humanistic Psychology differ, though, is by how they all come to their same conclusions. The behavioral approach explained Jake’s anxiety because of his reaction with certain stimuli given changes in environment, the cognitive approach explained his diagnosis with previous genetic relevance, and the humanistic approach explained Jake’s Anxiety Disorder because of his change in his own
This disorder is preventing him from having a normal life like the people in the “real” world. Just like the definition mentions, he is constantly worried and has excessive anxiety; these two factors are said to be the primary symptoms of General Anxiety Disorder (Oltmanns & Emery, 2014). The patients in the mental ward mostly signed themselves up to be in the institution because they self- diagnosed themselves with a mental issue. However, the fact the Charlie Cheswick signs himself up explicitly proves how he has a mental disorder. According to the DSM- 5, a person with General Anxiety Disorder “must be accompanied by at least three of the following symptoms: (1) restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge, (2) being easily fatigued, (3) difficulty concentrating or mind going blank, (4) irritability, (5) muscle tension, and (6) sleep disturbance” (Oltmanns & Emery, 2014, p. 150). Already Cheswick fulfills more than half of the requirements to be considered having General Anxiety Disorder. Throughout the movie, Cheswick shows signs of having this disorder because he does not expect anything good to happen in his life; he always assumes that everything will go wrong. Moreover, Cheswick portrays difficulty of concentrating because he always worries about everything. He does not let go of his worries. This factor also leads to him being fatigued because he is too focused on his worries and concerns, preventing himself from enjoying his life. Cheswick has a sleep disturbance because of a similar reason for him feeling
...ription of his foster parents, his foster siblings, are less than objective. I anticipate finding that his symptoms of anxiety attacks, fear of accomplishment, panic over being successful, fear of abandonment, can be interpreted as outward manifestations of unconscious conflicts that have their origins in childhood experiences and defensive reactions to these experienced that were necessary to him as a child.
...some level of normal or moderate anxiety because life brings about unpredictable events and situations. In a school setting students may experience anxiety from bullying, being judged or criticized by others, not initiating social interactions with others, feelings of worthiness, low academic achievement etc.. providing skills and techniques to help them cope with these stressors can reduce how anxiety can dictate how they live their life.
When dealing with Anxiety, many believe that is just a panic attack or “butterflies” that make you nervous. They do not comprehend that it is an abundant more than that. Amanda Seyfried once stated about her anxiety, “It's sad, actually, because my anxiety keeps me from enjoying things as much as I should at this age” (Seyfried 1). Her anxiety held her back from doing the things that she enjoyed. Her anxiety caused her sadness. Her anxiety caused her to separate her from others her age. Anxiety can cause an individual to attract Depression as well.
Alice Park’s article in TIME Magazine, entitled “The Two Faces of Anxiety”, outlines the key positive and negative effects anxiety can have on both the individual and humanity as a whole. Because of the steady increase in diagnoses of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and similar mental illnesses, evaluating the origins of anxiety as well as its effects are crucial steps for developing both medical treatments and alternative methods of coping with the disorder. While many of the 40 million American adults suffering from anxiety believe that eliminating the feeling altogether is ideal, they fail to consider what psychologists have mounds of empirical evidence in support of: anxiety is not inherently adverse, and can, in many cases, be advantageous. Anxiety is generally understood to be a biological process in which specific symptoms, such as increased heart rate and blood pressure, manifest as a response to stressful scenarios. In these potentially-fatal situations, the fight-or-flight response is an evolutionary reaction developed to prevent species from engaging in behavior that could result in extreme negative consequences, while also preparing them for possible conflict. Overall, this response is a constructive adaptation, but an issue arises when individuals face stressful, albeit non-fatal, situations. The body still experiences the same symptoms despite the absence of any “real” danger, and the person suffering from the anxiety feels as though he or she has little control over the behaviors brought on by the condition. Triggered by both genetic and environmental factors, there appears to be a wide variation in the severity of anxiety as well as what treatment methods are effective for each individual. However, many psychologists ...
Evolutionary theory is developed from Darwin’s argument that “suggests that a process of natural selection leads to the survival of the fittest and the development of traits that enable a species to adept to its environment. “ Many have taken this a step further by saying that our genetic inheritance determines not only our physical traits but also certain personality traits and social behaviors. There is such a controversy over significant behaviors that unfold because many believe that we are already pre-programmed human species. It has also been argued that evolution is reflected in functioning and structure of the nervous system and that is has evolutionary factors that have a significant influence on everyday behavior. With what is being said means that if we follow the evolutionary theory, then it would be said that we are already pre-programmed from before birth to follow certain protocols in life. Whether it is from finding a mate or by getting a job. It also believed that this theory gives use cues from our own system to follow, providing us with certain aspects of life from our ancestors. By believing in this theory we can determine that the importance of heredity when influencing human behavior. Behavioral geneticists and evolutionary psychologists have both agreed that not only do genetic factors provide specific behaviors or traits but it also shows the limitations on the emergence of such traits or behaviors. What this means is that our genetics will determine how tall we will be to how ...
Biological and cognitive are both different theoretical perspectives. They both have unique differences. The biological and cognitive approaches differ in their view on the nature versus nurture debate. The biological approach focuses on nature rather than nurture. It believes that behavior is determined by internal physiological processes such as the structure and functions of the neurons, hormones, DNA and structure of the brain. The cognitive perspective goes into the domain of mental processes to understand human nature. This perspective shows how we learn, make decisions, use language, plan for future, and form judgments.
Anxiety disorders are the 2nd most diagnosed mental illness in the United States. Anxiety comes from the “fight or flight” physiological response in ones body. The fear a person experiences is an intense emotional alarm accompanied by a surge of energy in the autonomic nervous system. The surge is what motivates us to flee from danger, cueing the “flight” response. However, some anxiety is good for us in moderate amounts. Most people perform better when we are a little anxious (Yerkes & Dodson, 1908). Anxiety can improve test performance or make you more energetic and charming on a date. It improves, social, physical, and intellectual performance. In fact little would get done if we didn’t have any anxiety. However anxiety can be negative as well. The most common symptoms are looking worried and anxious or fidgeting. That is pretty normal for most people. These symptoms are a physiological response that starts in the brain. It elevates the heart rate and creates muscle tension. Most of the research has been done with animals. Animals seem to experience anxiety in a similar way to ...
Comparing the Behavioral Perspective and the Cognitive Perspective The behavioral perspective is the idea that if psychology was to be a science, then it must focus on events, which are directly observable on behavior, rather than on mental life. The behavioral perspective maintains the primary emphasis on observable behavior and its relation to environmental events. Behavioral perspective is through reinforcement, which is the idea that patterns of emitted behavior can be selected by their consequences. Cognitive perspective is centered on the description of the nature and development of the representation of knowledge. It comes from three points of view, which are the theory of information processing, the inability of behaviorism to provide a comprehensive account for all aspects of human behavior, and the invention of the computer.
In this assignment I am going to introduce and unpack cognitive behavioural theory and psychodynamic theory. This will include the history of each theory and the theorists that discovered and developed both. I am going to link each theory to where they fit in Payne’s Triangle of Social Work as well as compare and contrast each theory. Both Cognitive behavioural theory and psychodynamic theory both support the purposes of social work in which I will cover beneath. This assignment will also include criticisms of both theories as well.
Muscle aches, trouble concentrating, and being tired all the time, these are some effects that anxiety disorders can have on a person. Jake has been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Just like there are many different causes and different types of disorders, there are also many ways to treat the disorders. Three different types will be explained within this essay. Number one, the humanistic approach, or being able to fulfill a personal potential. Number two, the behavioral view of the change in behaviors, and then the third, the cognitive side, or mental processes. By looking at these specific views, we will define them and see where they believe the causes are formed and the care they can give to help in combating the anxieties of life.
“Behavior theory consists of ideas about how human actions and emotions develop, are sustained, and are extinguished through principles of learning” (Walsh, 2010). Positive and negative reinforcement is used to help manipulate the behaviors of the individual. The theory has been used to help eliminate unwanted behaviors. In addition, behavior theory has been use primarily with children, and persons with developmental disabilities. According to Walsh (2010) behavior theory evolved in the 1960s from a field of philosophy to the field of science. Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning, which plays a major role in behavioral theory. Classical conditioning is the process of learning through ones surroundings, conditioned, and unconditioned stimuli and response. B. F. Skinner discovered operant conditioning the process of learning to influence the future responses to the environment (Clark, 2004). The two concepts has been used throughout the behavior theory to help assist clients with unacceptable behaviors that is occurring. The combination of the two concepts has been a very helpful aspect to the behavior theory. Both concepts offer a different approach or solution to the behavior of the client.
Anxiety disorders are psychiatric in nature and can cause distress in the individual experiencing them. High amount of anxiety often appear in individuals who are vulnerable to stressful situations and can cause fear, sadness, anger, and dependent on the extent of the disorder, social isolation. Extreme anxiety can be a genetic trait or a learned process from a traumatic experience, such as childhood induced posttraumatic syndrome. The individual may have barriers that prevent them from dealing with normal situations, which can produce debilitating amounts of anxiety. In these cases, the individual may obsess about the worst possible scenario when dealing with high stress situations. This normally produces a fight or flight response to the high stress situation that is being experienced.