Ben Cooke
March 4th 2015
SOCY 410-001
Dr. Deanna Gore
Demographic Profile: France 1985 and 2012
Mortality
Introduction Mortality in France is fairly typical of a developed nation. It has a fully developed water treatment and sanitation system as well as access to modern medicines and medical equipment. Its citizens enjoy access to universal education and healthcare as well. Mortality rates in France have fallen so low that death before the 60-64 age category is uncommon and death during childhood is increasingly rare. The deaths that do occur are so few compared to the population that they have little to no effect on how life expectancy is calculated. (Barbier, Magali, Depledge 2013). The driving factors of mortality in this instance are
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The crude death rate was 10.3 deaths per 1000 individuals. As shown in Figure 1, age specific death rates start low at about 2 deaths per 1000 individuals in the 0-4 age category. Age specific death rates then fall below 1 death per 1000 individuals until the 20-24 age category. Age specific death rates increase at a slow but steady pace until the 55-59 age category where the age specific death rate reaches 14 deaths per 1000 individuals. From the 55-59 age category onwards age specific death rate increases rapidly, almost doubling every ten years. The age specific death rate for the final age category of 85 and above is 243 deaths per 1000 individuals. (United Nations 1987, …show more content…
The issue is the level of access citizens, immigrants, and refugees have to these resources. Socioeconomic status and immigration status affects the level of access a citizen receives in addition to their knowledge of resources available to them. (Boulogne, Jougla, Breem, Kunst, Rey 2012). Individuals with low socioeconomic status are also more likely to lead unhealthy lifestyles, shortening their lifespans. (Windenberger, Rican, Jougla, Rey 2011). Immigration or refugee status limits access to the universal healthcare and education systems. (Fassin 2005). Poorer areas such as northern France and Brittany tend to have higher mortality than more affluent areas and southern France. Areas with high numbers of immigrants, such as the Siene-St-Denis department outside of Paris, also tend to have higher mortality rates. For the population as a whole, the main causes of mortality tended to be heart disease, non-communicable diseases, and cancers. (Barbier, Magali, Depledge
Social determinants of health (SDOH) are increasingly becoming a major problem of Public Health around the World. The impact of resources and material deprivation among people and populations has resulted in an increase in mortality rate on a planetary scale. Social determinants of health are defined as the personal, social, economic and the environmental conditions which determines the health status of an individual or population (Gardner, 2013). Today’s society is characterized by inequalities in health, education, income and many other factors which as a result is becoming a burden for Public Health around the world. Research studies have shown that the conditions in which people live and work strongly influenced their health. Individuals with high levels of education and fall within the high income bracket turn to have stable jobs, live in the best neighborhood and have access to quality health care system than individuals who have low education and fall with the low income bracket. This paper is to explain different social determinants of health and how they play ...
Mathers, C. D. (2006). Projections of Global Mortality and Burden of Disease from 2002 to 2030. Public Library of Science Medicine, 3(11), e442. April 16, 2011. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030442
People in lower classes are more likely to get sicker more often and to die quicker. People in metro Louisville reveal 5- and 10-year gaps in life expectancy between the city’s rich, middle- and working-class neighborhoods. Those who live in the working class neighborhood face more stressors like unpaid bills, jobs that pay little to nothing, unsafe living conditions, and the fewest resources available to help them, all of these contribute to the health issues.
Firstly, France has a low birth rate. Because according to the population pyramid of France, the bottom of the pyramid is shrinking compared to its middle. Also, from the numbers on the diagram, the population between ages 0-4 is about 2 million, it is considerably small given that the total population of France is 64.1 million. Secondly, France has a very high life expectancy rate. From the population pyramid, it shows clearly that the top of the pyramid is not pointy, which indicates that there are certain amount of the population that are included in that age region. Furthermore, according to the data table, there are 18% of the whole population that are 65 years old
Variations in life expectancy and its changes are one major cause of rising income inequality. How long a person lives, as well as their quality of health, can have an important and huge impact on their income and social mobility. The life expectancy of the bottom 10% increases at only half the rate that the life expectancy of the top 10% does (Belsie). This shows that improvements in medicine benefit the wealthy more than the poor. The less wealthy have decreased access to good medical insurance and cannot afford more expensive, quality medical care. The poor are less likely to invest in healthy food and exercise, lowering life expectancy and overall health. These changes result in a cycle that causes the poor to be less healthy, and the less healthy to become increasingly poor. On the other side, the rich have different variations of habits, education, and environments, which can affect life expectancy, often positively for the
The American continent is divided in 3 regions: North America, Central America and South America. This last region counts with many countries that have a high adult and child mortality rate. For the purpose of this paper I selected Ecuador has the country with one of the highest number in mortality rate. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2011), the mortality rate for child under 5 years old was 23 per 1000 births and for adults the probability of dying between 15 to 60 years old was for males 162 and females 89 per 1000 births.
I found that there are varying ages of death in each date category, but for the most part, the ages increased considerably from century to century. This, to me, would be a sign of the technology progression that we have experienced and the modern medical discoveries to aid in the healing processes of some previously fatal diseases.
An interesting phenomenon – the healthy immigrant effect (HIE) – has been observed in many countries, such as Canada, the United States, and Great Britain (Kennedy, McDonald & Biddle 2006). That is, immigrants entering these countries are typically healthier than native-born citizens. Yet, although a clear health gap separates native-born Canadians from new immigrants, it gradually dissipates to the point where the two groups exhibit similar levels of health (McDonald & Kennedy, 2004). Why people who have consistently enjoyed high levels of health for much of their lives would experience such a marked decrease is rather puzzling, but two major contributing factors have been identified – problems in access to healthcare and acculturation – which will be the focus of the following discussion. The former works against immigrants’ health by impeding their access to both preventative and therapeutic care. The latter compounds this effect by creating new and unhealthy behaviours in immigrants, while at the same time acting as a barrier...
People living in areas such as Playford, has shown to have a lower socioeconomic position, which made them at highest risk of poor health (WHO, 2017). Then, the social determinants of health support the understanding the difference between populations health levels, but also the reasons behind why some groups are healthier than others (Marmot, 2005) and the issue becomes a little bit deeper as people living in different areas related to others differently, so then the social stratification of health is affected by differences in gender, marital status, residential areas and ethnicity (Elstad,
Social determinants of health have attracted the attention of governments, policy makers and international health organisations over the last three decades (Hankivsky & Christoffersen 2008). This is because social conditions which people are born in, live and work play an important role in their health outcomes (WHO 2015). According to Kibesh (1200) social determinants drive health disparities, disrupts the human developmental process and undermine the quality of life and opportunities for people and families (ref). Thus, several theories have been developed over the years to provide in-depth understanding of the social determinants of health and to reduce health inequalities (Hankivsky & Christoffersen, 2008). However, there is still significant
Toulouse is a city in France. It is in the southwestern part of France. It is located near the and the Spanish border. Toulouse’s exact location is 43.6047° N, 1.4442° E. It is bisected by the Garonne River.
France is the 19th most populous country in the world. The total French population is estimated to be 63,718,187 with around 60, 876,135 living in metropolitan France. The largest cities in France are Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Toulouse, Nice, and Nantes The French society has a wide diversity of people and ethnicities. Ethnic groups include Celtic, Latin, Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, in addition to the Basque minorities in the south. However, there is a large percentage of immigrants in France (Legal & Illegal). In 2004 a total of 140,033 people immigrated to France, 90,250 were from Africa, and 13,710 were from Europe, the following year immigration fell to 135,890. According to to the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies, France has an estimate of 4.9 million foreign born immigrants, 2 million of which have acquired French citizenship.
Like many nations, the French have many commonly known stereotypes. Similarly, like many nations, the French have many true stereotypes. Here are a few stereotypes of the French; they are rude, consume great amounts of cheese, are great lovers, have a weak military, and smoke excessively. How do these stereotypes come about? The reason is many people do not get the chance to travel and see for themselves what unique traditions, or lifestyles that each nation has. However, the few people from that country that do travel, come back and provide rough generalizations about the other nations people, also known as stereotypes. The people of that country believe the stereotypes. This is why some stereotypes are true and some are not. However, the
In Portugal there is an uneven provision of health care. Health care available ranges from high quality to that prevalent in the Third World. Many Portuguese, especially those living in rural areas, are not able to enjoy liberal health benefits provided for in legislation. Infant mortality rate as greatly improved in the last few decades to an estimated rate of 6.05 per 1,000 in 1992. Life expectancy is seventy-one years for males and seventy-eight for females in 1992.
Berkman and Epstein (2008) have stated that the link between socioeconomic disadvantages and poor health has been observed but they lack data that permits them to make constant evaluations of the linkages across many countries. For example if the GDP of the country is low the funding for the health sector also will be low, this will alter a negative impact on the health of the community (Berkman & Epstein,