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Early childhood development erikson
Introduction early childhood development chapter 1 flashcards
Early childhood development erikson
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Majed Fitaihi lived in Massachusetts until he was six years old when his family moved to Saudi where he learned English and Arabic and graduated from high school with a bilingual degree. Throughout his education, he has experienced many of the aspects of literacy acquisition which Deborah Brandt discusses in her article “Sponsors of Literacy”. Majed has benefitted from the tutorage and encouragement of sponsors, he has set and met his own high expectations, and he has experienced many different literacies, from cultural to creative and more. Spurred forward by the drive to understand and interact with others in a meaningful way, he has developed his own literacies both alone and with encouragement from others. As Deborah Brandt describes, …show more content…
His grandfather writes for an Arabic newspaper in Saudi and his grandmother on the other side of the family has directly encouraged him to write. “My grandmother supported me in anything that I did” Majed commented. This motivation which his grandmother provided prompted him to keep writing and reading so that eventually he got himself published. His novelette, A Dreamless World is a historical fiction piece which he worked on for eight months until it was professionally published. His grandmother’s personal gain from encouraging and supporting Majed’s writing was that she got to see him persevere all the way to publication. His appropriation of the lessons which his grandmother instilled in him and which others in his family modeled led Majed to create his own fiction, directly satisfying his thirst for literacy and creativity. Overall, Majed and his family have benefitted from the many sponsorships of his …show more content…
When he was young, he was “noticeably better” in English than his classmates, but instead of slacking off in school, Majed decided to learn Arabic (Fitaihi 1). As Brandt describes, competition is often one of the most potent drives in sponsorship (Brandt 48). For Majed, competition against his classmates and himself in learning Arabic and drove him to learn as much as he could. He came to realize that language is literacy which extends beyond the knowledge of syntax and grammar. “Understanding two different languages…” Majed expressed “you need to understand the culture that goes along with it… I think you develop a broad way of looking at the world.” He attributes his outlook on interacting with others to his exposure to different cultures and languages. His own sponsorship and drive which developed from his interest in learning Arabic and challenging himself to excel was a driving force for his growth in cultural literacy. Similar to Dora Lopez in “Sponsors of Literacy” Majed experienced the struggle to learn the language of his heritage while feeling disconnected from that world. Majed’s own motivation for learning Arabic was to understand the culture of his family and the country where he was living in a more authentic way, his own gains from this self-sponsorship, although not the same economically as Lopez, paid off when he could
Deborah Brandt (1998) wrote “Sponsors of Literacy”, a journal where she explained her findings of the research she has done on how different people across the nation learned to read and write, born between 1900, and 1980 (p. 167). She interviewed many people that had varying forms of their literacy skills, whether it was from being poor, being rich, or just being in the wrong spot at the wrong time.
Joyce, James. "Araby." Making Literature Matter: An Anthology for Readers and Writers. Eds. John Clifford and John Schilb. Boston: Bedford, 1999. 728-32.
Cope, Bill, and Mary Kalantzis. Multiliteracies,Literacy learning and the design of social futures. New London Group: London and New York, 1997.
Education is extremely important and can be achieved in the most unexpected places. In "Homemade Education", Malcolm tells about his time in prison, where he taught himself how to read and write. Behind the bars, through the use of a dictionary and books he became literate. In this article he explains how one can change his or her lifestyle by the taking the advantage of the opportunities that are available. This relates to me because couple of years ago, I didn't know how to speak English, but I took an advantage of the opportunities I had to learn a whole different language.
From the moment that we are born, we are exposed to means of language and communication. Though technically we can not speak as babies; we give our parents small signals to let them know what we need such as, being hungry or needing a diaper change. Language is proven to be essential and an important part of life. In the essays, Homemade Education, by Malcolm X and Spanish Lessons, by Christine Marin both essays give a strong example of why language is important. In Malcolm’s essay, he explains how when he was prison the power of language completely changed his life. In Marin’s essay she talks about her experience with the English and Spanish language and how both languages opened up new doors for her in her life and
Tan’s essay does more than just illuminate the trouble with language variations; her essay features a story of perseverance, a story of making a “problem” harmonize into a “normal” life. Almost like a how-to, Tan’s essay describes an obstacle and what it takes to go above and beyond. Mirroring Tan, I have been able to assimilate “the [world] that helped shape the way I saw things” and the world that I had to conform to (Tan 129). Life is a struggle, but what makes it worth it is the climb, not what is on the other side.
Finding a definition of literacy is not as easy as it sounds. The Webster definition says that to be literate is to be” able to read and write.” But to some researchers, this definition is too simplistic, leading to multiple models of literacy. Most Americans adhere to the autonomous model, which falls closest to the standard, dictionary definition. Believers in this form say that literacy is a cognitive activity that students learn like any other basic skill. It has a set of proficiencies that one must master in order to be capable of decoding and encoding text (Alvermann, 2009; SIL International, 1999). A competing theory is the ideological model, which claims literacy is intrinsically linked to culture, and therefore what constitutes a “literate” individual is ever-changing. Society is the largest influence on literacy, according to this thought, and it is affected by politics, religion, philosophy and more (Alvermann, 2009; SIL International, 1999). These two are just the tip of the iceberg. For example, some studies recognize “literacy as competence,” which is a “measure of competence to do a given task or work in a given field,” (SIL International, 1999) such as being computer literate. Although more researchers are recognizing and exploring multiple literacies, the one that most influences American schools is the autonomous, cognitive model – the ability to read and write. For many, it seems a simple task, but millions of adolescents are struggling or reluctant readers, and there are many reasons why young readers have difficulty with reading. XXXXXX------NEED HELP WITH THESIS STATEMENT HERE PLEASE—(This paper will focus on the effects of low reading skills, some of the possible causes of reluctant and struggling readership...
Gunning, Thomas G. "Chapters 1 & 2." Creating Literacy Instruction for All Students: International Edition. Boston, Mas.: Pearson, 2013. N. pag. Print.
To be successful in the world today literacy is vital. But what is the definition of Literacy? According to Merriam Webster it is “the quality or state of being literate”, but can it also be expanded and redefined as Culturally Literate “the ability to understand and appreciate the similarities and differences in the customs, values, and beliefs of one’s own culture the cultures of others? This essay will utilize the writings of Fishman, Mary Ann Zehr, and Jean Piaget to compare the definition of literacy by mainstream society to that of the Amish culture.
In her story, "Araby," James Joyce concentrates on character rather than on plot to reveal the ironies inherent in self-deception. On one level "Araby" is a story of initiation, of a boy’s quest for the ideal. The quest ends in failure but results in an inner awareness and a first step into manhood. On another level the story consists of a grown man's remembered experience, for the story is told in retrospect by a man who looks back to a particular moment of intense meaning and insight. As such, the boy's experience is not restricted to youth's encounter with first love. Rather, it is a portrayal of a continuing problem all through life: the incompatibility of the ideal, of the dream as one wishes it to be, with the bleakness of reality. This double focus-the boy who first experiences, and the man who has not forgotten-provides for the dramatic rendering of a story of first love told by a narrator who, with his wider, adult vision, can employ the sophisticated use of irony and symbolic imagery necessary to reveal the story's meaning.
Although “Araby” is a fairly short story, author James Joyce does a remarkable job of discussing some very deep issues within it. On the surface it appears to be a story of a boy's trip to the market to get a gift for the girl he has a crush on. Yet deeper down it is about a lonely boy who makes a pilgrimage to an eastern-styled bazaar in hopes that it will somehow alleviate his miserable life. James Joyce’s uses the boy in “Araby” to expose a story of isolation and lack of control. These themes of alienation and control are ultimately linked because it will be seen that the source of the boy's emotional distance is his lack of control over his life.
As this journey continues in my life, I am happy that I’m almost to the end of my journey. But learning is like and endless line, one can never get too much of it. For what we have knowledge of are pinch of glass of water from the ocean of education. Looking forward on becoming more literate for it will guarantee me respect, credibility and high economic status from society. My early journey of literacy has allowed me to be reach a level my parents and I can be proud of. Now my curiosity not only partakes in literacy but also to a successful future.
This passion to learn something that someone who came from a different part of the world could communicate with me gave me delight. With in my home we speak about 6 different languages,and everyday my parents push us to familiarize ourselves with something unknown so we can fathom even a little about others. In August of 2015, i made a decision to move to Egypt and pursue education in classical Arabic linguistics.The reason i came to this conclusion was this would further my vocation of helping people; which would help me understand people on a more personal level, and one of the ways is communication through different languages and understanding of different cultures. Within few months, i quickly was able to adapt to the new environment and learn not only classical Arabic but modern day Egyptian Arabic, giving me the upper hand of knowing two different dialects in Arabic. With life, i was shown over and over that sometimes not everything will go according to plan. I had to postpone at the end of January of 2016 my program due to major family issues that my parents had to ask for me to come
...es their child’s literacy. As shown in the study Welcoming Families: A Parent Literacy Project in a Linguistically Rich, High-Poverty School when parents are raising their children in a bilingual home, it is often difficult to be sure of how to aid their children in reading activities, especially if they are unsure of how to read in English as well. Parents are shown to be one of the strongest influences on their children’s literacy development, and often they are in need of help by their local schools in order to be able to aid their children to the best of their abilities.
In many cultures, childhood is considered a carefree time, with none of the worries and constraints of the “real world.” In “Araby,” Joyce presents a story in which the central themes are frustration, the longing for adventure and escape, and the awakening and confusing passion experienced by a boy on the brink of adulthood. The author uses a single narrator, a somber setting, and symbolism, in a minimalist style, to remind the reader of the struggles and disappointments we all face, even during a time that is supposed to be carefree.